功率级无刷直流电动机四象限运行模拟器设计

针对无刷直流电动机（BLDCM）驱动控制器在研发过程中全工况测试困难、测试成本高和研发周期长的问题，提出了一种采用分区间采样和解算方法的、具有四象限运行能力的功率级（PHIL）无刷直流电动机模拟器，替代实物电动机和机械负载装置完成对两两导通控制方式下无刷直流电动机驱动控制器的各项性能测试与可靠性试验。该模拟器由实时仿真器、电动机模拟变换器和多级式双向变换器3部分组成，实时仿真器负责采集被测电动机驱动控制器输出的PWM电压，实时解算电动机模型得到三相电流指令，控制电动机模拟变换器生成三相电流，多级式双向变换器负责维持模拟器输入、输出间的能量平衡关系，从而实现对四象限运行时无刷直流电动机的功率级模拟。实验结果表明:所提出的功率级无刷直流电动机模拟器模拟精度高、实时性好、测试灵活，能够有效替代实物电动机和机械负载装置，满足电动机驱动控制器的测试需求。 

Design of four-quadrant power hardware-in-the-loop brushless DC motor emulator

Since it is difficult, costly, and time-consuming to test the power electronic converter of Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) in all operating conditions with a motor-load test bench, this paper proposes a four-quadrant Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) BLDCM emulator, which submits a methods of sampling and calculation based on the different operating regions. it can replace the motor-load test bench in the performance test and the reliability test of the BLDCM controller under a two-phase conduction control mode. Meanwhile, the paper employs a piecewise method to optimize the sampling and model calculation processes of the emulator. This PHIL BLDCM emulator comprises a real-time simulator, a motor simulation converter, and a multi-stage bidirectional converter. The real-time simulator measures the output PWM voltages of the power electronic converter and calculates the behavior of the electric motor by the real-time calculation model. The motor simulation converter receives the calculated currents as the control instruction and generates the currents of the emulator. In the meantime, the multi-stage bidirectional converter maintains the energy balance between the input and output of the emulator and realizes the PHIL simulation to the BLDCM operating in different states. The experimental results show that the proposed PHIL BLDCM emulator has many benefits, such as high simulation precision, good real-time performance, and flexible operation, it can achieve the PHIL simulation to the real BLDCM and the mechanical-load in the test of the BLDCM controller.