基于自适应模糊滑模退步控制的直接力/气动力复合控制导弹自动驾驶仪设计

针对直接力/气动力复合控制导弹所具有的强耦合非线性特性,提出了一种基于自适应模糊滑模退步控制的自动驾驶仪设计方法.该方法利用自适应模糊系统所具有的万能逼近特性,对大迎角飞行过程中导弹动力学方程中存在的非线性函数进行逼近,并利用变结构控制所具有对干扰的强鲁棒性,构造误差系统滑模面,克服了逼近误差和外界干扰对控制系统的影响,实现了对大机动指令的精确跟踪.仿真结果表明,所设计的自动驾驶仪对过载指令有良好的跟踪效果,对模型不确定性和外界干扰具有鲁棒性.     

Missile autopilot design via functional inversion and time-scaled transformation

This paper presents a new approach to acceleration control of STT (Skid-To-Turn) missiles. In the design and stability analysis of our autopilot, we assume perfect roll-stabilization but consider fully all other nonlinearities of the missile dynamics including the coupling effect due to bank angle. Our autopilot controller consists of a partial-linearizing controller and a dynamic compensator. The partial-linearizing controller along with a time scaled transformation can convert the nonlinear missile dynamics to the so-called normalized system which is completely independent of Mach number and almost independent of air density. The dynamic compensator is designed based on this normalized system. This normalized system greatly simplifies the design process of an autopilot controller regardless of flight conditions. Our autopilot controller can provide fast and exact set-point tracking performance but without the slow-varying conditions on angle of attack and side-slip angle required often in the prior works.     

Design of optimal midcourse guidance sliding-mode control for missiles with TVC

This work discusses a nonlinear midcourse missile controller with thrust vector control (TVC) inputs for the interception of a theater ballistic missile, including autopilot system and guidance system. First, a three degree-of-freedom (DOF) optimal midcourse guidance law is designed to minimize the control effort and the distance between the missile and the target. Then, converting the acceleration command from guidance law into attitude command, a quaternion-based sliding-mode attitude controller is proposed to track the attitude command and to cope with the effects from variations of missile's inertia, aerodynamic force, and wind gusts. The exponential stability of the overall system is thoroughly analyzed via Lyapunov stability theory. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed guidance law and the associated TVC.     

气动舵/侧向脉冲推力复合控制导弹最优控制及输出反馈问题研究(英文)

针对气动舵/侧向脉冲推力复合控制导弹,设计了复合控制自动驾驶仪,其包含最优控制器和控制分配两部分。应用最优/经典综合控制法设计的最优控制器用于求解虚拟控制量;控制分配模块将虚拟力矩分配到冗余的作动器上。该复合控制器结构简单,跟踪性能好,具有鲁棒性,并能考虑对作动器的实际约束。基于该复合控制自动驾驶仪,发现采用总加速度为反馈时系统的稳定性和跟踪快速性之间的矛盾严重。为解决这一问题,剔除总加速度中的瞬时影响因素,采用攻角产生的加速度作为反馈,仿真结果表明攻角产生的加速度作为反馈时系统具有更好的快速性。最后针对如何得到合理的加速度反馈进行了简要的讨论,结果表明将总加速度通过低通滤波器后再作为反馈,也可以获得良好的跟踪性能。     

摆动喷管控制导弹回路成形自动驾驶仪设计

针对摆动喷管控制防空导弹存在的伺服气动弹性问题,利用鲁棒回路成形方法在导弹的纵向通道设计了自动驾驶仪。首先,建立了考虑一阶弹性振动影响的纵向小扰动线性化模型;然后考虑到控制系统设计中存在的导弹自身以及外界干扰等不确定因素的影响,采用回路成形的方法,根据系统性能指标的要求,选取了系统期望回路成形函数,构造了防空导弹纵向自动驾驶仪回路成形设计框架,给出了鲁棒回路成形控制增益K∞;最后,对其进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,所设计的系统具有良好的鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能。     

广义预测自适应控制器在导弹控制系统设计中应用

将一种新的广义预测自适应控制算法应用于快速时变的导弹控制系统设计中。讨论了设计参数对控制系统性能的影响;针对自适应控制信号过大,提出了改进方案,增强了系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。大量的数字仿真结果表明:运用该方案设计的导弹控制系统具有很好的跟踪性能和强的抗干扰能力;对系统阶次、参数、时延和采样周期的变化具有很强的鲁棒性;自适应算法中,对验前知识要求少,实现起来也比较简单。     

基于时滞不确定理论的导弹鲁棒控制系统设计

针对含有参数不确定性、干扰和响应延迟的控制系统鲁棒性设计问题,采用状态反馈控制方法设计控制系统,使得闭环控制系统在保证渐进稳定的同时满足H∞性能指标要求.建立导弹控制系统的线性离散模型,将提出的基于时滞不确定理论的设计方法应用于导弹俯仰-偏航通道的自动驾驶仪设计.通过仿真计算,验证了提出的控制系统设计方法在气动参数摄动...     

Adaptive block dynamic surface control for integrated missile guidance and autopilot

A novel integrated guidance and autopilot design method is proposed for homing missiles based on the adaptive block dynamic surface control approach. The fully integrated guidance and autopilot model is established by combining the nonlinear missile dynamics with the nonlinear dynamics describing the pursuit situation of a missile and a target in the three-dimensional space. The integrated guidance and autopilot design problem is further converted to a state regulation problem of a time-varying nonlinear system with matched and unmatched uncertainties. A new and simple adaptive block dynamic surface control algorithm is proposed to address such a state regulation problem. The stability of the closed-loop system is proven based on the Lyapunov theory. The six degrees of freedom (6DOF) nonlinear numerical simulation results show that the proposed integrated guidance and autopilot algorithm can ensure the accuracy of target interception and the robust stability of the closed-loop system with respect to the uncertainties in the missile dynamics.     

Fuzzy gain-scheduled missile autopilot design using evolutionary algorithms

The paper presents the lateral acceleration control design of a missile model using the evolution strategy (ES). The nonlinear fixed-structure-like controller is represented by the singleton fuzzy model. This allows a variation of shapes of the gain functions to be explored, and subsequent modification is fairly easy. Instead of finding an optimal decomposition of the fuzzy controller, a set of fuzzy rules is unconventionally optimized for the overall gain surfaces that guarantee acceptable performances for the closed-loop system over the whole operating envelope. The simulation results show that the designed fuzzy gain-scheduled controller is a robust tracking controller for all perturbation vertices     

导弹非线性控制系统设计方法研究

导弹过载输出跟踪控制系统是一个非最小相位系统.为了克服非最小相位特性造成的设计控制器的困难,介绍了一种新颖的导弹非线性控制算法--(系统)浸入和(流行)不变算法,将导弹的输出跟踪问题转化为系统的镇定问题.研究和仿真结果表明,这种方法是简单和实用的.     

直连式三体绳系卫星姿态鲁棒最优跟踪控制

 针对存在参数不确定性以及外部有界干扰的直连式三体旋转绳系卫星系统姿态跟踪控制问题,提出了一种分布式鲁棒最优控制方法。该方法首先针对单体绳系卫星姿态模型,在不考虑参数不确定性和干扰的条件下,应用Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman方程设计了最优控制器;接着,考虑到实际系统存在参数不确定性和干扰,采用自适应与鲁棒误差积分方法在线学习参数不确定性和有界干扰,与最优控制器结合设计了鲁棒最优控制器,使闭环系统满足了性能指标达到最小的要求,并应用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了其闭环系统的渐近稳定性。进一步考虑到绳系卫星系统的运动同步性,将单体绳系卫星姿态控制器设计扩展至直连式三体绳系卫星姿态系统,设计了分布式鲁棒最优控制器。最后在MATLAB/Simulink平台上进行了仿真,验证了方法的可行性与有效性,表明其具有潜在的应用前景。     

Compound Control for Hydraulic Flight Motion Simulator

The design of a compound control is presented for the servo system of hydraulic flight motion simulator, which suffers from highly nonlinear dynamics, large parameter time-variation and severe load coupling among channels. The compound control is composed of a robust feedback controller and a feedforward compensator. The design aim is to achieve high tracking performance even in the presence of considerable uncertainty, external disturbance and load coupling among channels. Toward this aim the feedback controller for rejecting perturbation and disturbance is designed by using μ synthesis optimization technique and the feedforward compensator for compensating time lag of dynamic system is established based on the basic idea of zero phase error tracking. To validate the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are implemented, and show that the resulting system is highly robust against model perturbation and possesses excellent capability of suppressing the load coupling and improving the tracking performance.     

反坦克导弹的一种自校正制导控制方法

利用规范化模型和加权自校正控制方法,对反坦克导弹提出了一种自校正控制器。并在广义最小方差自校正控制律中引入了能自动调整的加权因子,以兼顾系统的稳定性和动态性能指标及适应反坦克导弹快速时变对象的控制要求。数字仿真结果表明,这种控制器对反坦克导弹有很好的控制效果,而且控制器算法简单,对过程的非线性、阶次失配和未建模扰动均有较强的鲁棒性。     

Modified robust optimal adaptive control for flight environment simulation system with heat transfer uncertainty

To solve the rapid transient control problem of Flight Environment Simulation System (FESS) of Altitude Ground Test Facilities (AGTF) with large heat transfer uncertainty and disturbance, a new adaptive control structure of modified robust optimal adaptive control is presented. The mathematic modeling of FESS is given and the influence of heat transfer is analyzed through energy view. To consider the influence of heat transfer in controller design, we introduce a matched uncertainty that represents heat transfer influence in the linearized system of FESS. Based on this linear system, we deduce the design of modified robust optimal adaptive control law in a general way. Meanwhile, the robust stability of the modified robust optimal adaptive control law is proved through using Lyapunov stability theory. Then, a typical aero-engine test condition with Mach Dash and Zoom-Climb is used to verify the effectiveness of the devised adaptive controller. The simulation results show that the designed controller has servo tracking and disturbance rejection performance under heat transfer uncertainty and disturbance; the relative steady-state and dynamic errors of pressure and temperature are both smaller than 1% and 0.2% respectively. Furthermore, the influence of the modification parameter γ is analyzed through simulation. Finally, comparing with the standard ideal model reference adaptive controller, the modified robust optimal adaptive controller obviously provides better control performance than the ideal model reference adaptive controller does.     

基于Backstepping和扰动观测器的导引律

考虑目标机动和自动驾驶仪动态特性等情况,基于扰动观测器(DOB)技术及Backstepping的设计思想,提出了一种新型的三维导引律。运用Backstepping的设计思想,将包含驾驶仪动态特性的制导环路分为外环和内环两个环路。将目标机动及俯仰和偏航平面间的交叉耦合项当成外环扰动,将驾驶仪参数不确定当成内环扰动,分别设计内外扰动观测器将它们估计出来,利用估计值做前馈补偿得到的外环控制器可抑制目标机动对制导精度的影响及实现两个平面的解耦控制,内环控制器补偿驾驶仪动态特性对制导精度的影响。导引律的设计在于使得导弹的实际加速度跟踪上外环的虚拟控制。仿真结果表明:在目标做大机动、考虑驾驶仪动态特性的情况下,这种导引律仍然具有良好的制导精度。     

Roll-pitch-yaw autopilot design for nonlinear time-varying missile using partial state observer based global fast terminal sliding mode control

The acceleration autopilot design for skid-to-turn (STT) missile faces a great challenge owing to coupling effect among planes, variation of missile velocity and its parameters, inexistence of a complete state vector, and nonlinear aerodynamics. Moreover, the autopilot should be designed for the entire flight envelope where fast variations exist. In this paper, a design of inte-grated roll-pitch-yaw autopilot based on global fast terminal sliding mode control (GFTSMC) with a partial state nonlinear observer (PSNLO) for STT nonlinear time-varying missile model, is employed to address these issues. GFTSMC with a novel sliding surface is proposed to nullify the integral error and the singularity problem without application of the sign function. The pro-posed autopilot consisting of two-loop structure, controls STT maneuver and stabilizes the rolling with a PSNLO in order to estimate the immeasurable states as an output while its inputs are missile measurable states and control signals. The missile model considers the velocity variation, gravity effect and parameters’ variation. Furthermore, the environmental conditions’ dynamics are mod-eled. PSNLO stability and the closed loop system stability are studied. Finally, numerical simula-tion is established to evaluate the proposed autopilot performance and to compare it with existing approaches in the literature.     

Robust控制器在导弹自动驾驶仪中的应用

本文提出一种改进自动驾驶仪性能的方案。在导弹自动驾驶仪原回路的基础上增加Robust控制器,这种方案可提高驾驶仪对参数变化的Robust性能。本文详细叙述了Robust控制器结合自动驾驶仪的设计方法,并用仿真结果说明了Robust控制器在本算例中所起的作用。     

高精度液压仿真转台鲁棒控制

 针对液压仿真转台具有时变不确定性、复杂外干扰等特点和高精度控制性能要求，提出了一种鲁棒复合控制结构，该结构由鲁棒内回路补偿器、外回路反馈控制器和输入信号前馈补偿器三部分组成。其中，鲁棒内回路补偿器用来抑制外干扰和时变不确定性的影响，外回路反馈控制器的作用是保证闭环系统的整体性能，输入信号前馈补偿器实现对系统动态时滞的补偿，以保证对参考信号的精确跟踪。以某型液压仿真转台内环为例，首先根据所提出控制策略的基本思想，给出了控制系统的具体设计过程，然后，进行了阶跃响应、低速跟踪和正弦响应试验。试验结果表明，所提出的鲁棒控制策略是有效的和可行的。     

基于终端滑模的直接力/气动力复合控制系统设计

针对空空导弹直接力/气动力复合控制问题,建议一种基于非奇异快速终端滑模控制方法(NFTSM)和动态控制分配技术的复合控制策略。根据导弹纵向运动模型设计非奇异快速终端滑模控制器,获得建立导弹过载所需要的控制力矩。采用动态控制分配将期望的控制力矩映射到气动舵和直接力装置。仿真结果表明,提出方法适用于空空导弹直接力/气动力复合控制系统设计,能够快速精确跟踪过载指令。     

应用动态逆和时间尺度分离的BTT导弹控制

基于简化的ＢＴＴ导弹控制设计模型,应用非线性动态和时间尺度分离方法设计了一种非线性ＢＴＴ导弹自动驾驶仪,根据导弹实际的飞行高度和飞行速度,可以计算出导弹动力学系数的标称值,非线性动态逆法正是基于这些动力学系数的标移值,适适合于控制导弹作大空域飞行,六自由度仿真结果一步验证了方法是正确的与有效的。