Sensitivity analysis of flowfield modeling parameters upon the flow structure and aerodynamics of an opposing jet over a hypersonic blunt body

Implementation of an opposing jet in design of a hypersonic blunt body significantly modifies the external flowfield and yields a considerable reduction in the aerodynamic drag. This study aims to investigate the effects of flowfield modeling parameters of injection and freestream on the flow structure and aerodynamics of a blunt body with an opposing jet in hypersonic flow. Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with a Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model are employed to simulate the intricate jet flow interaction. Through utilizing a Non-Intrusive Polynomial Chaos (NIPC) method to construct surrogates, a functional relation is established between input modeling parameters and output flowfield and aerodynamic quantities in concern. Sobol indices in sensitivity analysis are introduced to represent the relative contribution of each parameter. It is found that variations in modeling parameters produce large variations in the flow structure and aerodynamics. The jet-to-freestream total-pressure ratio, jet Mach number, and freestream Mach number are the major contributors to variation in surface pressure, demonstrating an evident location-dependent behavior. The penetration length of injection, reattachment angle of the shear layer, and aerodynamic drag are also most sensitive to the three crucial parameters above. In comparison, the contributions of freestream temperature, freestream density, and jet total temperature are nearly negligible.     

扫频式射流对涡轮叶栅间隙泄漏流动影响的数值研究

为控制涡轮叶栅中叶顶间隙泄漏流动和改善涡轮气动性能,将扫频式射流器(SJA)作为一种主动流动控制方法应用在涡轮叶栅的研究中。通过非定常数值计算,分析了SJA对涡轮叶栅叶顶间隙流动的作用过程以及作用机理,并且研究了不同工况下SJA对涡轮叶顶流场改善效果以及不同频率的SJA对叶顶流场的影响。结果表明:通过在涡轮叶栅上端壁增加单个SJA装置,可以有效地延迟上端壁的流动分离,其中最佳方案射流流量仅为进口总流量的0.35%,涡轮叶栅出口截面总压损失系数减少了11.48%。存在着最佳的频率284Hz,使SJA装置对流场的作用效果最佳,有效地改善了涡轮叶栅内的间隙流动。     

超跨声速喷流流场的PIV测量

对示踪粒子发生装置和几种粒子的特性进行了实验研究 ,发现压缩空气流中自然存在的润滑油粒子在跟随性、分布的均匀性和稳定性、以及浓度方面对于PIV测量都非常有利。实验成功地应用PIV技术对超跨声速喷流流场进行了测量 ,初步分析了测量结果与理论的差异 ,并分析了实验的可靠性和精度。     

发动机故障诊断主状态量模型的数学模型

发动机故障诊断的一种主要方法是根据故障方程和发动机性能参数的测量值确定故障的类别和故障程度,故障方程组通常是亚定的。主状态量模型是求解亚定的故障方程的有效方法。主状态量模型的主要内容是根据最少故障原理,利用最优化方法求解然后根据合理性准则选择合理最优解。本文详细地讨论了主状态量模型可能采用的数学模型,并且指出:(1)主状态量模型可以采用不同的数学模型求解;(2)并非所有的数学模型都能给出合理的结果。本文的研究结果表明,约束或无约束超定最小二乘法和单个优选的散度法是发动机故障诊断主状态量模型的理想算法,而本文中所讨论的其他算法都或多或少存在一定的问题。     

提高飞行器升力的若干方法研究

本研究用数值模拟方法研究了四种增升方法。数据模拟的出发方程是可压流的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，格式为Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ格式的改进型。通过上述方法分别研究了：（１）动界效应对提高升力的作用；（２）涡的有利干扰对主升力面的影响；（３）吸气的驻涡增效应；（４）升力面下表面向下喷气的增升作用。研究结果表明，采用上述四种方法可有效地提高飞行器的升力，对改善飞行器的性能有着十分重要的意义。     

Experimental investigation and correlation development of jet impingement heat transfer with two rows of aligned jet holes on an internal surface of a wing leading edge

Extensive experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of two rows of aligned jet holes impinging on a concave surface in a wing leading edge were conducted, where50000 Rej 90000, 1.74 H/d 27.5, 66° a 90°, and 13.2 r/d 42.03. The finding was that the heat transfer performance at the jet-impingement stagnation point with two rows of aligned jet holes was the same as that with a single row of jet holes or the middle row of three-row configurations when the circumferential angle of the two jet holes was larger than 30°. The attenuation coefficient distribution of the jet impingement heat transfer in the chordwise direction was so complicated that two zones were divided for a better analysis. It indicated that: the attenuation coefficient curve in the jet impingement zone exhibited an approximate upside-down bell shape with double peaks and a single valley; the attenuation coefficient curve in the non-jet impingement zone was like a half-bell shape, which was similar to that with three rows of aligned jet holes; the factors,including Rej, H/d and r/d, affected the attenuation coefficient value at the valley significantly.When r/d was increased from 30.75 to 42.03, the attenuation rates of attenuation coefficient increased only by 1.8%. Consequently, experimental data-based correlation equations of the Nusselt number for the heat transfer at the jet-impingement stagnation point and the distributionof the attenuation coefficient in the chordwise direction were acquired, which play an important role in designing the wing leading edge anti-icing system with two rows of aligned jet holes.     

2级脉冲爆震发动机中超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦试验研究

为研究2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流及结构参数对撞诱导激波聚焦的影响规律,在冷态条件下开展了2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦的试验。分析了喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷管间距、尾喷管角度、射流入射压力等参数对凹面腔底部峰值压力的影响。结果表明:喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷口间距、射流入射压力越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越大,激波聚焦效果越好;尾喷管角度越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越小,激波聚焦效果越差;喷口宽度、导流环深度、射流入射压力对激波聚焦的影响较大。     

基于数值模拟的燃气舵轴向位置优化分析

为了优化燃气舵的安装位置,应用fluent软件对燃气舵三维湍流流场结构进行了分析,在此基础上就燃气舵安装位置对燃气舵流场的影响进行了数值模拟.通过数值模拟得到燃气舵在不同轴向位置、耳片长度和舵偏角下绕流流场的复杂波系结构,绘制了燃气舵在不同舵偏角下升力的变化曲线,给出了燃气舵可以提供的升力参量随舵偏角度变化的规律.通过分析,确定了燃气舵的轴向安装位置,数值模拟和实验结果相符.     

针栓式喷注单元膜束撞击雾化混合过程数值模拟

为了全面认识针栓式喷注器喷雾场结构，基于自适应网格加密技术和分三相计算的PLIC VOF（Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation Volume of Fluid）方法对针栓式喷注单元膜束撞击雾化混合过程进行了仿真分析，通过对两路推进剂分别进行界面追踪，获得了膜束撞击雾化混合过程的详细结构特征，与高速摄影试验结果定性定量对比均吻合较好，验证了数值方法的准确性。以此为基础对膜束撞击的喷雾场结构、撞击变形过程、流场涡结构、雾化破碎典型特征及破碎后的雾化混合分布特征进行了识别分析，结果表明：膜束撞击形成了液束未穿透液膜和液束穿透液膜2种不同的喷雾扇结构。膜束撞击形成的喷雾扇呈"Ω"形，膜束同时发生弯曲变形和横截面变形。另外，膜束撞击同时受到正压和剪切应力作用，导致了一系列复杂涡流现象，使得相互作用增强，雾化混合均增强，这也是膜束撞击喷注构型优于膜膜撞击的本质原因。最后，还发现膜束撞击喷雾场液滴分布呈现分区结构特征，分别是液束控制主导的上雾化区、液膜控制主导的下雾化区及夹在中间的混合区，实际中应兼顾雾化特性和混合特性，选取中等动量比膜束撞击，这可为针栓式喷注器的理论研究和工程设计提供重要参考。     

绕圆头回转体通气空化流型的实验研究

为了深入了解通气空化流动现象,利用高速全流场显示技术,对绕圆头回转体通气空化流型进行实验研究。结果表明,重力效应和通气量对通气空化的多相流流型起主要作用。定义了弗洛德数和通气率两个无量纲数,将绕圆头回转体通气空化分为5种多相流流型,即透明空泡、透明气弹、透明分层、水气混合以及半透明水气混合。流动参数对流型的影响分为2个阶段,即重力起主要作用阶段和重力效应不明显阶段。在重力起主要作用阶段,通气率一定时,随着弗洛德数的增大,附着弹体的空泡倾斜程度变小,弹体上表面的断裂空泡转变为贴着弹体壁面的稳定空泡;弗洛德数一定时,随着通气率的增大弹体上表面断裂空泡的尺度不断增大。在重力效应不明显阶段,通气率一定时,随着弗洛德数的增大,雷诺数变大,流场的湍流强度增大,空泡尾流区域水气交换的程度加剧;弗洛德数一定时,随着通气率的增大,通气空化数减小,绕弹体的云雾状空泡逐渐转变为透明空泡。最后,进一步分析了重力影响下透明空泡脱落的非定常过程,以及反向射流作用下云雾状空泡交替脱落的非定常过程。