基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器

系统参数发生跳变时,为了解决多变量系统暂态响应变差的问题,提出一种基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器。该控制器由多个鲁棒自适应控制器组成,鲁棒自适应控制器保证系统存在未建模动态时能够使自适应系统稳定运行,引入的多模型策略保证系统参数跳变时具有良好的暂态性能。仿真结果表明,所提出的多模型鲁棒自适应控制器能够加快系统的响应速度,提高系统的暂态性能。     

Novel sliding mode controller for synchronous motor drive

A novel sliding mode controller with an integral-operation switching surface is proposed. Furthermore, an adaptive sliding mode controller is investigated, in which a simple adaptive algorithm is utilized to estimate the bound of uncertainties. The position control for a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous servo motor drive using the proposed control strategies is illustrated. The theoretical analysis and the theorems for the proposed sliding mode controllers are described in detail. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controllers provide high-performance dynamic characteristics and are robust with regard to plant parameter variations and external load disturbance     

飞行/推进系统自适应神经网络综合控制仿真研究

 提出一种基于发动机喘振裕度自适应的飞行 /推进系统综合控制。在发动机喘振裕度较大的某些飞行条件或飞行包线内,通过调整喷口面积,使发动机喘振裕度保持在一个较小值,既保证发动机稳定工作,又增加发动机推力,从而改善飞机的性能。采用分散控制方案,综合控制系统由 5个控制子系统组成。各控制子系统的设计采用自适应控制和神经网络相结合的方法,所提出的参数和权重的自适应调整律保证系统的稳定性。全包线范围内飞机平飞加速和爬升数字仿真结果表明,该综合控制方法可缩短飞机的平飞加速时间和爬升时间。     

Autonomous attitude coordinated control for spacecraft formation with input constraint,model uncertainties,and external disturbances

To synchronize the attitude of a spacecraft formation flying system, three novel autonomous control schemes are proposed to deal with the issue in this paper. The first one is an ideal autonomous attitude coordinated controller, which is applied to address the case with certain models and no disturbance. The second one is a robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which aims to tackle the case with external disturbances and model uncertainties. The last one is a filtered robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which is used to overcome the case with input con- straint, model uncertainties, and external disturbances. The above three controllers do not need any external tracking signal and only require angular velocity and relative orientation between a spacecraft and its neighbors. Besides, the relative information is represented in the body frame of each spacecraft. The controllers are proved to be able to result in asymptotical stability almost everywhere. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed three approaches are effective for attitude coordination in a spacecraft formation flying system.     

Adaptive control for a sensorless permanent-magnet synchronousmotor drive

An adaptive velocity controller for a permanent-magnet synchronous motor without using shaft sensor is presented. Two line-to-line voltages and two stator currents are sensed to produce the flux position. The design part is concerned with the formulation of control algorithm for current-regulated pulsewidth modulated inverter and vector control strategy for speed loop. Under the vector control framework, self-tuning, model following, and model referencing adaptive control are applied to design for the speed-loop controllers. The implementational part integrates the control of current and speed loop using microprocessor-based controllers. Experimental case studies that correlate simulation and measurement results are provided. The experimental results validate the theoretical development. A new approach for designing advanced adaptive controller for a sensorless ac drive is provided     

Adaptive finite-time backstepping control for attitude tracking of spacecraft based on rotation matrix

This paper investigates two finite-time controllers for attitude control of spacecraft based on rotation matrix by an adaptive backstepping method. Rotation matrix can overcome the draw- backs of unwinding which makes a spacecraft perform a large-angle maneuver when a small-angle maneuver in the opposite rotational direction is sufficient to achieve the objective, With the use of adaptive control, the first robust finite-time controller is continuous without a chattering phenom- enon. The second robust finite-time controller can compensate external disturbances with unknown bounds. Theoretical analysis shows that both controllers can make a spacecraft following a time-varying reference attitude signal in finite time and guarantee the stability of the overall closed-loop system. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

复合材料布带缠绕成型压力控制技术

复合材料布带缠绕成型过程中的压力波动会影响制品的致密度和均匀度,同时会造成缠绕制品的界面强度及纤维体积分数不一致。芯模的圆度误差和安装误差会导致压力波动,气体的可压缩性、比例阀的死区效应、阀的流量非线性、气缸摩擦力及测量噪声会对缠绕压力控制造成非线性干扰。因此,设计了自适应灰色预测模糊PID控制器,通过对气缸输出缠绕压力的灰色预测,正确反映了压力信号的变化趋势,为模糊PID控制的推理提供了可靠依据。同时,采用两个独立的模糊推理系统来调节预测控制的步长和步长自整定算法的比例因子。仿真分析和实验结果表明：相比于传统PID控制,采用自适应灰色预测模糊PID控制使缠绕压力的稳态误差减小了62%,超调量减小了80%,有效提高了复合材料缠绕成型压力控制系统的稳定性。     

Decentralized attitude synchronization tracking control for multiple spacecraft under directed communication topology

This paper studies the attitude synchronization tracking control of spacecraft formation flying with a directed communication topology and presents three different controllers. By introducing a novel error variable associated with rotation matrix, a decentralized attitude synchronization controller, which could obtain almost global asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system, is developed. Then, considering model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances, we propose a robust adaptive attitude synchronization controller by designing adaptive laws to estimate the unknown parameters. After that, the third controller is proposed by extending this method to the case of time-varying communication delays via Lyapunov–Krasovskii analysis. The distinctive feature of this work is to address attitude coordinated control with model uncertainties, unknown disturbances and time-varying delays in a decentralized framework, with a strongly connected directed information flow. It is shown that tracking and synchronization of an arbitrary desired attitude can be achieved when the stability condition is satisfied. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

基于RBF神经网络的一类非线性系统反演鲁棒自适应控制

提出一种基于RBF神经网络的一类非线性系统反演鲁棒自适应控制器设计方法。使用RBF神经网络逼近系统不确定性,并和控制器与虚拟控制器中的鲁棒项一起消除不确定性的影响,由Lyapunov稳定性理论推出的RBF神经网络权值矩阵的自适应律能保证闭环系统的所有信号有界,且误差能够全局指数收敛于原点的邻域。该方法不需要系统不确定性的上界以及其任意阶导数,最后的仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。     

Adaptive recurrent-neural-network control for linear inductionmotor

In this study an adaptive recurrent-neural-network controller (ARNNC) is proposed to control a linear induction motor (LIM) servo drive. First, the secondary flux of the LIM is estimated with an adaptive flux observer on the stationary reference frame and the feedback linearization theory is used to decouple the thrust force and the flux amplitude of the LIM. Then, an ARNNC is proposed to control the mover of the LIM for periodic motion. In the proposed controller, the LIM servo drive system is identified by a recurrent-neural-network identifier (RNNI) to provide the sensitivity information of the drive system to an adaptive controller. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the RNNI on line. Moreover, to guarantee the convergence of identification and tracking errors, analytical methods based on a discrete-type Lyapunov function are proposed to determine the varied learning rates of the RNNI and the optimal learning rate of the adaptive controller. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by both the simulated and experimental results. Furthermore, the advantages of the proposed control system are indicated in comparison with the sliding mode control system     

Fractional order modeling and control of dissimilar redundant actuating system used in large passenger aircraft

In this paper, a methodology has been developed to address the issue of force fighting and to achieve precise position tracking of control surface driven by two dissimilar actuators. The nonlinear dynamics of both actuators are first approximated as fractional order models. Based on the identified models, three fractional order controllers are proposed for the whole system. Two Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers are dedicated to improving transient response and are designed in a position feedback configuration. In order to synchronize the actuator dynamics, a third fractional order PI controller is designed, which feeds the force compensation signal in position feedback loop of both actuators. Nelder-Mead (N-M) optimization technique is employed in order to optimally tune controller parameters based on the proposed performance criteria. To test the proposed controllers according to real flight condition, an external disturbance of higher amplitude that acts as airload is applied directly on the control surface. In addition, a disturbance signal function of system states is applied to check the robustness of proposed controller. Simulation results on nonlinear system model validated the performance of the proposed scheme as compared to optimal PID and high gain PID controllers.     

Attitude tracking control for variable structure near space vehicles based on switched nonlinear systems

An adaptive robust attitude tracking control law based on switched nonlinear systems is presented for a variable structure near space vehicle (VSNSV) in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. The adaptive fuzzy systems are employed for approximating unknown functions in the flight dynamic model and their parameters are updated online. To improve the flight robust performance, robust controllers with adaptive gains are designed to compensate for the approximation errors and thus they have less design conservation. Moreover, a systematic procedure is developed for the synthesis of adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control (DSC) approach. According to the common Lyapunov function theory, it is proved that all signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded by the continuous controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme.     

An active vibration control method based on energy-fuzzy for cantilever structures excited by aerodynamic loads

In wind tunnel tests for the full-model fixed with sting, the low structural damping of the long cantilever sting results in destructive low-frequency and large-amplitude vibration. In order to obtain high-quality wind tunnel test data and ensure the safety of wind tunnel tests, an energy-fuzzy adaptive PD (Proportion Differentiation) control method is proposed. This method is used for active vibration control of a cantilever structure under variable aerodynamic load excitation, and real-time adjustment of parameters is achieved according to the system characteristics of vibration energy. Meanwhile, a real-time method is proposed to estimate the real-time vibration energy through the vibration acceleration signal, and the average exciting power of aerodynamic load is obtained by deducting the part of the power contributed by the vibration suppressor from the total power. Furthermore, an energy-fuzzy adaptive PD controller is proposed to achieve adaptive control to the changes of the aerodynamic load. Besides, the subsonic and transonic experiments were carried out in wind tunnel, the results revealed that comparing to fixed gain PD controllers, the energy-fuzzy adaptive PD controller maintains higher performance.     

Coordinated Frequency and Voltage Control of Synchronous Generators

Three different types of controllers, i.e., the conventional controller, the linear optimal controller (LOC), and the variablestructure controller (VSC) are proposed for the coordinatedfrequency and voltage control of synchronous generators. Theinteraction between the frequency and voltage control loops is takeninto account by incorporating both the speed-governing system andthe excitation system into the mathematical model of thesynchronous generator. Results obtained from computer simulationindicate that the variable structure controller can yield the bestdynamic responses following a step load change.     

Model reference adaptive control with smooth switching scheme for piecewise linear systems and its application in turbofan engine control

A model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with smooth switching scheme was proposed for piecewise linear systems, and the method was utilized in turbofan engine control to avoid the discontinuity of control input. In this scheme, each sub-region of the operating envelope had its own MRAC controller, and smooth indicator function based smooth switching scheme was introduced to switch multiple controllers smoothly at the boundary of adjacent sub-regions. The Lyapunov stability analysis indicated that the proposed smooth switching scheme can guarantee the convergence of the closed-loop system during the controllers switching. The tracking error system was converted into a switched system to analyze the global stability of the closed-loop system. The advantage of the method was that the chattering of system output and instability caused by asynchronous switching can be eliminated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the existing MRAC controller with gain scheduling for turbofan engine.      

Inverted decoupling and LMI-based controller design for a turboprop engine with actuator dynamics

The main objective of the turboprop engine control system is to ensure propeller absorbed power at a constant propeller speed by controlling fuel flow and blade angle. Since each input variable affects the selected output variables, there exist strong interactions between different control loops of a Two-Spool TurboProp Engine (TSTPE). Inverted decoupling is used to decouple the interactions and decompose the TSTPE into two independent single-input single-output systems. The multi-variable PI controller and two single-variable PI controllers are designed for the TSTPE with actuator dynamics based on Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), respectively, which is derived from static output feedback and pole placement condition. The step responses show that due to the difference in the response times of the selected output variables, it is difficult to design an appropriate multi-variable PI controller. The designed single-variable PI controllers are tested on the TSTPE integrated model to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, that is, the interactions are first decoupled and then the controllers are designed, and the resulting simulated responses show that compared with the controller designed without actuator dynamics, the gas-generator shaft speed and power turbine shaft speed can better track their respective commands under the action of the controller designed with actuator dynamics.     

Adaptive control strategies for flexible space structures

The problem of controlling flexible space structures in the presence of significant uncertainties using only position measurements is considered. Adaptive controllers, which are capable of controlling partially known dynamical systems and delivering good performance by providing a time-varying compensation on-line, are desirable for such system. We present an adaptive controller which can globally stabilize a class of flexible structures. This controller is applicable whether position measurements, rate measurements, or combinations thereof are available, as well as for colocated and noncolocated actuator-sensor pairs that are sufficiently close. The improvement in performance generated using such controllers is demonstrated using two practical structural system     

自适应PID控制系统仿真

针对常规PID控制器不能满足非线性、时变系统的控制要求的问题,本文将自适应控制思想与PID控制器相结合,合成一种自适应PID控制解决方案,并设计了一个自适应PID控制器。该方案运用专家控制策略,自动整定PID参数。仿真结论表明,在系统参数不确定或者发生变化时,该控制器的控制效果明显优于常规PID控制器。     

Variable structure and adaptive control of a synchronous generator

Damping of synchronous generator oscillations has been investigated by using three types of controllers, i.e., the PI (proportional-integral) controller, the model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) and the variable-structure model-following controller (VSMFC). It was found that the PI controller fails to accommodate itself to the situation where there is a significant change in generator loading conditions. The MRAC greatly improves the dynamic responses of the generator over a wide range of operating conditions by minimizing the error in the responses obtained from the plant with a specified reference model. The damping of the generator is further improved by the VSMFC, which reduces the sensitivity of generator responses relative to plant parameter variations by providing sliding-mode operations     

民用涡扇发动机预测控制器设计

对一定包线范围内的稳态预测控制器和加速减速过渡态控制器设计展开研究.针对某大涵道比民用涡扇发动机,根据发动机进口参数的相对变化指标对控制区域进行划分,以标称点处发动机线性模型为对象设计了相应的预测控制器,利用提出的多层参数调度方案实现了不同飞行条件及不同发动机状态下预测控制器参数的自适应调整.仿真结果表明:所设计的发动机预测控制系统在控制区域内的设计点和非设计点均具有良好的性能,为全包线设计提供了有效方法.