直升机抗噪声疲劳设计中的噪声测量

首先,以空气动力理论为基础,对直升机噪声的产生机理进行了分析,描述了直升机的噪声特性;然后,对直升机噪声测量的测试系统进行了阐述,并以小松鼠直升机为例,给出了直升机噪声测量的飞行航迹;还对直升机噪声的几种评价标准进行了说明,以实测数据为例介绍了直升机噪声处理的常规方法,其中包括A计权、1/3倍频程及声暴露级SEL等的计算;最后,给出了典型的数据处理结果。     

环境试验设备的状态空间法仿真设计

对于环境试验设备的设计,传统的工程设计方法是从指标出发,用半经验、稳态的方法设计系统,按照围护结构稳态放热量和试品冷透来计算制冷系统容量,这种稳态的计算结果通常比实际需要大的多.采用基于状态空间描述的分布参数模型用于系统动态仿真,可以允许对许多先不必要考虑的环节简化处理,对主要的负荷如围护结构、被试品等做精确的处理,可以较准确的得到总的制冷量需求,验证控制策略等,对于初期方案设计中系统制冷、加热设备容量的准确计算、不同方案的验证、控制方案的制定具有明显的意义.      

Fuzzy robust nonlinear control approach for electro-hydraulic flight motion simulator

A fuzzy robust nonlinear controller for hydraulic rotary actuators in flight motion simulators is proposed. Compared with other three-order models of hydraulic rotary actuators, the proposed controller based on first-order nonlinear model is more easily applied in practice, whose control law is relatively simple. It not only does not need high-order derivative of desired command,but also does not require the feedback signals of velocity, acceleration and jerk of hydraulic rotary actuators. Another advantage is that it does not rely on any information of friction, inertia force and external disturbing force/torque, which are always difficult to resolve in flight motion simulators. Due to the special composite vane seals of rectangular cross-section and goalpost shape used in hydraulic rotary actuators, the leakage model is more complicated than that of traditional linear hydraulic cylinders. Adaptive multi-input single-output(MISO) fuzzy compensators are introduced to estimate nonlinear uncertain functions about leakage and bulk modulus. Meanwhile, the decomposition of the uncertainties is used to reduce the total number of fuzzy rules. Different from other adaptive fuzzy compensators, a discontinuous projection mapping is employed to guarantee the estimation process to be bounded. Furthermore, with a sufficient number of fuzzy rules, the controller theoretically can guarantee asymptotic tracking performance in the presence of the above uncertainties, which is very important for high-accuracy tracking control of flight motion simulators.Comparative experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which can guarantee transient performance and better final accurate tracking in the presence of uncertain nonlinearities and parametric uncertainties.     

基于C8051F061的微机补偿晶体振荡器

设计了一种基于C8051F061芯片的新型微机补偿晶体振荡器(简称MCXO).由于C8051F061单片机丰富的硬件资源、同时充分发挥了软件的作用使得本设计具有结构简单、体积小、功耗低、开机预热时间短等优点,主要技术指标为:频率温度稳定度为±5×10-8(-40℃～+85℃),体积为(35×23×10)mm3,平均功耗不大于60mW.     

飞航导弹飞行中影响因素分析

为了预先准确地确定飞航导弹的实际飞行轨迹，保证战术指标的实现，从自然环境，弹上设备，特征参数三方面入手，分析了干扰源对导弹飞行性能的影响，得出了有益的结论。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

叶顶间隙对离心叶轮内部流动及气动性能的影响

通过求解 N- S方程 ,数值研究了叶顶间隙对 NASA低速大尺度离心压缩机 (L SCC)三维粘性流场及气动性能的影响 ,在计算程序中采用了当地时间步长、多重网格以及隐式参差光顺来进行加速。对具有 0 .0 % ,5 0 % ,10 0 % ,2 0 0 %倍设计间隙的 4种离心叶轮的流场及气动性能进行了数值预测。研究结果表明 (1) NASA低速大尺度离心压缩机 (L SCC)半开式叶轮的低速尾迹区在压力面与轮盖的角区 ,而相应的闭式叶轮的低速尾迹区聚集在轮盖的中心位置 ;(2 )数值实验表明 ,叶顶间隙并非越小越好 ,可能存在一个最优间隙 ,使得叶轮流动损失最小     

配置点谱方法求解推进剂供应管路瞬变流动

基于一维管道瞬变流理论和数值谱方法,给出了求解推进剂供应系统管路内液体瞬变流控制方程的Chebyshev配置点谱方法,通过将“超谱粘性项”引入控制方程,有效地消除了由于解的间断或大梯度变化引起的数值振荡.以一段两端分别连接贮箱和阀门的等截面圆直管为例,利用该方法对阀门关闭后管道内水击现象进行了计算,给出了相应的水击压力仿真结果,并分别与采用特征线法和有限元法求解的结果进行了分析比较,论证了Chebyshev配置点谱方法求解推进剂供应管路内流体瞬变流的可行性.     

Matching design of hydraulic load simulator with aerocraft actuator

 This paper intends to provide theoretical basis for matching design of hydraulic load simulator (HLS) with aerocraft actuator in hardware-in-loop test, which is expected to help actuator designers overcome the obstacles in putting forward appropriate requirements of HLS. Traditional research overemphasizes the optimization of parameters and methods for HLS controllers. It lacks deliberation because experimental results and project experiences indicate different ultimate performance of a specific HLS. When the actuator paired with this HLS is replaced, the dynamic response and tracing precision of this HLS also change, and sometimes the whole system goes so far as to lose control. Based on the influence analysis of the preceding phenomena, a theory about matching design of aerocraft actuator with HLS is presented, together with two paired new concepts of "Standard Actuator" and "Standard HLS". Further research leads to seven important conclusions of matching design, which suggest that appropriate stiffness and output torque of HLS should be carefully designed and chosen for an actuator. Simulation results strongly support that the proposed principle of matching design can be anticipated to be one of the design criteria for HLS, and successfully used to explain experimental phenomena and project experiences.     

An experimental study of the dual-loop control of electro-hydraulic load simulator （EHLS）

This paper investigates motion coupling disturbance（the so called surplus torque）in the hardware-in-the-loop（HIL）experiments.The＇＇velocity synchronization scheme＇＇was proposed by Jiao for an electro-hydraulic load simulator（EHLS）in 2004.In some situations,however,the scheme is limited in the implementation for certain reasons,as is the case when the actuator＇s valve signal is not available or it is seriously polluted by noise.To solve these problems,a＇＇dual-loop scheme＇＇is developed for EHLS.The dual-loop scheme is a combination of a torque loop and a position synchronization loop.The role of the position synchronization loop is to decouple the motion disturbance caused by the actuator system.To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme,extensive simulations are performed using AMESim.Then,the performance of the developed method is validated by experiments.