基于A320飞机横航向控制律架构的LQ设计

空客A320飞机横航向控制律采用特征结构配置方法计算闭环增益,实现了期望特征值的配置及横航向关键参数之间的解耦。基于A320横航向控制律架构,提出使用线性二次型(Linear Quadratic,简称LQ)方法,对闭环增益进行重新设计。首先根据期望的特征值引入关键参数的频域整形环节,而后通过调整二次型性能指标加权矩阵实现期望特征值的逼近及关键参数之间的解耦,并求得闭环反馈增益,最后在特征结构、稳定裕度和横航向解耦效果方面与空客设计结果作了对比分析。仿真结果表明,LQ设计可获得与特征结构配置设计相近的结果,即得到接近期望值的特征值,并实现关键变量的解耦,同时保证了闭环稳定裕度。     

线性二次极小极大最优反馈控制的同步并行解法及充要条件

在线性系统鲁棒控制及Ｈ∞时域直接状态空间方法中，化为线性二次型（ＬＱ）极小极大（ＭＡＸＭＩＮ）最优状态反馈控制问题是其方法之一。本文给出的线性二次极小极大最优反馈控制的同步并行解法克服了寻极大这种逐次寻优算法的困难。而且，只需存在（增广系统）Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ一般矩阵代数方程的对称镇定解，即可获得充分且必要条件的最优反馈控制及抑制干扰（反馈）控制。     

Robust Hybrid Control for Ballistic Missile Longitudinal Autopilot

This paper investigates the boost phase’s longitudinal autopilot of a ballistic missile equipped with thrust vector control. The existing longitudinal autopilot employs time-invariant passive resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) network compensator as a control strategy, which does not take into account the time-varying missile dynamics. This may cause the closed-loop system instability in the presence of large disturbance and dynamics uncertainty. Therefore, the existing controller should be redesigned to achieve more stable vehicle response. In this paper, based on gain-scheduling adaptive control strategy, two different types of optimal controllers are proposed. The first controller is gain-scheduled optimal tuning-proportional-integral-derivative (PID) with actuator constraints, which supplies better response but requires a priori knowledge of the system dynamics. Moreover, the controller has oscillatory response in the presence of dynamic uncertainty. Taking this into account, gain-scheduled optimal linear quadratic (LQ) in conjunction with optimal tuning-compensator offers the greatest scope for controller improvement in the presence of dynamic uncertainty and large disturbance. The latter controller is tested through various scenarios for the validated nonlinear dynamic flight model of the real ballistic missile system with autopilot exposed to external disturbances.     

基于混沌搜索的三级倒立摆LQ控制器设计

研究利用混沌优化的LQ控制方法对三级倒立摆系统进行闭环控制.首先将混沌变量引入LQ控制器的权矩阵参数域,并进行全局范围内直接寻优,当获得全局近似最优解后,再缩小寻优区间,在次优解附近继续寻优,得到全局最优权矩阵参数.仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性和具有良好的抗干扰能力.     

A two-stage approach for managing actuators redundancy and its application to fault tolerant flight control

In safety-critical systems such as transportation aircraft, redundancy of actuators is introduced to improve fault tolerance. How to make the best use of remaining actuators to allow the system to continue achieving a desired operation in the presence of some actuators failures is the main subject of this paper. Considering that many dynamical systems, including flight dynamics of a transportation aircraft, can be expressed as an input affine nonlinear system, a new state representation is adopted here where the output dynamics are related with virtual inputs associated with the intended operation. This representation, as well as the distribution matrix associated with the effectiveness of the remaining operational actuators, allows us to define different levels of fault tolerant governability with respect to actuators’ failures. Then, a two-stage control approach is developed, leading first to the inversion of the output dynamics to get nominal values for the virtual inputs and then to the solution of a linear quadratic(LQ) problem to compute the solicitation of each operational actuator. The proposed approach is applied to the control of a transportation aircraft which performs a stabilized roll maneuver while a partial failure appears. Two fault scenarios are considered and the resulting performance of the proposed approach is displayed and discussed.     

基于改进NSGAⅡ的航空发动机LQ/H∞控制器设计

对第2代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGAⅡ)进行改进,提出以非支配序为进化方向的微分进化(DE)算法代替传统的遗传操作,提高了算法的收敛速度.针对目前航空发动机多变量控制领域广泛关注的线性二次型调节器(LQR)控制与H2/H∞控制存在的保守性问题,提出了将时域性能指标、二次型性能指标与H∞性能指标相结合,通过改进NSGAⅡ优化权矩阵Q,R,最终获得航空发动机LQ/H∞控制器的设计方法.与其他控制器设计方法相比,基于多目标优化的LQ/H∞控制器目标明确、鲁棒性强且保守性更低.仿真验证结果表明:相比于基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的H2/H∞控制器,基于多目标优化的LQ/H∞控制器时域性能提高了4倍,调节时间减少了50%,抗干扰能力提高了15%.     

基于ILMI的直升机悬停控制律设计

提出了一种新的直升机悬停控制律设计方法。在建立了直升机数学模型后,通过迭代线性矩阵不等式方法(ILM I)求解基于线性二次型的直升机悬停控制律,使得直升机能达到满意的悬停性能指标,并且明显降低了控制器的保守性。仿真结果表明,使用该方法设计的控制器同时满足动态性能指标和稳态性能指标,与使用标准线性二次型方法设计的控制器相比,其性能指标在横侧向提高了12.3%,纵向提高了13.7%。     

滤波器群时延对二元翼段阵风减缓的影响

针对二元翼段阵风载荷减缓主动控制系统,研究了数字滤波器群时延对阵风减缓效率的影响。首先建立了气动弹性模型,并将时滞系统转化为等价的无时滞系统。随后设计了阵风发生器、数字滤波器及时滞线性二次型(Linear quadratic,LQ)控制器等组成控制系统。最后对系统进行数值仿真并开展风洞实验加以验证。研究发现,当滤波器群时延量较小时可以改善控制系统性能,提高阵风载荷减缓效率,但随着滤波器群时延量增大,阵风载荷减缓效率降低甚至出现控制器失效的情况。     

二阶离散系统LQ问题加权阵的选择

本文针对单输入条件下二阶定常线性离散系统,讨论了线性二次型(LQ)问题中加权阵的选择问题。证明并给出了当要求闭环系统是渐近稳定时,加权阵与系统开、闭环特征多项式之间以及系统开、闭环极点之间的一组解析关系式。对实例的计算结果表明,利用这组关系,可以很方便地得到加权阵。     

定时截尾可靠性鉴定试验方案的参数选择及分析

首先介绍了2种可靠性鉴定试验的定时截尾试验方案设计公式和试验方案参数选取原则,重点论述了用不同的试验方案进行鉴定试验时试验结果的差异。