基于MBSE的飞机大部件智能装配能力建设方法

飞机大部件智能装配能力建设涉及领域多、范围广,多学科、多专业交叉融合特点显著,是一项复杂的系统工程。近年来,飞机智能装配能力建设已实现相当程度的单点技术突破与应用,但并未达到全局最优,亟需采用科学的方法对智能装配体系能力建设进行整体规划与全局优化。提出采用基于模型的系统工程(Model-Based Systems Engineering,MBSE),科学开展飞机大部件智能装配体系能力建设的方法研究,逐级明确、细化智能装配能力建设需求与技术方案,构建相对应的数字模型并采用仿真技术进行不断验证、迭代优化,最终实现智能装配能力效能的最大化。     

大部件对接中iGPS高精度位姿测量优化设计

 为保证大部件对接位姿测量精度,提高对接测量效率,实现大部件最优位姿装配,提出了基于iGPS测量系统的大部件对接位姿测量优化设计方法。首先,基于iGPS系统测量模型和不确定度模型建立对接测量网络,并对其网络测量精度进行仿真分析,优化设计了对接测量网络iGPS多发射器的布站方式;其次,基于对大部件位姿参数求解模型及不确定度模型的仿真分析,优化设计了调姿基准点的布设方式;最后,对某机型大部件对接进行了位姿测量方式的对比实验。结果表明,经过位姿测量优化设计后,大部件对接测量x、y、z的位置调整不确定度均小于0.16 mm,姿态滚转角、俯仰角和偏航角的角度调整不确定度均小于3.1",相较于未经布站优化设计的测量方式,精度至少提高了20%。由此证明该测量优化设计方案能够高效、高精度地对移动大部件进行实时位姿测量,在有效提高大部件对接位姿测量效率及精度方面是可行的。     

Deformation Behavior of Medium-strength TA18 High-pressure Tubes During NC Bending with Different Bending Radii

To improve the forming quality and forming limit of the numerical control (NC) bending of high-pressure titanium alloy tubes, in this study, using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method, deformation behavior of medium-strength TA18 high-pressure tubes during NC bending with different bending radii is investigated. The results show that the cross-sectional deformation and the wall thickness variation during NC bending of TA18 tubes using a small bending radius (less than 2 times of tube outside diameter) are clearly different from that using a normal bending radius (between 2 and 4 times of tube outside diameter). For bending with a normal bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the distribution of the flattening in the bending area resembles a platform and an asymmetric parabola, respectively. For bending with a small bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the flattening both distributes like a parabola, but the former has a stable peak which deflects toward the initial bending section, and the latter has a more pronounced peak with a bending angle and deflects slightly toward the bending section. The wall thickness variations with a normal bending radius, with and without a mandrel, both resemble a platform when the bending angle exceeds a certain angle. For the bending with a small radius, the distribution of the wall thickness variation without a mandrel follows an approximate parabola which increases in value as the bending angle increases. If a mandrel is used, the thickening ratio increases from the initial bending section to the bending section.     

Springback prediction of thick-walled high-strength titanium tube bending

Significant springback occurs after tube rotary-draw-bending （RDB）, especially for a high-strength Ti-3A1-2.5V tube （HSTT） due to its high ratio of yield strength to Young＇s modulus. The combination scheme of explicit and implicit is preferred to predict the springback. This simulation strategy includes several numerical parameters, such as element type, number of elements through thickness （NEL）, element size, etc. However, the influences of these parameters on spring- back prediction accuracy are not fully understood. Thus, taking the geometrical specification 9.525 mm × 0.508 mm ofa HSTT as the objective, the effects of numerical parameters on prediction accuracy and computation efficiency of springback simulation of HSTT RDB are investigated. The simulated springback results are compared with experimental ones. The main results are： （1） solid and continuum-shell elements predict the experimental results well; （2） for C3DSR elements, NEL of at least 3 is required to obtain reliable results and a relative error of 29% can occur as NEL is varied in the range of 1-3; （3） specifying damping factor typically works well in Abaqus/Emplicit simulation of springback and the springback results are sensitive to the magnitude of damping factor. In addition, the explanations of the effect rules are given and a guideline is added.     

CFD方法在背负式进气道堵锥风洞试验模型设计中的应用

在飞机的测力风洞试验中,为了模拟进气口附近流场,通常在进气道前设计堵锥,但对于背负式进气道飞机,常规的进气道堵锥设计可能不再适用。本文通过CFD方法进行了进气道堵锥类型的选择,使试验中风洞模型进气道附近流场的流态具有更高的相似性。     

优化设计技术在民机结构设计中的应用

基于HyperWorks结构优化设计软件,对某型民用飞机平尾后缘舱铰链支架进行优化设计,在给定的边界条件下通过拓扑优化技术寻找出在优化空间内的最体材料布局,介绍了优化设计技术在飞机结构设计技术中的应用,探讨拓扑优化、尺寸优化、形状优化在飞机结构件设计技术中的应用。     

基于经济性的公务机升阻特性优化展望

在可预见的未来,高性能、高效能的公务机将在世界公务机市场中日益重要。基于提高公务机空气动力效率的目的,讨论了未来可能应用于工程实际的升阻优化技术的优缺点,并展望了其应用前景。     

飞机铝合金结构件数控加工变形分析与控制

以飞机机翼翼肋铝合金结构件这一典型易变形的零件为例,研究数控加工变形情况及其影响因素,主要研究残余应力对加工变形的影响.采用理论建模、有限元分析和实验验证相结合的方法分析和对比数控加工中零件变形情况;分析了工件内残余应力分布,用有限元软件提供的热机耦合功能,以温度场模拟施加铝合金的残余应力分布;分析和模拟了去除材料对工件变形的影响;用经过改进的顺序静态单元生死方法进行切削过程的仿真和改进,并对仿真所得的零件变形量与实际加工测量结果进行了比较,验证了分析方法和所建立模型的有效性;最后提出了控制数控加工变形的解决方案.     

飞机对称着陆及滑跑仿真分析

主要建立了全机和支柱式起落架缓冲支柱的数值模型,并进行了着陆和滑跑仿真计算。建模主要考虑了缓冲支柱的初始压力、初始容积、油孔面积、活塞面积、缓冲支柱行程等参数。同时给出了飞机在对称着陆和滑跑时的运动学公式,推导了缓冲支柱和轮胎垂直力的计算公式。建立了数值模型并进行着陆和不同跑道的滑跑仿真计算,这对飞机设计和指导起落架试验具有一定工程实用价值。     

飞机复杂蒙皮拉形模具型面设计方法

针对目前复杂蒙皮拉形工艺中拉形模的设计没有实用、详细设计方法的情况,从改善毛料拉形过程中的应变分布出发,提出了一种基于"截面线等长"的拉形模型面设计方法,即通过工艺补充面的灵活设计,实现模具沿各个拉伸方向上的截面线长度趋于一致,以使毛料在贴模后各个截面的延伸率尽可能的接近,再通过工艺补充面的曲率和切向的调整,使毛料在拉形时应变分布更加均匀,以减少甚至避免与应变分布相关的各种缺陷的出现.通过某型号飞机复杂蒙皮零件模具型面的设计及拉形过程的有限元模拟分析,验证了这一拉形模具型面设计方法的合理性和有效性.