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Fiber optic gyroscopes (FOG) are solid-state rotation sensors that are appropriate for a wide variety of applications. In addition to becoming competitive with ring laser gyroscopes on new programs, FOGs are being manufactured to replace spinning wheel gyro technology in existing programs. The FOG brings with it the advantages of long life, high reliability, input axis stability, and low acceleration sensitivity. The AlliedSignal pointing grade fiber gyroscope was designed to replace a high-performance mechanical gyroscope currently made by AlliedSignal. Detailed passive thermal design, gyro assembly techniques, methods for rejecting light source intensity noise, and light source wavelength control are critical features that have been developed to produce a FOG with low noise, stable bias, and a stable and linear scale factor. Results of performance tests and error models indicate that these gyros have a capability for random walk of 0.0002 degrees/≠ hour and bias stability of 0.001 degrees/hour 相似文献
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Transient performance of a single-axis rate gyroscope mounted in a spacecraft which is spinning about the spin axis of the gyro is presented. Analytical expressions for various time-domain and frequency-domain specifications as functions of the spin rate of the vehicle are obtained. Numerical results are presented which are useful in selecting the gyro parameters if it is to be used for the measurements of the angular velocity in spinning space vehicles. 相似文献
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核磁共振陀螺具有体积小、精度高、功耗低等优势,有望成为下一代惯性导航系统的核心部件,目前正受到人们的广泛关注。比较全面的介绍了核磁共振陀螺的基本理论,在此基础上利用时间离散化方法推导并建立了能够充分考虑核磁共振陀螺系统动态特性的仿真模型。利用该模型研究分析了锁相环相位、磁场、温度以及探测光强在1×10-5均方根幅度下均匀白噪声对陀螺信号的影响,发现它们对角随机游走、零偏不稳定性影响依次减小,且都具有自身独特的频率响应特性。其中,锁相环相位噪声引起的角随机游走与零偏不稳定性分别为5.1985×102(°)/h1/2、3.4593×103(°)/h,而探测光强噪声引起的角随机游走与零偏不稳定性分别为3.1623×10-1(°)/h1/2、4.7603×10-1(°)/h。该研究对深入分析核磁共振陀螺动力学机理、寻找主要噪声来源、提高陀螺性能具有重要意义。 相似文献
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由低精度光纤陀螺(Fiber Optical Gyroscope,FOG)组成的寻北仪具有结构简单、成本低的优点,但易受地磁和车上复杂外部环境的影响.针对低精度FOG存在地磁零位,寻北仪对外部晃动敏感的缺陷,通过对陀螺进行地磁零位补偿保证陀螺零偏稳定性,在此基础上提出了基于惯性系的双位置寻北算法.算法分别在两个对位进行惯性系寻北,利用双位置对消原理获得不受陀螺固定零偏影响的方位角并完成水平陀螺固定零偏的估计.实验结果表明,陀螺零偏稳定性0.15(°)/h,加速度计零偏稳定性150μg的惯性器件精度下,车上寻北误差1倍标准差小于4.5mil、极差小于10mil、对准时间小于5min.与传统双位置算法相比,所提算法在晃动基座条件下具有对准精度高,环境适应性强的优点. 相似文献
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陀螺是航天器控制系统中的关键姿态敏感器,其主要采取冗余措施进行配置。针对航天器控制系统设计中如何进行陀螺冗余配置的问题,提出了一种确定最优冗余陀螺配置的方法,该方法综合考虑了系统的可靠性、精度、成本代价等综合指标。首先,以工程中普遍采用的陀螺斜置式为对象,系统性给出了陀螺斜置式的安装结构,并以测量误差最小为目标确定出确定安装数目下的最优陀螺冗余安装结构。其次,结合实际工程经验对陀螺冗余配置的综合性能指标进行详细系统的分析。然后,利用优化评价方法以综合指标为基础对不同安装数目下的陀螺冗余安装结构进行综合评价,确定出陀螺冗余配置的最优安装数目,即最优冗余陀螺配置。最后,利用该方法对实际工程中的斜置式陀螺冗余配置进行分析和计算。结果表明,当陀螺的安装数目为7时为最优冗余配置,该结论对实际工程具有理论指导作用。 相似文献
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The analysis of a single-axis rate gyroscope mounted in a vehicle which is spinning with uncertain angular velocity about the spin axis of the gyro is presented. The nonlinearity in the equation of motion of the gimbal is retained. Using circle criterion, it is shown that the gimbal motion is globally asymptotically stable if Nyquist plot of the linear transfer function of the gyro lies in the interior of a certain disk. A simple analytical relation for the selection of gyro parameters for stability is derived. 相似文献
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声学黑洞(ABH)效应是利用结构阻抗的变化,使结构中传播的波相速度和群速度发生变化,在结构局部区域实现波的聚集,进而通过少量阻尼将能量耗损。该方法具有高效、轻质、宽频等优点,为结构振动噪声控制提供了新的思路,具有较强的潜能和应用前景。本文针对直升机驾驶舱复杂的噪声问题,根据噪声源和传递路径,提出基于ABH效应的内嵌式和附加式2种减振降噪设计方案。利用有限元软件建立了结构声振耦合模型,分析了直升机驾驶舱模型的声振特性,解释了ABH效应有助于降低舱室噪声的机理,并搭建了实验平台,开展了效果测试和性能评估。结果表明,内嵌式ABH结构可以有效降低舱内的中高频噪声,而低频控制能力略显不足。附加式ABH结构可以弥补这一局限性,拓宽有效频带。结合内嵌式和附加式ABH 2种控制方案,相比传统结构在总质量不增加甚至略有降低的前提下,舱室平均噪声水平在1/3倍频程内降低3~10 dB。该研究成果有助于推进ABH新技术在未来直升机工程减振降噪中的应用。 相似文献
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微机械陀螺是一种新型的陀螺,近年来随着微机电技术的发展,其性能不断得到提高。基于多环谐振微机械陀螺的发展现状,详细评述了多环谐振陀螺的来源以及其由单环到多环的结构发生改变的优点。并基于驻波进动原理,介绍了两种新型的全对称谐振盘陀螺。总结了圆环谐振式微机械陀螺的工艺发展路线,由早期的HARPSS工艺发展到外延多晶硅封装工艺,再到材料性能好的单晶硅热压键合工艺,使得多环谐振陀螺的性能不断得以提升,并分析了其优缺点。最后,展望了未来的高新技术,提出多环谐振陀螺的发展方向。 相似文献
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An analysis of the motion of a single-axis rate gyroscope mounted in a space vehicle which is spinning with uncertain constant angular velocity xz about the spin axis of the gyro is presented. The nonlinearity in the equation of motion of the gimbal is retained. Using the Lyapunov approach, regions are obtained in the k-xz plane where k is the torsional spring constant, for asymptotic stability and for global asymptotic stability, and an estimate of the region of stability in state space is presented. Analytical relations for the selection of the gyro parameters are derived. 相似文献
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嵌套环MEMS谐振陀螺是一种基于Coriolis效应的振动陀螺,具有结构全对称、加工鲁棒性好、电容灵敏度高、可采用传统体硅加工工艺实现批量化制造等优点,是目前最具性能潜力的微陀螺方案之一。首先阐述了嵌套环MEMS谐振陀螺的基本结构和工作原理,然后针对其在敏感结构设计及演化、品质因数提升、频率匹配技术、非线性效应与参数放大技术及零偏补偿技术等方面的发展进行了讨论,并对其在结构设计、加工技术、测控电路、新机理和新效应的应用等方面的发展进行了展望。嵌套环MEMS谐振陀螺可以实现高精度的角速率测量,具有巨大的性能潜力和较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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超流体物质波干涉陀螺仪的噪声研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
陀螺仪的精度与其噪声密切相关,为开发新型高精度的超流体物质波干涉陀螺仪,必须对其噪声进行系统研究。根据超流体陀螺噪声产生的机理,分析了该陀螺噪声的来源,并把超流体陀螺的噪声类型归纳为:热、锁定值波动、温度波动、频率波动和检测元件等。在建立了各噪声数学模型的基础上,利用超流体陀螺通用的参数,对其噪声进行了分析。分析结果表明:热噪声与陀螺的结构参数和工作参数相关,与被测角速度无关;锁定值波动噪声只与结构参数相关;其他噪声与结构参数、工作参数和被测角速度都相关;检测元件、频率波动和锁定值波动噪声是构成超流体陀螺输出噪声的主要因素;在角速度变化量的范围内,超流体陀螺的输出噪声非线性变化,在1 Hz的带宽下,其变化范围为-7到-6次方的数量级。 相似文献
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金属壳固体波动陀螺是基于固体波的进动效应进行角速度检测的一种全新
轴对称壳振动陀螺,具有结构简单、功耗低、抗冲击性强、稳定性高等优点,可广泛应
用于中低精度角速度测量领域。为分析轴对称多曲面融合结构金属谐振子中固体波的进
动效应,在双曲率坐标系下,基于薄壳理论,建立了理想条件下轴对称多曲面融合结构
金属谐振子中固体波进动的动力学模型。针对动力学模型过于复杂、难于分析的缺陷,
提出了利用弹性力学中的能量原理,建立轴对称多曲面融合结构金属谐振子等效模型的
方法,为金属壳固体波动陀螺的信号检测方法和控制回路设计奠定了理论依据。 相似文献
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Fully integrated gyroscopes have some unique advantages in low power, size, weight, and cost. The progress in bringing an integrated gyroscope to mass production is described, together with some of the strategies employed to overcome difficulties with this class of device, in particular, the measures to produce shock and vibration immunity. A natural progression for future products is also outlined. 相似文献
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An analysis is presented of the motion of a single axis rate gyroscope mounted in a space vehicle, which is simultaneously accelerating and spinning about the output and spin axis, respectively, of the gyro. The time-varying acceleration and deceleration ?x(t) and the spin rate ?z(t) of the vehicle are unknown but bounded functions of time t. It is shown that the motion of the gyro remains bounded if the bound ?*2 on the uncertainty in ?z(t) does not exceed some threshold ?*2 and that this threshold depends on the various parameters of the gyro. Furthermore, by a proper selection of the gyro parameters, its motion can be forced to remain in a small neighborhood (called region of ultimate boundedness) of the origin in ?-? plane after a certain finite interval of time for any bounded uncertain ?x(t) and ?z(t). Analytical relations are derived for the selection of gyro parameters to keep the error caused in the measurement of the input rate due to ?x and ?z within any given limit. 相似文献