CFD predictions of LBO limits for aero-engine combustors using fuel iterative approximation

Lean blow-out (LBO) is critical to operational performance of combustion systems in propulsion and power generation. Current predictive tools for LBO limits are based on decadesold empirical correlations that have limited applicability for modern combustor designs. According to the Lefebvre’s model for LBO and classical perfect stirred reactor (PSR) concept, a load parameter (LP) is proposed for LBO analysis of aero-engine combustors in this paper. The parameters contained in load parameter are all estimated from the non-reacting flow field of a combustor that is obtained by numerical simulation. Additionally, based on the load parameter, a method of fuel iterative approximation (FIA) is proposed to predict the LBO limit of the combustor. Compared with experimental data for 19 combustors, it is found that load parameter can represent the actual combustion load of the combustor near LBO and have good relativity with LBO fuel/air ratio (FAR). The LBO FAR obtained by FIA shows good agreement with experimental data, the maximum prediction uncertainty of FIA is about ±17.5%. Because only the non-reacting flow is simulated, the time cost of the LBO limit prediction using FIA is relatively low (about 6 h for one combustor with computer equipment of CPU 2.66 GHz · 4 and 4 GB memory), showing that FIA is reliable and efficient to be used for practical applications.     

一种采用径向串联方式的组合旋涡泵设计方法

给出了一种采用径向串联方式的两级组合旋涡泵设计方法.该方法首先使用经验系数法对旋涡泵的结构参数进行初步设计,然后采用Hex/Wedge网格单元划分Proe所建立的旋涡泵三维模型的网格;进而通过CFD数值模拟反复迭代优化得出旋涡泵的最终结构参数;最后对组合旋涡泵内流场进行了仿真分析并与试验数据进行了对比分析.对比分析表明在设计点仿真数据与试验数据的相对误差不超过2％,所设计的两级组合旋涡泵达到了预期性能指标.表明该设计方法是可行、有效的.     

Active generalized predictive control of turbine tip clearance for aero-engines

Active control of turbine blade tip clearance continues to be a concern in design and control of gas turbines. Ever increasing demands for improved efficiency and higher operating temperatures require more stringent tolerances on turbine tip clearance. In this paper, a turbine tip clearance control apparatus and a model of turbine tip clearance are proposed; an implicit active generalized predictive control （GPC）, with auto-regressive （AR） error modification and fuzzy adjustment on control horizon, is presented, as well as a quantitative analysis method of robust per- turbation radius of the system. The active clearance control （ACC） of aero-engine turbine tip clear- ance is evaluated in a lapse-rate take-off transient, along with the comparative and quantitative analysis of the stability and robustness of the active tip clearance control system. The results show that the resultant active tip clearance control system with the improved GPC has favorable steadystate and dynamic performance and benefits of increased efficiency, reduced specific fuel consump- tion, and additional service life.     

航空发动机脉动式装配生产线工艺仿真关键技术研究

面向国内民用航空发动机总装批产能力建设的需求,对标国内外先进脉动式装配生产线的研发进度和实施状态,在建设规划阶段,提出了脉动式总装生产线的工艺仿真方案。阐述了脉动式总装生产线工艺仿真的主要技术内容和关键技术方向,重点对关键技术的解决方案和实施途径进行规划,包括装配网络图建模及优化、车间工艺布局及生产仿真、基于二三维关联集成仿真的虚拟产品制造,最后对脉动式生产线数字孪生体进行了展望。     

Investigation of high-speed abrasion behavior of an abradable seal rubber in aero-engine fan application

Abradable seal rubber has been widely used in aero-engine fans to improve their efficiency by reducing the clearance between rotating and stationary components. To investigate the high-speed scraping behavior between a vulcanized silicone rubber and a Ti-6Al-4V fan blade and evaluate the abradable performance of seal rubber, abrasion tests were conducted at a blade tip velocity of 50–300 m/s with an incursion rate of 100 lm/s. The influences of the blade tip velocity on the wear mechanism and interaction forces were specially analyzed. It is shown that abrasive wear and pattern wear are the predominant wear mechanisms, and pattern wear can be seen as the emergence and propagation of cracks. With an increase of the blade tip velocity, both of the final incursion depth and wear mass loss of seal rubber exhibit growth trends. The gradual changes of rubbing forces with an increase of rubbing time are the characteristic of abrasive wear, and force curves with unstable mutations are a reflection of pattern wear. At a constant incursion rate of 100 lm/s, the maximum values of interaction forces decrease first and then grow with an increase of the blade tip velocity, and the blade tip velocity of 150 m/s becomes the cut-off point between abrasive wear and pattern wear.     

中心分级燃烧室进场工况燃油分级方式试验研究

设计了一种贫头部中心分级燃烧室,在大推力发动机进场工况参数下,采用单头部矩形试验件,进行了污染排放测试试验,对比了预燃级单独供油、主预两级共同供油、全环主燃级周向分级三种方式的燃烧效率、氮氧化物(NO x)和冒烟(Smoke)排放。试验结果表明,进场工况下,设计的中心分级燃烧室采用预燃级单独供油方式时具有较高的燃烧效率,但NO x排放指数也较高,超过了指标要求;主预两级共同供油方式可获得较低的NO x排放,但燃烧效率难以达到指标;在合理的燃油分配比例下,全环主燃级周向分级方式燃烧效率和NO x排放能够同时满足指标要求;3种燃油分级方式下,冒烟数都远低于指标要求。     

航空发动机状态变量模型的QPSO寻优混合求解法

针对航空发动机控制和故障诊断中的状态变量模型求解存在的系数矩阵精度不高的问题,结合阶跃响应法和拟合法的基础上,提出了一种基于量子粒子群寻优（QPSO）求取发动机状态变量模型的混合求解法。QPSO优化算法求解A,C矩阵使得状态变量模型和非线性模型在动态过程具有较好的吻合,阶跃响应法求取B,D矩阵保证了模型稳态响应一致。利用混合求解法建立了某型涡轴发动机在某一稳态工作点下的小偏离状态变量模型。仿真结果表明,这种方法不仅增强了状态变量模型的求解精度,相对于单纯的拟合法缩短了求解时间,精确的状态变量模型为进一步的故障诊断和控制系统设计提供了条件。     

An aero-engine life-cycle maintenance policy optimization algorithm: Reinforcement learning approach

An aero-engine maintenance policy plays a crucial role in reasonably reducing maintenance cost. An aero-engine is a type of complex equipment with long service-life. In engineering,a hybrid maintenance strategy is adopted to improve the aero-engine operational reliability. Thus,the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy should be considered synchronously in aero-engine maintenance policy optimization. This paper proposes an aero-engine life-cycle maintenance policy optimization algorithm that synchronously considers the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy. The reinforcement learning approach was adopted to illustrate the optimization framework, in which maintenance policy optimization was formulated as a Markov decision process. In the reinforcement learning framework, the Gauss–Seidel value iteration algorithm was adopted to optimize the maintenance policy. Compared with traditional aero-engine maintenance policy optimization methods, the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy could be addressed synchronously by the proposed algorithm. Two numerical experiments and algorithm analyses were performed to illustrate the optimization algorithm in detail.     

浅谈《航空发动机原理》课程教学方法改革

结合《航空发动机原理》课程的教学实践,针对其涉及多门学科,并且实践性比较强的课程特点,阐述了如何运用分类模块式教学法、研究讨论式教学法、模拟式现场教学法和作业自由化教学法等多种方法来进行教学改革,培养学生对课程的浓厚兴趣,从而提高课程教学质量。     

新型高可靠性主燃油控制装置设计仿真研究

为了提高主燃油控制装置的可靠性,在设计方案中增加了泵转换单元和计量转换活门。泵转换单元连接燃油计量子系统和导叶作动子系统,计量转换活门连接主燃油电液伺服阀与热计量电液伺服阀,实现了泵源备份和计量控制备份功能。通过AMESim建立的主燃油控制装置的数学模型对两个新增备份转换装置及功能进行了性能仿真,重点分析了备份切换过程中压力、流量等参数的波动情况。仿真结果表明:泵备份切换和计量备份切换过程引起的燃油波动都能在较短时间内恢复,分别为0.3s和1s。主燃油控制装置在单泵源状态工作时,导叶作动子系统工作正常,对计量燃油子系统的影响极小。