Independent modal variable structure fuzzy active vibration control of thin plates laminated with photostrictive actuators

Photostrictive actuators can produce photodeformation strains under illumination of ultraviolet lights. They can realize non-contact micro-actuation and vibration control for elastic plate structures. Considering the switching actuation and nonlinear dynamic characteristics of photostrictive actuators, a variable structure fuzzy active control scheme is presented to control the light intensity applied to the actuators. Firstly, independent modal vibration control equations of photoelectric laminated plates are established based on modal analysis techniques. Then, the optimal light switching function is derived to increase the range of sliding modal area, and the light intensity self-adjusting fuzzy active controller is designed. Meanwhile, a continuous function is applied to replace a sign function to reduce the variable structure control (VSC) chattering. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out, and simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy provides better performance and control effect to plate actuation and control than velocity feedback control, and suppresses vibration effectively.     

基于递阶遗传算法的结构非接触形状控制

以PLZT光致伸缩层合梁非接触形状控制问题为研究对象,提出了一种结合结构拓扑优化与递阶遗传算法的控制方法.该方法以PLZT光致伸缩驱动器的拓扑分布和照射的光强值为设计变量,以PLZT光致伸缩层合梁的期望形状与控制形状的差值函数为适应度函数,应用结构拓扑优化、递阶遗传算法和有限元法,优化了PLZT光致伸缩驱动器的分布和所照射的光强值.与基于传统遗传算法的形状控制方法的计算结果进行了对比分析,该方法的进化速度提高了91%以上,所控制的结构形状与期望形状的误差较传统遗传算法降低了76%以上.      

智能结构模糊振动控制的在环仿真

提出了采用压电材料作为传感器和驱动器,基于模糊逻辑的柔性结构主动振动控制方法,并在嵌入式微处理器上实现模糊控制策略.柔性智能梁结构为例,以单片机为控制器,采用数值方法在计算机上模拟柔性结构模型,利用计算机与单片机的串行通讯技术实现了梁结构振动控制的硬件在环仿真,并编制出良好的人机界面和硬件接口程序.仿真结果表明本文提出的模糊控制方法能够很好的实现对智能梁结构的振动抑制.     

考虑扰动输入/性能输出分布时作动/传感器配置优化

 针对结构振动控制问题，提出了一种考虑扰动输入/性能输出分布信息时作动/传感器的优化配置准则。在降维的模态坐标下建立状态空间形式的结构动力学方程，通过Lyapunov方程求解扰动和作动器的能控性Gramian矩阵，并利用矩阵奇异值分解获得扰动的能控性方向和作动器的能控性方向，通过同时最大化作动器对结构的作动能力以及作动器的能控性方向与扰动的能控性方向的一致性来确定作动器的最优位置。类似思想用于确定传感器的最优位置。以采用压电片为作动器的悬臂梁为例阐述了新准则的应用。     

柔性悬臂梁振动主动控制实验研究

以压电陶瓷为作动器，并采用独立模态控制法，对冲击载荷作用下的大柔度悬臂梁前三阶模态进行了振动主动控制研究。实验结果表明，使用独立模态控制方法，能有效地抑制悬臂梁的振动，控制效果非常明显。采用模态滤波和相移控制器进行模态分离和相位调节，可获得最大结构阻尼，取得良好的动态控制效果。     

Closed-loop dynamic control allocation for aircraft with multiple actuators

A closed-loop control allocation method is proposed for a class of aircraft with multiple actuators. Nonlinear dynamic inversion is used to design the baseline attitude controller and derive the desired moment increment. And a feedback loop for the moment increment produced by the deflections of actuators is added to the angular rate loop, then the error between the desired and actual moment increment is the input of the dynamic control allocation. Subsequently, the stability of the closed-loop dynamic control allocation system is analyzed in detail. Especially, the closedloop system stability is also analyzed in the presence of two types of actuator failures: loss of effectiveness and lock-in-place actuator failures, where a fault detection subsystem to identify the actuator failures is absent. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a canard rotor/wing (CRW) aircraft model in fixed-wing mode, which has multiple actuators for flight control. The nonlinear simulation demonstrates that this method can guarantee the stability and tracking performance whether the actuators are healthy or fail.     

应用分力合成主动振动抑制方法的最优飞行器大角度机动控制策略

 针对当代带大型挠性附件的空间飞行器,提出了分力合成主动振动抑制方法,并且分析了方法的鲁棒性。该方法可以保证挠性飞行器在实现指定的刚体运动的同时,抑制掉对系统影响较大的挠性振动模态,对频率不确定性的鲁棒性使得该方法易于工程实践。对于使用常幅值力矩喷气执行机构的航天器,设计了应用分力合成方法的时间—燃料最优机动控制律,数值仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。     

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

Fuzzy robust nonlinear control approach for electro-hydraulic flight motion simulator

A fuzzy robust nonlinear controller for hydraulic rotary actuators in flight motion simulators is proposed. Compared with other three-order models of hydraulic rotary actuators, the proposed controller based on first-order nonlinear model is more easily applied in practice, whose control law is relatively simple. It not only does not need high-order derivative of desired command,but also does not require the feedback signals of velocity, acceleration and jerk of hydraulic rotary actuators. Another advantage is that it does not rely on any information of friction, inertia force and external disturbing force/torque, which are always difficult to resolve in flight motion simulators. Due to the special composite vane seals of rectangular cross-section and goalpost shape used in hydraulic rotary actuators, the leakage model is more complicated than that of traditional linear hydraulic cylinders. Adaptive multi-input single-output(MISO) fuzzy compensators are introduced to estimate nonlinear uncertain functions about leakage and bulk modulus. Meanwhile, the decomposition of the uncertainties is used to reduce the total number of fuzzy rules. Different from other adaptive fuzzy compensators, a discontinuous projection mapping is employed to guarantee the estimation process to be bounded. Furthermore, with a sufficient number of fuzzy rules, the controller theoretically can guarantee asymptotic tracking performance in the presence of the above uncertainties, which is very important for high-accuracy tracking control of flight motion simulators.Comparative experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which can guarantee transient performance and better final accurate tracking in the presence of uncertain nonlinearities and parametric uncertainties.     

冗余度柔性机器人动态响应主动控制

研究了具有压电作动器与应变传感器的冗余度柔性机器人的振动主动控制问题。建立了该离散时变动力学系统的状态空间表达式。根据离散量小值原理设计了LQR最优控制律，并提出了一种状态估计的近似方法。平面3R冗余度柔性机器人的仿真算例表明，采用这种主动控制方法可使冗余度柔性机器人的动力学特性得到显改善。     

宏观机敏机构的振动主动控制

研究了具有压电作动器与应变传感器的柔性连杆机构的振动主动控制问题。应用复模态理论对宏观机敏机构的动力学方程进行解耦,建立了包含系统噪声与观测噪声的受控系统状态空间表达式,并分别设计了离散LQG状态反馈控制器与离散Kalma。滤波器。宏观机敏机构的在线振动控制实验表明,柔性连杆的应变峰值降低了80％,机构的动力学性能得到了显著改善。     

An active damping vibration control system for wind tunnel models

In wind tunnels, long cantilever sting support systems with low structural damping encounter flow separation and turbulence during wind tunnel tests, which results in destructive low-frequency and big-amplitude resonance, leading to data quality degradation and test envelope limitation. To ensure planed test envelope and obtain high-quality data, an active damping vibration control system independent of balance signal based on stackable piezoelectric actuators and velocity feedback using accelerometer, is proposed to improve the support stability and wind tunnel testing safety in transonic wind tunnel. Meanwhile, a design of powerful sting-root embedded active damping device is given and an active vibration control method is presented based on the mechanism analysis of aircraft model vibration. Furthermore, a self-adaptive fuzzy Proportion Differentiation(PD) control model is proposed to realize control parameters adjustment automatically for various testing conditions. Besides, verification tests are performed in laboratory and a continuous transonic wind tunnel. Experimental results indicate that the aircraft model does not vibrate obviously from -4° to 11° at Ma = 0.6, the number of useable angle-of-attack has increased by 7° at Ma = 0.6 and 5° at Ma = 0.7 respectively, satisfying the requirements of practical wind tunnel tests.     

基于反作用发动机推力的空天飞行器再入姿态飞行控制

研究了空天飞行器(ASV)再入跨大气层飞行时的姿态控制问题。在ASV跨大气层再入飞行时,通过反作用控制系统(RCS)中的反作用发动机推力产生控制力矩来控制ASV的姿态,以补偿气动舵面操纵失效或者部分失效而引起的控制力矩不足;随着空气密度的增加,气动舵面逐步介入控制系统,RCS随之逐步退出.由于快回路控制器产生进行姿态控制所需要的控制力矩,其通过相应的控制分配将控制力矩映射到作动器,为了减轻作动器的抖振,提出了利用基于区域模型的T-S模糊多模型控制方法设计快回路控制器,在跟踪期望角速度的同时,柔化控制信号.最后通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性.      

低控制电压的杂交阻尼

提出一种用多层压电片和约束阻尼层在低控制电压下进行结构振动的杂交阻尼控制方式。基于各种材料的本构关系,导出了多层压电片作用在梁结构上的力和所施加的电压以及结构的运动之间的耦合关系和系统的控制微分方程。讨论了多层压电片附加位置的优化。仿真计算表明,这种杂交阻尼控制方式有着良好的振动抑制效果和较低的控制电压。     

压电作动器用于振动主动控制技术的研究

 从理论和实验两方面分析了利用压电作动器进行柔性结构振动主动控制的机理，从能量的角度对施加控制时悬臂梁自由衰减振动的阻尼比进行了理论计算，得出了主动阻尼比与反馈增益之间的关系。建立相应的实验系统，对上述关系式进行了实验验证。     

高阶柔性结构系统振动控制中加权函数的选择

 总结了混合灵敏度H_∞控制算法中加权函数阵的选择方法,提出了一种新的选择加权函数矩阵的思想。以某悬臂梁为研究对象,将混合灵敏度H_∞控制方法应用在高阶柔性结构的振动主动控制问题中,完成了两输入两输出结构振动控制的控制器设计和算法仿真。结果表明,通过本方法选择加权函数矩阵,可在满足鲁棒稳定性的前提下,使外部干扰得到有效抑制,减振效果良好。     

导弹气动力/直接力自适应控制分配及优化设计

 建立了具有气动力和直接侧向力混合控制的导弹动力学模型，提出了模糊自适应控制分配与复合控制器优化集成设计方案。设计了基于参考模型的模糊自适应控制分配策略，使气动力/直接力动态分配过程中复合执行机构等效动态特性与参考模型一致。采用进化策略对导弹复合控制系统参数进行了多目标优化设计。仿真结果表明：导弹复合控制系统具有很好的快速大机动跟踪能力，实现了导弹气动力和直接侧向力之间合理的自适应控制分配。     

多阶复合振动的模糊推理移相控制研究

针对空间柔性结构阻尼小、非线性以及不确定性等特点,采用模糊推理智能控制方法,对柔性结构多阶频率的振动进行控制。结果表明,模糊推理智能控制对于非线性、不确定性结构的振动控制较为有效,控制精度较高,并有较强的鲁棒性和稳定性。     

含脱胶压电传感器/驱动器的智能结构的有限元分析

将压电传感器、驱动器粘贴在复合材料结构的表面可实现结构的振动主动控制 ,但若传感器、驱动器部分脱开会对结构的静、动态特性产生显著影响。建立了一个新的加强假定应变压电固体单元 ,用于压电自适应层合结构振动主动控制的模拟仿真。与现有的压电固体单元相比 ,所建单元性能更优越 ,精度和计算效率更高 ,并能用于壳体结构的分析。采用相同坐标值但不同的节点号的方法模拟脱层 ,利用该单元分析了传感器、驱动器脱开对结构动力学特性的影响。     

MIMO系统模糊控制及其在飞行控制中的应用

提出了ＭＩＭＯ系统最优模糊控制规则自学习方法,并采用传统动态规划法确定出全局最优模糊控制规则,这些规则满足使模糊性能性能最小的要求,同时还讨论了规则的复杂性和工程实用性等基本问题。研究结果证明了该方法的正确性与实用性。