Possible Suzaku detection of non-thermal X-ray signals from a rotating magnetized white dwarf

Although rotating neutron stars (NSs) have been regarded as being textbook examples of astrophysical particle acceleration sites for decades, details of the acceleration mechanism remain a mystery; for example, we cannot yet observationally distinguish “polar cap” models from “outer gap” models. To solve the model degeneracy, it is useful to study similar systems with much different physical parameters. Strongly magnetized white dwarfs (WDs) are ideal for this purpose, because they have essentially the same system geometry as NSs, but differ largely from NSs in the system parameters, including the size, magnetic field, and the rotation velocity, with the induced electric field expected to reach 10¹³–10¹⁴ eV. Based on this idea, the best candidate among WDs, AE Aquarii, was observed with the fifth Japaneses X-ray satellite, Suzaku. The hard X-ray detector (HXD) on-board Suzaku has the highest sensitivity in the hard X-ray band over 10 keV. A marginal detection in the hard X-ray band was achieved with the HXD, and was separated from the thermal emission. The flux corresponds to about 0.02% of its spin-down energy. If the signal is real, this observation must be a first case of the detection of non-thermal emission from WDs.     

Long-Term Fluences of Solar Energetic Particles from H to Fe

Data from ACE and GOES have been used to measure Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) fluence spectra for H, He, O, and Fe, over the period from October 1997 to December 2005. The measurements were made by four instruments on ACE and the EPS sensor on three GOES satellites and extend in energy from ∼0.1 MeV/nuc to ∼100 MeV/nuc. Fluence spectra for each species were fit by conventional forms and used to investigate how the intensities, composition, and spectral shapes vary from year to year.     

Some non-linear effects in diffusive shock acceleration

I briefly describe nonlinear effects that result when shock acceleration is efficient and present some examples where these effects may be required to explain observations.     

Energy release in double layers

A Double layer (DL) in a current carrying plasma sustains a localised net potential difference and acts as an impedance converting electrical energy to directed particle energy determined by the DL potential. DL's accelerate equal numbers of ions and electrons for relativistic energies, otherwise electron energisation predominates. Their time independent structure may be described as a BGK (Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal) state analogous to that for laminar shocks, and certain existence criteria must be satisfied. The generalised Langmuir criterion requires total particle pressure balance over the DL and may imply propagation in the plasma reference frame. The Bohm criteria require sufficiently large current densities and are closely related to the local stability condition at the edges of the DL. The DL potential must be sustained externally, for example by the release of stored magnetic energy. A steady state is also possible where (externally maintained) mass motions drive a dynamo region connected by currents to the DL which acts as an electrical load.     

0.5—1.5GHz快速射电频谱仪研究中的几个科学问题

本文介绍了０．５－１．５ＧＨｚ频段上的研究课题和技术方案，主要科学目标是：粒子加速过程及加速区位置的研究；小惊讶磁流力管的振荡；射电爆发精细结构和ＨＸＲ事件的相关性研究等。     

转子越过临界转速的振动特性试验研究

以盘偏置单盘双简支试验器转子为对象,由加速与减速的幅频特性曲线确定转子的临界转速。以幅频特性曲线模态计算法确定盘处的偏心距和阻尼比,用弯、扭耦合传递矩阵法计算临界转速及稳态不平衡响应,同时分析了偏心距及初始弯曲按一阶振型分配时,转子越过临界之振动特性。由试验与理论分析结果表明,加速度对振动特性有明显的影响。     

飞行加速度对固体火箭发动机前封头绝热层烧蚀特性影响研究

对固体火箭发动机前封头绝热层在加速度环境的炭化烧蚀特性进行了实验研究,研制了烧蚀试验发动机及相应的离心试验台,用ＮＢＲ,ＥＰＤＭ绝热层模拟实际烧蚀环境进行了不同轴向加速度条件下的烧蚀试验,得到了飞行速度对绝热层炭化烧蚀率影响规律和经验关系式。     

Periodic or random acceleration in solar flares?

The issue whether acceleration and injection of electron beams is coherently modulated by a single quasi-periodic source, or whether the injection is driven by a stochastic process in time or (eventually fragmented) in space, is investigated by menas of a periodicity analysis of metric type III bursts.We analyze 260 continuous type III groups observed byIkarus (ETH Zurich) in the frequency range of 100–500 MHz during 359 solar flares with simultaneous 25 keV hard X-ray emission, in the years 1980–1983. Pulse periods have been measured between 0.5 and 10 s, and can be described by an exponential distribution, i.e.N(P) e ^–P/1.0s. We measure the mean periodP and its standard deviation p in each type III group, and quantify the degree of periodicity by the dimensionless parameter p/P. The representative sample of 260 type III burst groups shows a mean periodicity of p/P=0.37±0.12, while Monte-Carlo simulations of an equivalent set of truly random time series show a distinctly different value of p/P=0.93±0.26. This result suggests that the injection of electron beams is periodically modulated by a particle acceleration source which is either compact or has a global organization on a time scale of seconds.     

论加速可靠性增长试验 (Ⅶ )步进应力试验方案的统计分析

对幂律-线性化模型步进应力加速可靠性增长试验方案，给出了模型参数，加速系数及MTBF的极大似然估计，极大后验估计，Bayes估计及其计算方法，对这些方案给出了Monte Carlo模拟方法，并用数值例说明了这些方法。     

改善双轴发动机加速性的变喷管调节分析

基于发动机各部件特性,应用流动参数变化热容计算方法对某型双轴发动机加速过程进行了数值分析。发展了一种双层迭代方法,成功地模拟了变喷管喉道面积对发动机加速性的影响,并初步给出了改善发动机加速性的变喷管调节方案。