On the mid-latitude ionospheric storm association with intense geomagnetic storms

The bulk association between ionospheric storms and geomagnetic storms has been studied. Hemispheric features of seasonal variation of ionospheric storms in the mid-latitude were also investigated. 188 intense geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤ 100 nT) that occurred during solar cycles 22 and 23 were considered, of which 143 were observed to be identified with an ionospheric storm. Individual ionospheric storms were identified as maximum deviations of the F2 layer peak electron density from quiet time values. Only ionospheric storms that could clearly be associated with the peak of a geomagnetic storm were considered. Data from two mid-latitude ionosonde stations; one in the northern hemisphere (i.e. Moscow) and the other in the southern hemisphere (Grahamstown) were used to study ionospheric conditions at the time of the individual geomagnetic storms. Results show hemispheric and latitudinal differences in the intensity and nature of ionospheric storms association with different types of geomagnetic storms. These results are significant for our present understanding of the mechanisms which drive the changes in electron density during different types of ionospheric storms.     

基于准模拟的飞机过站时间预测方法

飞机过站时间是飞机级设计要求，它对航空公司运营成功与乘客满意度有重要影响。因此，在飞机概念设计阶段，有必要对其设计要求进行确认。提出了一种基于准模拟的飞机过站时间预测方法，其中占过站时间较大比例的乘客登离机时间利用基于离散时间仿真方法计算得来，其余过站服务时间由工程经验方法进行估算。利用此方法对各大飞机公司所提供的型号进行登离机时间模拟，并验证了仿真模型的精确度。以某单通道飞机为例，计算登离机时间并估算飞机过站时间，算例表明此方法能为设计人员评价不同登离机人数、登离机策略、舱门个数对过站时间的影响。在飞机概念设计阶段，设计员能够利用此方法快速获得较可信的登离机时间和过站时间。     

Optimal three-dimensional impact time guidance with seeker’s field-of-view constraint

This paper proposes a new three-dimensional optimal guidance law for impact time control with seeker’s Field-of-View (FOV) constraint to intercept a stationary target. The proposed guidance law is devised in conjunction with the concept of biased Proportional Navigation Guidance (PNG). The guidance law developed leverages a nonlinear function to ensure the boundedness of velocity lead angle to cater to the seeker’s FOV limit. It is proven that the impact time error is nullified in a finite-time under the proposed method. Additionally, the optimality of the biased command is theoretically analyzed. Numerical simulations confirm the superiority of the proposed method and validate the analytic findings.     

热流响应时间测试方法研究

论述了热流传感器响应时间测试在航空、航天、能源及国民经济各领域中的作用和意义，介绍了热流响应时间测试技术研究情况，描述了研制的热流响应时间测试装置及应用情况。实验证明，所设计的测试装置可以实现预期目标，并对热流传感器的响应时间进行测试。     

Approach and landing guidance design for reusable launch vehicle using multiple sliding surfaces technique

An autonomous approach and landing (A&L) guidance law is presented in this paper for landing an unpowered reusable launch vehicle (RLV) at the designated runway touchdown.Considering the full nonlinear point-mass dynamics,a guidance scheme is developed in threedimensional space.In order to guarantee a successful A&L movement,the multiple sliding surfaces guidance (MSSG) technique is applied to derive the closed-loop guidance law,which stems from higher order sliding mode control theory and has advantage in the finite time reaching property.The global stability of the proposed guidance approach is proved by the Lyapunov-based method.The designed guidance law can generate new trajectories on-line without any specific requirement on off-line analysis except for the information on the boundary conditions of the A&L phase and instantaneous states of the RLV.Therefore,the designed guidance law is flexible enough to target different touchdown points on the runway and is capable of dealing with large initial condition errors resulted from the previous flight phase.Finally,simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed guidance law in different scenarios.     

New reference trajectory optimization algorithm for a flight management system inspired in beam search

With the objective of reducing the flight cost and the amount of polluting emissions released in the atmosphere, a new optimization algorithm considering the climb, cruise and descent phases is presented for the reference vertical flight trajectory. The selection of the reference vertical navigation speeds and altitudes was solved as a discrete combinatory problem by means of a graphtree passing through nodes using the beam search optimization technique. To achieve a compromise between the execution time and the algorithm's ability to find the global optimal solution, a heuristic methodology introducing a parameter called ‘‘optimism coefficient was used in order to estimate the trajectory's flight cost at every node. The optimal trajectory cost obtained with the developed algorithm was compared with the cost of the optimal trajectory provided by a commercial flight management system(FMS). The global optimal solution was validated against an exhaustive search algorithm(ESA), other than the proposed algorithm. The developed algorithm takes into account weather effects, step climbs during cruise and air traffic management constraints such as constant altitude segments, constant cruise Mach, and a pre-defined reference lateral navigation route. The aircraft fuel burn was computed using a numerical performance model which was created and validated using flight test experimental data.     

利用重要性采样的时差-频差联合估计算法

针对无源定位中参考信号真实值未知的时差(TDOA)-频差(FDOA)联合估计问题,构建了一种新的时差-频差最大似然(ML)估计模型,并采用重要性采样(IS)方法求解似然函数极大值,得到时差-频差联合估计。算法通过生成时差-频差样本,并统计样本加权均值得到估计值,克服了传统互模糊函数(CAF)算法只能得到时域和频域采样间隔整数倍估计值的问题,且不存在期望最大化(EM)等迭代算法的初值依赖和收敛问题。推导了时差-频差联合估计的克拉美罗下界(CRLB),并通过仿真实验表明,算法的计算复杂度适中,估计精度优于CAF算法和EM算法,在不同信噪比条件下估计误差接近CRLB。     

航空自组网STDMA时隙分配算法的设计与实现

航空自组网(AANET)是一种节点高速运动、网络拓扑持续快速变化的新型自组织网络。针对AANET的特点,提出了一种新的时分多址(TDMA)时隙分配方法。首先,根据高动态航空网络环境中媒体访问控制(MAC)协议的特点,推导出可以共用一个时隙进行通信的连接集合的计算方法,并建立了面向连接的空间复用TDMA(STDMA)时隙分配优化数学模型。然后,提出一种分布式STDMA时隙分配算法IDTA。IDTA不需要中心节点收集网络信息,分为2个同步的进程在发送节点和接收节点同时运行,而且能够根据连接的优先级按需分配时隙。最后,在OMNeT++仿真平台上建立计算机仿真模型,仿真结果显示:IDTA比其他分布式STDMA时隙分配算法更加适用于高动态的航空网络环境。     

L波段有源冷噪声源研究

本文介绍了有源冷噪声源的应用背景及发展现状。根据微波场效应晶体管常温下输出稳定低噪声的特性，以Avago公司的两种典型pHEMT晶体管为核心器件进行了ADS仿真设计，研制出两款有源冷噪声源。给出了对设计的两款器件的技术指标进行验证的L波段周期定标辐射计设计框图。仿真结果表明，以pHEMT型晶体管为核心器件设计成的L波段有源冷噪声源能输出稳定低噪声。     

基于加权多元线性回归的两步式时间同步算法

时间同步在通信、计算机、测控等网络中是一项重要技术。针对目标时钟在多同步源时的时间同步问题,从统计学中参数估计的角度建模,提出了一种基于WMLR (Weighted Multiple Linear Regression,加权多元线性回归)的两步式时间同步算法。此算法分为粗同步和精同步2个阶段,通过给不同的时间信息加权的方式提高同步精度,并且可以计算不同同步源之间存在的系统误差。结果表明,这一算法通过合理应用来自不同同步源的时间信息,可以提高时间同步的精度及稳定性。由于模型的普遍性,这一基于WMLR的算法也可以应用于其他类似的多源参数估计的场景中。