航天器视场遮挡分析方法研究

敏感器视场遮挡分析是航天器构型布局设计的重要组成部分，针对大型在轨变构型航天器敏感器视场遮挡分析工作量大、出错率高、遮挡率无法量化等特点，本文提出一种基于敏感器第一视角的视场遮挡快速分析方法。该方法通过设置第一视角图像蒙版及图像映射，模拟方锥形、圆锥形、球形等各类敏感器视场，通过逐个像素比对，计算视场遮挡率和遮挡方位。使用此方法建立了空间站敏感器视场遮挡分析系统，结果表明新方法能够显著提高视场遮挡分析效率和准确率，并且为机构类部件运动过程对敏感器视场遮挡的分析提供了有效工具。     

Alfvén gravity waves in viscous solar plasma: Effect of the background flow

We study the Propagation and damping properties of Alfvén gravity waves in the presence of the vertical magnetic field in the viscous solar plasma under influence of the background flow by deriving a fourth order dispersion relation in terms of the Doppler shifted frequency. We derive the dispersion relation under WKB and Boussinesq approximation. We study the damping of Alfvén gravity waves for the wave frequencies less than and greater than the Brunt-Väisälä frequency. We find that the Brunt-Väisälä frequency divides the frequency ranges where the weakly or strongly damped oscillations occur. The background flow exhibits a strong effect on weakly damped oscillations and a weak effect on the strongly damped oscillations. We also notice that the damping of both the strong and weakly damped oscillations depend on the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and wave number. The effect of the background flow is also being governed by the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and wave number. We also study the properties of gravity wave mode after filtering the Alfvén wave mode by minimizing the magnetic field and noticed that the background flow shows a very strong effect on the gravity wave mode.     

一种基于OPTICS聚类的仅测角导航目标检测算法

仅测角自主导航方法具有设备简单、复杂度低，功耗低的优点，在空间任务中具有广泛的应用前景.针对中远距离下空间目标特征少的特点，提出了一种利用基于OPTICS聚类算法的空间目标检测方法，可用于仅测角导航过程中的目标检测.对原始星图进行预处理提取星点及目标点，并结合星图识别的结果选择部分帧，使用经过改进的OPTICS聚类方法获得目标运动轨迹.最后，使用本文中的算法对软件仿真出的含有目标的高精度星图进行处理验证了算法的可行性.在卫星相对于空间目标抵近过程中，目标检测的水平误差及垂直误差小于0.15°的帧数分别占到了85.4%以及99.6%.相比AVANTI实验中的目标检测方法，减少了在轨任务中相关参数的调节，进一步提升了算法的自主性.     

基于区间灰色不确定语言的工作类型优化方法

针对飞机维修任务工作类型优化过程中的模糊与灰色问题,采用区间灰色不确定语言变量建立工作类型的评价指标和决策模型,提出了军机维修任务工作类型优化方法。对优化方法进行了实例分析,工作类型排序结果和数据对比结果验证了优化方法的可行性与有效性。在某军机上对优化方法进行了工程应用,完成192项初始维修任务工作类型优化,应用结果表明了该优化方法具备良好的工程应用价值,可有效提升工作类型合理性。     

基于量子化、芯片化的先进计量测试技术发展动态

计量是国家质量基础的重要组成部分，产品质量的提升离不开科学、精准的计量。工业发达国家极为重视计量测试技术的发展。通过搜集、整理量子效应计量、芯片级计量等国内外大量文献资料，归纳分析了近年来国外先进计量测试技术发展动态与趋势。以量子技术和基本物理常数为基础建立量子计量基标准，将大幅提高测量准确度和稳定性，结合量子效应的微加工技术实现芯片尺度的测量等，微纳尺度计量技术也在科学研究、精密测量、智能制造等领域得到广泛应用。本文可为我国计量技术发展提供借鉴。     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

基于DOA聚类算法的ARM抗有源诱偏技术研究

有源诱偏技术是雷达对抗反辐射导弹的一种重要手段,可以大大降低反辐射导弹的作战效能。为提高对敌目标的精确打击能力,在分析闪烁诱饵诱偏原理的基础上,针对有源诱偏干扰下被动雷达测角精度与稳定度不高的问题,通过对有源诱偏信号的时域特征进行分析,提出一种基于脉冲前沿检测的DOA聚类分选算法,找出前沿超前的辐射源信号,实现了高性能抗有源诱偏干扰和高精度抗干扰测向。仿真结果表明,该技术可以有效对抗四点源有源诱偏干扰。     

非恒定增压式微尺度拉瓦尔喷管流动特性

针对微尺度喷流在航天器运动状态切换时出现的非恒定增压变化,采用直接模拟蒙特卡洛(DSMC)方法对阶跃式增压和线性式增压两种模式下的微尺度拉瓦尔喷管流场进行了模拟,并对其变化过程中的流动特性进行了对比分析。结果显示：阶跃式增压会导致流动特性出现较大幅值的峰谷式波动,而线性式增压下的流动特性则呈现出线性变化的特点;黏性力对微尺度喷流的非恒定增压变化产生了重要的黏滞作用,在喉部扩张段至出口的流场中尤为明显;在设定的条件下,阶跃式增压过程中喷流产生的总冲量较线性式增压高59.5%,质量流量高74.7%,单位工质提供的冲量低约8.6%,波动性也高于线性式模型,阶跃式增压适用于系统需要较大推力改变运动状态且推进剂充足的情况,而线性式增压在系统精确微调或需要推进剂产生更高效能时具有明显的优势。     

异构无人系统协同作战关键技术综述

针对异构无人系统的规模、异构性强弱，对异构无人系统进行了分类，引入了异构无人系统协同作战班组的概念以及应用设想，并通过城市环境中异构无人系统协同作战问题为牵引，提出了异构无人系统协同作战面临的挑战与解决思路，在此基础之上，从异构无人系统协同控制架构、协同任务规划、智能交互、目标感知、环境感知等主要方面对异构无人系统协同作战的关键技术进行了分析，最后对异构无人系统协同作战目前的研究进展与挑战进行了总结。