Heading control strategy assessment for coaxial compound helicopters

The coaxial compound helicopter has two possible strategies for heading control: collective differential and rudder deflection. A flight dynamics model is developed to assess the effect of different heading control strategies. This includes the trim characteristics, steady flight performance,controllability, and manoeuvrability. The trim study demonstrates that heading control strategies are less influential on trim results, and the steady flight performance is also not significantly affected by the heading control strategy adopted. The controllability analysis shows although heading bandwidth and phase delay results at various speeds with different heading control strategies are all satisfied, the control derivative of the collective differential decreases as speed increases, and its heading aggressive agility is degraded into Level 3 in high-speed flight. In addition, using collective differential would lead to severe heading-rolling coupling as forward speed increases. On the contrary, the control derivative and aggressive agility of the rudder deflection is improved with forward speed, and there is no evidence of heading-rolling coupling. Finally, the transient turn MissionTask-Element(MTE) is utilized to investigate the heading manoeuvre characteristics in different heading control strategies, which indicates that the collective differential would add the amplitude of control input and the power consumption during this MTE.     

涡轴发动机/直升机综合控制仿真平台设计

建立了UH-60直升机/T700涡轴发动机综合控制数字仿真平台。基于VC++环境开发了包含UH-60直升机/T700涡轴发动机综合实时模型的上位机程序,与运行机载涡轴发动机+旋翼实时模型及在线优化控制模式的下位机程序。两者基于TCP/IP协议实时通讯,可进行模拟实际直/发综合优化控制的数字仿真实验。在该数字仿真环境下,分别给出了提高直升机常规飞行性能的多种优化控制模式仿真、变旋翼转速优化控制以及快速功率跟随控制模式仿真,充分表明该平台可为新一代直/发综合系统的开发研制提供一个可靠的前期数字仿真验证。     

Training effectiveness evaluation of helicopter emergency relief based on virtual simulation

Helicopters are playing an increasingly important part in emergency relief, such as earthquake rescue, firefighting and medical transport. With the development of virtual simulation technology, virtual simulation-based training is widely used in the training of the helicopter crew especially for the dangerous and costly missions mentioned above. A complete training effectiveness evaluation method is proposed to evaluate the trainees’ training effect based on virtual simulation in this paper. A key to this method is regarding the complicated process as a discrete event-activity flow system and establishing the evaluation indicator system. Then expert group and Analytical Network Process (ANP) are applied to determine the weight of indicators. When the training data are processed, there is a novel attempt to apply Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) model to calculate the two categories of indicators. Eventually, an experiment and the analysis were carried out to validate the evaluation method.     

亚热带气象条件下直升机雷达罩常见损伤及设计对策

本文通过对亚热带气象条件下使用的部分直升机雷达罩故障统计及分析,给出了雷达罩系统在亚热带高盐雾地区使用时外观及性能的变化规律以及常见的结构损伤形式,为直升机雷达罩在该类地区更合理地使用及维修提供了较为准确的依据。同时,通过分析对比,本文还给出了亚热带气象条件下使用的直升机雷达罩在设计及制造时可以借鉴的基本原则。     

国外燃油系统的防弹抗坠毁技术

防弹抗坠毁燃油系统是为了满足武装直升机的使用环境要求,不断得到认可与发展。本文介绍了国外燃油系统的防弹抗坠毁技术要求及其运用与发展。它主要包括油箱、软管、接头,供输油系统的防弹抗坠毁要求及其综合设计技术。探讨了该项技术给予我们的借鉴作用。     

直升机机动性设计准则

首先给出了直升机机动性的定性解释，然后分析了桨盘载荷，桨叶载荷，装机功率、等六个设计参数对直升机的悬停跃升，平飞加速等六种机动飞行的影响，进而得出了这种机动性的设计准则，为武装直升机初步设计中的机动性设计提供了依据。     

关于满足海军需求的直8型直升机的改进

本文对直8型机的发展提出了改进、改型的途径,并进行探讨,以满足适应我海军部队使用的各型直8机。     

升阶谱元素在正交各向异性复合材料剪切板中的应用

本文对近年发展的一种新的有限元元素—升阶谱元素进行了探讨,并把改进过的这种元素具体应用于当代直升机广泛采用的正交各向异性复合材料层合板(厚板)问题,实例表明:采用改进过的升阶谱元素,根据应力梯度的变化来选择元素的阶次是能够收敛于正确解的,从经济角度和实用角度来看,该元素性能比较优越。     

CATIA软件Tubing Design模块应用研究

本文系统研究了CATIA软件Tubing Design模块,建立了直升机基于特征的零部件库的建库方法及组织架构,确定了直升机管路系统设计、协同设计的一般原则.针对工程实际,提出了管路设计过程中零部件装配不必严格采用摆放规则的原则以及软管建模的新方法.     

Load distribution strategy for multi-lift system with helicopters based on power consumption and robust adaptive game control

It is of great significance to reasonably distribute the slung load to each helicopter while considering difference in power consumption, relative position and interaction comprehensively. Therefore, the load distribution strategy based on power consumption and robust adaptive game control is proposed in this paper. The study is on a “2-lead” multi-lift system of four tandem helicopters carrying a load cooperatively. First, based on the hierarchical control, the load distribution problem is divided into two parts: the calculation of expected cable force and the calculation of the anti-disturbance cable force. Then, aimed at minimizing the maximum equivalent power of helicopter, an optimization problem is set up to calculate the expected cable force. Specially, the agent power model is trained by BP neural network, the safe distance constraint between helicopters is set to 2.5 rotor diameters to reduce aerodynamic interference, and the helicopters with different performance can be considered by introducing the equivalent power factor into the objective function. Next, considering the difference and interaction between helicopters, the robust adaptive differential game control is proposed to calculate the anti-disturbance cable force. Particularly, to solve the coupled Hamiltonian equations, an adaptive solving method for value function is proposed, and its stability is proved in the sense of Lyapunov. The simulation results indicate that the proposed load distribution method based on power consumption is applicable to the entire flight trajectory even there are differences between helicopters. The game control can consider interaction between helicopters, can deal with different objective functions, and has strong robustness and small steady-state error. Based on the entire strategy, the cable force can be reasonably allocated so as to resist disturbance and improve the flight performance of the whole system.