An optimization method for metamorphic mechanisms based on multidisciplinary design optimization

The optimization of metamorphic mechanisms is different from that of the conventional mechanisms for its characteristics of multi-configuration. There exist complex coupled design variables and constraints in its multiple different configuration optimization models. To achieve the compatible optimized results of these coupled design variables, an optimization method for metamorphic mechanisms is developed in the paper based on the principle of multidisciplinary design optimization（MDO）. Firstly, the optimization characteristics of the metamorphic mechanism are summarized distinctly by proposing the classification of design variables and constraints as well as coupling interactions among its different configuration optimization models. Further, collaborative optimization technique which is used in MDO is adopted for achieving the overall optimization performance. The whole optimization process is then proposed by constructing a two-level hierarchical scheme with global optimizer and configuration optimizer loops. The method is demonstrated by optimizing a planar five-bar metamorphic mechanism which has two configurations,and results show that it can achieve coordinated optimization results for the same parameters in different configuration optimization models.     

Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization of Multistage Ground-launched Boost Phase Interceptor Using Hybrid Search Algorithm

This article proposes a multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO) strategy for the conceptual design of a multistage ground-based interceptor (GBI) using hybrid optimization algorithm, which associates genetic algorithm (GA) as a global optimizer with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) as a local optimizer. The interceptor is comprised of a three-stage solid propulsion system for an exoatmospheric boost phase intercept (BPI). The interceptor's duty is to deliver a kinetic kill vehicle (KKV) to the optimal position in space to accomplish the mission of intercept. The modules for propulsion, aerodynamics, mass properties and flight dynamics are integrated to produce a high fidelity model of the entire vehicle. The propulsion module comprises of solid rocket motor (SRM) grain design, nozzle geometry design and performance prediction analysis. Internal ballistics and performance prediction parameters are calculated by using lumped parameter method. The design objective is to minimize the gross lift off mass (GLOM) of the interceptor under the mission constraints and performance objectives. The proposed design and optimization methodology provide designers with an efficient and powerful approach in computation during designing interceptor systems.     

基于多岛遗传-模拟退火算法的气动外形优化

针对超声速翼型滑翔机的气动外形优化问题,提出了一种多岛遗传算法与模拟退火算法相结合的混合优化算法。首先,通过多岛遗传算法产生一个随机的初始种群,找到全局最优点附近区域的一个次优解;然后,将此次优解作为模拟退火算法的初值启动退火进程,缩小设计空间的范围,找到全局最优解。优化结果表明,所提混合算法可以有效地解决飞行器外形优化问题;在数量巨大的设计空间中,滑翔机的最优气动外形能够以较低的计算资源代价快速得到;双弧形翼型的气动特性较六边形翼型更有优势,叉形尾翼的静稳定性和控制效率高于十字形;优化后的外形极大地增加了滑翔机的滑翔距离。     

航空发动机结构可靠性优化方法研究

通过采用多项式响应面的近似模型和模拟退火寻优技术．建立了航空发动机结构可靠性优化方法：采用多项式响应面为近似模型构造状态变量和目标函数与设计变量的关系,并采用模拟退火算法对响应面模型进行寻优,通过替代距离目标最远点,重构响应面进行模拟退火寻优。涡轮盘结构可靠性优化分析算例结果表明,涡轮盘结构在满足强度和寿命可靠性约束前...     

A Hybrid Optimization Approach for SRM FINOCYL Grain Design

This article presents a method to design and optimize 3D FINOCYL grain （FCG） configuration for solid rocket motors （SRMs）. The design process of FCG configuration involves mathematical modeling of the geometry and parametric evaluation of various independent geometric variables that define the complex configuration. Virtually infinite combinations of these variables will satisfy the requirements of mass of propellant, thrust, and burning time in addition to satisfying basic needs for volumetric loading fraction and web fraction. In order to ensure the acquisition of the best possible design to be acquired, a sound approach of design and optimization is essentially demanded. To meet this need, a method is introduced to acquire the finest possible performance. A series of computations are carried out to formulate the grain geometry in terms of various combinations of key shapes inclusive of ellipsoid, cone, cylinder, sphere, torus, and inclined plane. A hybrid optimization （HO） technique is established by associating genetic algorithm （GA） for global solution convergence with sequential quadratic programming （SQP） for further local convergence of the solution, thus achieving the final optimal design. A comparison of the optimal design results derived from SQP, GA, and HO algorithms is presented. By using HO technique, the parameter of propellant mass is optimized to the minimum value with the required level of thrust staying within the constrained burning time, nozzle and propellant parameters, and a fixed length and outer diameter of grain.     

基于N-S方程的跨声速翼型多目标多约束优化设计

本文将粘性流场分析和数值优化方法耦合起来，发展了一种跨声速翼型设计方法，用以提高翼型在一个或多个设计点、在多种约束条件下的气动性能。由粘性流场分析程序计算得到的升力、阻力等气动参数构成目标函数，数值优化程序对其进行最小化。粘性流场分析采用了雷数平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程，这比过去翼型设计中使用的全速势方程或Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程更能模拟流动的本质，因而设计结果的可靠性大大提高了。优化算法采用传统的拟牛顿法（Ｑｕａｓｉ     

考虑工程约束的高可信度气动外形优化设计

实际气动设计中遇到的工程问题较为复杂,然而能够用于实际工程设计的高可信度气动外形优化设计工具较少.基于飞行器设计工程实际中的各种复杂气动约束和几何约束要求,集成高可信度非结构网格RANS方程求解器、弹簧比拟网格变形技术、FFD外形参数化、RBF代理模型、粒子群优化器,构建多设计点气动外形优化设计工具,并应用于先进低速层流翼型和高亚声速超临界机翼的气动外形优化设计中(包括单设计点和多设计点),进行考虑/不考虑气动约束和几何约束的气动外形优化设计分析.结果表明:多设计点气动外形优化设计工具有效,约束条件和智能优化器自动有效地引导了层流翼型和亚声速机翼外形的有利改变.     

Design and Optimization of 3D Radial Slot Grain Configuration

Upper stage solid rocket motors (SRMS) for launch vehicles require a highly efficient propulsion system. Grain design proves to be vital in terms of minimizing inert mass by adopting a high volumetric efficiency with minimum possible sliver. In this article, a methodology has been presented for designing three-dimensional (3D) grain configuration of radial slot for upper stage solid rocket motors. The design process involves parametric modeling of the geometry in computer aided design (CAD) software through...     

隐身性能约束的多目标气动外形优化设计

从飞机外形设计的总体、气动和隐身设计要求出发,根据多目标优化的基本概念,将Pareto方法与遗传优化搜索相结合,并采用了群体排序、基于共享机制的小生境技术和Pareto解集过滤器等技术使解集具有良好分布特性,在此基础上建立了一套可满足飞行器外形气动/隐身一体化综合优化设计优化模型和优化方法。文中针对飞行器外形优化设计要求,提出了复杂外形参数化和设计变量的选取原则。并根据某飞行器设计要求,进行了在以隐身特性为约束条件下,以亚声速和超声速气动特性为设计目标的飞行器外形综合优化设计,取得了良好的优化设计结果。     

基于混合多目标粒子群算法的飞行器气动布局设计

 为了提高多目标优化算法求解非劣解集的效率,在多目标粒子群算法的基本框架中引入了Pareto过滤算子、小生境技术和模拟退火算法,建立了全新的混合多目标粒子群算法。该算法具有运算收敛快,所得非劣解集分布均匀、广泛的特点。将其应用于求解以升阻比和效用体积最大化为目标的再入式高超声速飞行器气动布局多目标优化设计模型,将计算结果与原始多目标粒子群算法的计算结果进行对比,体现出本文提出的混合多目标粒子群算法能够更加有效地求解复杂多目标优化设计问题的非劣解集,从而为多目标决策提供有力的支持。     

固体火箭发动机三维药柱燃面自动化设计方法研究

提出了一种三维药柱燃面自动化设计的新方法：根据设计者输入的设计指标和全局参数值,自动确定一系列药柱结构可选方案,自动对每一个结构方案进行药形几何参数的优化设计,自动对结构方案进行优选,并确定出可行的药柱设计方案,输出燃面设计结果。经实例设计,表明该方法是切实可行的。     

基于DFFD技术的翼型气动优化设计

开展了直接操作自由变形（DFFD）技术在翼型参数化及翼型气动外形优化设计中的应用研究,应用该方法可以对翼型形状进行直接操纵和精细的局部修型,从而在一定程度上克服了自由变形（FFD）技术无法直接指定几何外形变形量的局限性。通过最小二乘模式根据翼型表面直接操作点的位移求解各个FFD控制点相应的位移,将翼型设计参数从FFD控制点转化为翼型表面的直接操作点,从而有效地减少了高阶FFD控制体进行翼型参数化时的设计参数个数。算例表明,相比于FFD方法,DFFD方法不仅具备直接操纵翼型几何外形的能力,更具物理直观性,并且比FFD方法具有更好的局部变形特性。运用该技术结合遗传算法对RAE2822翼型进行了气动减阻设计,显著减小了设计状态下翼型的阻力,并且可以有效施加如前后梁位置翼型厚度等工程实用的几何约束,证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于两相法的机翼结构几何优化设计

针对机翼结构的几何优化问题,提出了一种基于两相法的几何优化设计新方法。采用参数化命令流文件进行有限元建模,利用复合形法进行位置优化,利用MSC/NASTRAN进行尺寸优化,并将尺寸优化结果传递给复合形法作为复合形法进行操作的依据。算例表明,本文所提方法可行,所得结果可信度高。     

基于代理模型的气动外形优化

探讨了一种将CAD软件、CFD商用软件与代理模型相结合的飞机气动外形优化方法。重点介绍建立气动分析代理模型的过程,这一过程包括确定设计变量及其取值范围、生成试验设计点、建立参数化几何模型、CFD数值计算、提取气动特性和构造代理模型。通过一个简单的机翼气动外形优化算例验证了这种方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于WEB的固体火箭发动机集成设计平台

为满足固体火箭发动机设计过程对集成的需求,开发了一个基于WEB的发动机集成设计平台,提出了采用J2EE技术构建基于WEB的集成设计平台方案,建立了集成设计平台体系结构,分析了体系结构中每一层内涵,重点对集成平台功能框架层进行了详细分析,给出了基于J2EE的平台软件实现方案。平台实现了发动机设计过程中应用集成、信息集成和过程集成,能够支持优化设计和分布式设计人员的协同工作。通过在某翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机设计中的应用实例表明,该平台能够有效提高设计效率和质量,显著缩短设计周期。     

Preliminary design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motor

In this paper,design and optimization technique of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors has been discussed.In doing so,the design objectives and constraints have been set,geometric parameters identified,performance prediction parameters calculated,thereafter preliminary designs completed and finally optimal design reached.Geometric model for slotted tube grain configuration has been developed.Average thrust has been taken as the objective function with constraints of burning time,mass of propellant,fixed length and diameter of chamber case.Lumped parameter method has been used for calculating the performance prediction parameters.A set of preliminary designs has been completed and an analysis of these results conducted.Although all the preliminary results fulfill the design requirements in terms of objective function and constraints,however in order to attain the optimal design,Sequential quadratic programming optimization technique has been adopted.As the slotted tube grain geometry is totally dependent upon various independent variables and each of these variables has a bearing on explicit characteristic of grain designing,hence affects of the independent variables on performance parameters have been examined,thus variation laws have been developed.Basing on the variation laws and the analysis of preliminary design results,upper and lower limits have been defined for the independent geometric variables and an initial guess provided for conducting optimization.Results attained exhibits that an optimal result has been attained and the value of objective function has been maximized.All the design constraint limits have also been met while ensuring sound values of volumetric loading fraction,web fraction and neutrality.This methodology of design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors can be used by engineers as a reference guide for actual design and engineering purposes.      

Internal ballistic simulation of multi-burning-rate solid rocket motor based on parameterized feature CAD model

Internal ballistic simulation (IBS) method of multi-burning-rate solid rocket motor (SRM) was developed based on 3-D burning regression method by parameterized feature CAD model (PFCADM) and lumped parameter, in consideration of time-dependent, erosive-burning-effect from internal ballistic numerical algorithm. By driving multi-parameter CAD model based on PFCADM, the approach is capable of conducting the geometric regression simulation of various grain combinations of complex configurations with different burning rates. Through suitably simplifying the internal ballistic numerical algorithm, the problems of coupling geometric regression simulation of sub-grains of different burning rates and high computational consumption of internal ballistic calculation were solved. One tri-burning-rate grain motor, which had been firing-tested, was used as the validation case of simulation. The results show that, with the 3-D grain regression model and sufficient accurate internal ballistic algorithm, the method realizes IBS of the case in low computational-consumption prediction of its performance within the accuracy of 2% during 1h clock-time. The application of the method provides a practical approach to aid SRM design of multi-burning-rate grain.      

多学科设计优化在非常规布局飞机总体设计中的应用

以飞翼布局飞机总体设计为例,展示如何将多学科设计优化(MDO)方法有效地应用于非常规布局飞机总体设计.基于二级优化方法,提出一种飞机总体MDO实施流程.该流程包括系统级优化、子系统级优化(或评估)和多学科模型生成器3个部分.系统级优化的任务是优化全局设计变量,使系统目标最优.子系统级优化涉及的学科包括气动、隐身、结构、...     

基于模拟退火算法的防空作战布局优化

在防空导弹武器系统的作战布局优化中使用模拟退火算法,选取适当的 Ｂｏｌｔｚｍ ａｎｎ 常数, 结合基于随机服务系统理论的作战效能分析数学模型,得到了较为快捷的定量优化武器系统作战布局的方法。     

GDPP——一个实用的CAD软件包

 GDPP建立了飞机外形的快速设计、优化设计以及全机超音速面积律零升波阻分析计算、全机座舱360°视野检查及总视野包络图自动生成程序。设计计算采用交互方式进行,图形显示及绘图贯串于设计始终,使外形设计以工程分析为基础,优化设计为手段,大大提高