Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming (ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables (i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) on the forming process (e.g. surface roughness, forming force and geometric error) are investigated through a systematic experimental approach of central composite design (CCD) in two-point incremental sheet forming (TPIF). It is obtained that the increase in thickness of interpolators decreases the surface roughness in direction vertical to the tool path while increases the surface roughness in direction horizontal to the tool path. Nevertheless, the combined influence between thickness of interpolators and process parameters (tool diameter and step size) is limited. Meanwhile, the placement of interpolator has little influence on the effective forming force of blank. In addition, the geometric error enlarges with the increase of step size and thickness of interpolator while decreases firstly and then increase with an increase in tool diameter. Finally, the influencing mechanism of the interpolator method on surface quality can be attributed to the decrease of the contact pressure due to the increase of contact area with the unchanged contact force. Meanwhile, the interpolator method eliminates the sliding friction on the surface of blank due to the stable relative position between the blank and the interpolator.     

仿生正弦前缘对翼面动态失速的影响

动态失速导致叶片气动载荷急剧变化，造成振动载荷激增，桨叶寿命大幅衰减。针对动态失速问题，从座头鲸胸鳍在动态倾转下取得良好的流动特性获得启示，据此模化出仿生正弦前缘翼面（包含3种波峰和2种波长），旨在实现动态失速控制。借助三维非定常数值模拟方法，采用运动网格技术，基于SC1095旋翼翼型，研究了仿生前缘动态失速流动控制机理及运动参数和来流速度的影响。结果表明：正弦前缘大幅度降低俯仰力矩系数峰值和阻力系数峰值；前缘波峰越大、波长越小，阻力系数峰值与俯仰力矩系数峰值的抑制效果越明显，虽然升力系数峰值减小，但其减小量远小于前两者，例如其中一种仿生翼使俯仰力矩系数峰值减小了47.7%，阻力系数峰值减小了36.4%，升力系数峰值减小14.1%；在最大迎角附近，正弦前缘能够缓和失速特性，使载荷变化更为平缓；在高平均迎角、低俯仰频率、低马赫数下，仿生翼动态失速控制效果更强，相比较而言迎角振幅的影响较小。     

基于趋势符号聚合近似的卫星时序数据分类方法

作为在时间序列数据挖掘中广泛使用的主要符号化表示方法，符号聚合近似（SAX）使用段的平均值作为符号表示，由于无法区分具有不同趋势但具有相同平均值符号的不同时间序列，某些情况下可能会导致错误的分类。提出了一种改进的符号表示——趋势符号聚合近似（TrSAX），集成SAX与最小二乘法，用以描述时间序列的均值和斜率，并由此构建出BOTS分类器。此外，对卫星的模拟量遥测时序数据中的角度序列、转速序列、电流序列进行分析，并从UCR公开数据集中筛选出与3种序列类似的3个数据集进行分类实验验证。与应用了SAX和2个改进的SAX、经典的欧氏距离（ED）、动态时间规整（DTW）的1-NN分类方法进行对比，结果表明:提出的BOTS分类方法的分类错误率明显低于其他5种分类方法。      

Near-wall topological patterns and flow structures over a simplified Danaus plexippus model

Studies on the high-lift mechanisms of butterfly gliding flights shed light on the design of the micro air vehicles. The flow field around a simplified Danaus plexippus model is investigated using the hydrogen bubble visualization and the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques. There are three near-wall topological patterns with different Angles of Attack (AoAs): the separation bubble, the Leading-Edge Vortex (LEV) and the high AoAs flow. For the separation bubble pattern, two saddles and two foci form in the middle of the model. The features of the LEV pattern are the leading-edge separation lines. The topological characteristics of the separation lines are changed by the interaction between the LEV and the Wing-Tip Vortex (WTV). For the high AoAs flow pattern, four unstable foci are found at the forewing and the hindwing respectively. The angle between the trajectory of the WTV and the model increases with increasing AoA even though the slope of the WTV angle versus AoA curve declines at the moderate AoAs.     

倾转旋翼机巡航状态旋翼滑流影响

倾转旋翼机由于需要兼顾垂直起降和高速平飞2种典型工况下的动力需求，采用大直径旋翼作为推进装置会使机翼大部分处于旋翼滑流区内，这与常规螺旋桨飞机存在较大差异。为评估不同数值计算方法并研究旋翼滑流对倾转旋翼机气动特性的影响，针对选取两叶旋翼的某倾转旋翼机方案，利用激励盘模型、多参考系（MRF）模型、滑移网格模型分别进行了巡航状态下旋翼滑流对全机气动特性影响的数值模拟研究。结果表明:相对于无滑流状态，滑流定常影响使全机阻力增大，最大升阻比降低了7.5%，尾翼产生的升力增大，纵向静稳定度增加了17.1%，全机低头力矩增大；当迎角较小时，滑流虽然改变了机翼表面的升力分布，但是全机升力变化不大；滑流非定常影响会使全机气动特性产生周期性波动，升力系数波动幅度为9.0%，阻力系数波动幅度为10.8%，并且随着迎角的增大，波动幅度也越大。      

功率级无刷直流电动机四象限运行模拟器设计

针对无刷直流电动机（BLDCM）驱动控制器在研发过程中全工况测试困难、测试成本高和研发周期长的问题，提出了一种采用分区间采样和解算方法的、具有四象限运行能力的功率级（PHIL）无刷直流电动机模拟器，替代实物电动机和机械负载装置完成对两两导通控制方式下无刷直流电动机驱动控制器的各项性能测试与可靠性试验。该模拟器由实时仿真器、电动机模拟变换器和多级式双向变换器3部分组成，实时仿真器负责采集被测电动机驱动控制器输出的PWM电压，实时解算电动机模型得到三相电流指令，控制电动机模拟变换器生成三相电流，多级式双向变换器负责维持模拟器输入、输出间的能量平衡关系，从而实现对四象限运行时无刷直流电动机的功率级模拟。实验结果表明:所提出的功率级无刷直流电动机模拟器模拟精度高、实时性好、测试灵活，能够有效替代实物电动机和机械负载装置，满足电动机驱动控制器的测试需求。      

Applications of structural efficiency assessment method on structural-mechanical characteristics integrated design in aero-engines

In the design process of advanced aero-engines, it is necessary to carry out an effective analysis method between structural features and mechanical characteristics for a better structural optimization. Based on the structural composition and functions of aero-engines, the concept and contents of structural efficiency can reflect the relation between structural features and mechanical characteristics. In order to achieve the integrated design of structural and mechanical characteristics, one quantitative analysis method called Structural Efficiency Assessment Method (SEAM) was put forward. The structural efficiency coefficient was obtained by synthesizing the parameters to quantitatively evaluate the aero-engine structure design level. Parameterization method to evaluate structural design quality was realized. After analyzing the structural features of an actual dual-rotor system in typical high bypass ratio turbofan engines, the mechanical characteristics and structural efficiency coefficient were calculated. Structural efficiency coefficient of high-pressure rotor (0.43) is higher than that of low-pressure rotor (0.29), which directly shows the performance of the former is better, there is room for improvement in structural design of the low-pressure rotor. Thus the direction of structural optimization was pointed out. The applications of SEAM shows that the method is operational and effective in the evaluation and improvement of structural design.     

飞机电动滑行系统驱动特性及节能减排性能分析

针对某中程飞机设计了基于主起落架机轮驱动的飞机电动滑行系统（AETS），并对其进行了仿真分析。利用MATLAB/Simulink对AETS进行了建模，分别构建了驱动电机模型、机械系统模型和排放性能评估模型；在此基础上进行了驱动能力、稳定性及节能减排性能的仿真。结果表明:所设计系统驱动能力良好，稳定性优异，节能减排效果明显。利用所设计系统驱动目标飞机在地面上滑行最大速度可达4.91 m/s，基本满足滑行要求；当外在负载波动时，其滑行速度能够平稳调节；在相同条件下，当滑行距离为1 500 m时，利用AETS代替主发动机驱动飞机滑行可节省燃油75%以上，减排CO、HC、NO_X等有害气体67%以上。      

芯片间时间触发通信综合规划方法及其优化

随着片上系统（SoC）的处理能力逐渐接近传统的综合核心处理模块，航空电子系统向着微小型综合化的芯片间系统发展；时间触发交换式互连可以保证芯片间消息传递的严格时间确定性。考虑芯片间互连交换结构轻量化和收发端口有限的特点，在拓扑、路由和调度时刻等网络资源相互制约的条件下，提出了芯片间时间触发通信综合规划方法，即根据时间触发消息集合和芯片端口配置，同时求解得到芯片间网络拓扑结构、消息路由和调度时刻表的规划结果。其中，采用免疫算法整体优化了各条消息在网络资源分配过程中的求解次序。仿真实验表明，与不考虑整体优化的综合规划方法相比，优化后的规划结果在减少拓扑结构中多余路径开销的同时，避免消息传输路径拥堵，降低消息端到端延迟，保证了消息集的可调度性。      

超宽带变频系统中的本振产生技术研究

本振源是超宽带变频系统中的核心部件，本文以超宽带上变频系统为例，介绍变频系统中本振信号的产生技术。本文所设计的超宽带变频系统，经过三次上变频，可将(0.8~2.8)GHz 的低频信号变换至（0.5~40）GHz。变频过程中需要一系列点频本振和一组宽带本振，基于PLL+DFS 的方法产生点频本振，基于DDS+DFS 的方式产生宽带本振。