Range Sidelobe Suppression for Barker Codes

The utility of Barker-type phase-reversal codes is extended by the use of sidelobe suppression techniques that can be easily implemented in digital form. It is shown that sidelobe suppression techniques can be found where the tapped delay line used to reduce the sidelobes has only a few distinct tap weights, in which case the complexity of the digital processor is greatly reduced. An example is given where the technique is applied to Barker codes with positive sidelobes, specifically, the 13-element Barker code. If higher pulse compression factors are desired than are obtainable with Barker codes, multistage Barker codes may be used. The sidelobes then may be suppressed for any one or all of the different coding stages.     

任意K元Huffman树的新构造

给出了一种简单而有效地构造任意k元最优Huffman树的新方法。给出了Huffman村存贮的父母一子女环结构,该结构空间利用率高,在不增加parent域的情况下,使查找父母的T（m）达到O（1）,并能高效实现建立最优Huffman树和求Huffman编码的算法,无论是空间复杂度还是时间复杂度均优于传统算法,具有很强的实用性。     

Effects of Doppler Mismatch on Combined Barker Codes

The output response of a matched filter for several cases of combined Barker codes is computed for various amounts of Doppler mismatch. It is shown that combined Barker codes, like conventional Barker codes, are extremely sensitive to Doppler shift.     

Synthesis of Efficient Huffman Sequences

A method is presented for choosing the zero pattern of the z transform of a Huffman (impulse-equivalent) sequence so that the energy of the sequence is large for a given peak amplitude. The scheme applies to real and complex Huffman sequences. Illustrative examples are given and the ambiguity functions of the synthesized signals are shown.     

A new algorithm to optimize Barker code sidelobe suppressionfilters

The authors suggest a new algorithm for binary coding waveform sidelobe reduction after matched filtering and present a general method by which optimized sidelobe suppression filters for Barker codes can be obtained with a peak output sidelobe 2.62 dB lower than the results found in the literature (for 13-b Barker code). This optimization algorithm is also promising for other binary coding waveforms, such as truncated pseudonoise (PN) sequences and concatenated codes. This new approach can readily be applied to sidelobe-reduction filter design for other binary coding waveforms, such as truncated PN sequences, concatenated codes, etc., which often find their applications in radar systems and spread spectrum communication systems     

Quasi-Complementary Sequences

A method of constructing digital phase reversal codes which have few nonzero sidelobes and which are available in frequent lengths is given. This is particularly important in the area of longer codes. The codes are a form of combined sequence and, hence, have the desirable property of bandwidth reduction for the outer code. However, only two member codes are required. A major usage of these codes may be in addressing.     

Variable Format Radar Receiver Using a SAW Convolver

A technique for receiving radar pulse trains is presented [which can be of a variable format in the sense that they vary from pulse to pulse]. The heart of the receiver is a sufrace ascoustic wave (SAW) convolver. In addition to prsenting experimental results for variable format waveform reception, it is shown that the convolver can easily generate ambiguity functions for virtually any waveform, and specific results for signals such as Barker codes and linear FM (chirp) waveforms are presented.     

The Design of Huffman Sequences

The paper presents a method by which the zeros of the polynomial representing a Huffman (impulse-equivalent) pulse sequence can be chosen so as to exert a degree of control on the form of the energy distribution of the signal in the time-frequency plane. This makes it possible to design Huffman pulse sequences which are suitable for use as radar or sonar signals in situations where significant target velocity occurs.     

基于二相编码的探测干扰一体化信号波形设计与仿真

如今,在信号处理技术飞速发展的背景下,针对传统的雷达信号设计暴露出的功能单一、低截获性能差以及距离速度分辨力较低等问题,构建了 1种基于十三位巴克码的探测干扰一体化信号波形。文中对其调制原理进行了分析,对其中的二相编码序列分量、伪随机码序列分量进行自相关函数特征分析,并分别从模糊函数、功率谱角度分析其探测特性和干扰特性。仿真实验证明,探测干扰一体化信号样式相较于单一调制的十三位巴克码信号具有较好的模糊函数和功率谱特性,在保持二相编码信号良好的多普勒敏感特性基础上,具有更好的距离分辨力以及更 大的干扰带宽。     

Switching control of morphing aircraft based on Q-learning

This paper investigates a switching control strategy for the altitude motion of a morphing aircraft with variable sweep wings based on Q-learning. The morphing process is regarded as a function of the system states and a related altitude motion model is established. Then, the designed controller is divided into the outer part and inner part, where the outer part is devised by a combination of the back-stepping method and command filter technique so that the ‘explosion of complexity’ problem is eliminated. Moreover, the integrator structure of the altitude motion model is exploited to simplify the back-stepping design, and disturbance observers inspired from the idea of extended state observer are devised to obtain estimations of the system disturbances. The control input switches from the outer part to the inner part when the altitude tracking error converges to a small value and linear approximation of the altitude motion model is applied. The inner part is generated by the Q-learning algorithm which learns the optimal command in the presence of unknown system matrices and disturbances. It is proved rigorously that all signals of the closed-loop system stay bounded by the developed control method and controller switching occurs only once. Finally, comparative simulations are conducted to validate improved control performance of the proposed scheme.     

A neural network approach to pulse radar detection

A multilayer feedforward neural network is applied to pulse compression. The 13-element Barker code and the maximum-length sequences (m-sequences) with lengths 15, 31, and 63 b were used as the signal codes, and four networks were implemented, respectively. In each of these networks, the number of input units was the same as the signal length while the number of hidden units was three and the number of output units was one. In training each of these networks, backpropagation learning was used and the number of training epochs was 500. Using this approach, a more than 40 dB output peak signal-to-sidelobe ratio can be achieved. These fault-tolerant neural networks can provide a robust means for pulse radar detection     

航空发动机双层结构金属机匣的弹道试验

为研究航空发动机双层结构金属机匣在受叶片冲击时的包容性问题,利用滑膛炮试验系统对双层钛合金带不同间隙叠层靶板进行打靶弹道试验。通过28次有效的弹道试验发现:对比内层（迎弹面）、外层靶板厚度相同带间隙组合的试验结果,间隙越大靶板抗侵彻能力越差;对比不带间隙组合试验结果,内层较薄组合的抗侵彻能力强于内、外层厚度相同组合。采用商业有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对打靶试验进行了数值仿真,有限元仿真与试验结果吻合较好,并发现内层较薄组合的抗侵彻能力强于内层较厚组合,且两者均强于内、外层厚度相同组合;各个组合在没有间隙的情况下,弹道极限随叶片攻角增加而增加,但是速度曲线突增的攻角有所不同。无量纲靶厚决定了叶片冲击双层靶板的破坏模式。      

Plasmasphere Response: Tutorial and Review of Recent Imaging Results

The plasmasphere is the cold, dense innermost region of the magnetosphere that is populated by upflow of ionospheric plasma along geomagnetic field lines. Driven directly by dayside magnetopause reconnection, enhanced sunward convection erodes the outer layers of the plasmasphere. Erosion causes the plasmasphere outer boundary, the plasmapause, to move inward on the nightside and outward on the dayside to form plumes of dense plasma extending sunward into the outer magnetosphere. Coupling between the inner magnetosphere and ionosphere can significantly modify the convection field, either enhancing sunward flows near dusk or shielding them on the night side. The plasmaspheric configuration plays a crucial role in the inner magnetosphere; wave-particle interactions inside the plasmasphere can cause scattering and loss of warmer space plasmas such as the ring current and radiation belts.     

Optimum Mismatched Filters for Sidelobe Suppression

This paper discusses the application of least-mean-squares approximate inverse filtering techniques to radar range sidelobe reduction. The method is illustrated by application to the 13-element Barker code. The performance of the least-mean-square inverse filter is compared with the matched filter and with the simplified sidelobereducing filters of Rihaczek and Golden. A filter which completely suppresses the range sidelobes of a 13-element Barker sequence is only 0.2 dB worse than a matched filter in noise.     

Research of low boom and low drag supersonic aircraft design

Sonic boom reduction will be an issue of utmost importance in future supersonic transport, due to strong regulations on acoustic nuisance. The paper describes a new multi-objective optimization method for supersonic aircraft design. The method is developed by coupling Seebass–George–Darden(SGD) inverse design method and multi-objective genetic algorithm.Based on the method, different codes are developed. Using a computational architecture, a conceptual supersonic aircraft design environment(CSADE) is constructed. The architecture of CSADE includes inner optimization level and out optimization level. The low boom configuration is generated in inner optimization level by matching the target equivalent area distribution and actual equivalent area distribution. And low boom/low drag configuration is generated in outer optimization level by using NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize the control parameters of SGD method and aircraft shape. Two objective functions, low sonic boom and low wave drag, are considered in CSADE. Physically reasonable Pareto solutions are obtained from the present optimization. Some supersonic aircraft configurations are selected from Pareto front and the optimization results indicate that the swept forward wing configuration has benefits in both sonic boom reduction and wave drag reduction. The results are validated by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis.     

Thermal and Chemical Evolution of Comet Nuclei and Kuiper Belt Objects

The structure and composition of comet nuclei are mainly altered during two short phases that are separated by a very long hibernation phase. Early evolution—during and immediately after formation—is the result of heating caused by radioactive decay, the most important source being ²⁶Al. Several studies are reviewed, dealing with evolution throughout this phase, calculated by means of 1-D numerical codes that solve the heat and mass balance equations on a fixed spherically symmetric grid. It is shown that, depending on parameters, the interior may reach temperatures above the melting point of water. The models thus suggest that comets are likely to lose the ices of very volatile species during early evolution; ices of less volatile species are retained in the cold subsurface layer. As the initially amorphous ice is shown to crystallize in the interior, some objects may also lose part of the volatiles trapped in amorphous ice. Generally, the outer layers are far less affected than the inner part, resulting in a stratified composition and altered porosity distribution. The second phase of evolution occurs when comet nuclei are deflected into the inner solar system and is dominated by the effect of solar radiation. Now the outer layers are those mostly affected, undergoing crystallization, loss of volatiles, and significant structural changes. If any part of a comet nucleus should retain its pristine structure and composition, it would be well below the surface and also well above the core.     

音频信号联合编码算法码书长度研究

为进一步减小音频信号的码率,针对基于线性预测编码、SOM神经网络矢量编码以及Huffman编码相结合的声音信号联合编码(以下简称联合编码),提出了通过合理选择码书长度值进一步减小声音信号码率的算法。利用Matlab软件编程进行了不同码书长度值的声音信号编解码实验。实验结果表明,在保证声音质量的前提下,通过合理选择码书长度值,可以使声音信号的码率远低于MEPG-1 Layer3的最低64kb/s标准码率,达到11.025kb/s的码率值。文章提出的编码算法可为音频压缩编码的进一步研究提供参考。     

分组级短码长LT喷泉码的工程应用

针对LT喷泉码在准单向链路、高差错、链路恶劣易中断的信道环境应用时出现的运算量大、译码时延长、编码效率较低等问题,文章提出使用基于数据分块的分组级短码长喷泉码方案。其思想是将短码长LT码方案和分组级LT码方案结合起来,并且在数据子块的度序列生成过程中加入度值检测机制。实验仿真结果表明:与已提出的LT码方案相比,该方案能够有效地降低译码开销、计算代价和译码时延,提高系统的最大传输效率。     

封严间隙对盘缘密封性能影响的数值研究

通过对真实工况下高压涡轮的盘缘封严进行三维数值模拟,研究了3种不同轴向间隙和径向间隙对封严效率和盘腔内流场变化特性的影响规律,结果表明:针对复合封严结构及研究参数范围,由于静盘封严环将盘腔划分为封严外容腔和封严内容腔,而封严外容腔可以有效地将主流燃气阻隔在内,因此封严内容腔具有较高的封严效率。当轴向间隙增大时,封严环轴向重合度会逐渐减小,同时冷气出流阻力降低,盘腔的封严效率因而提高。当轴向间隙一定径向间隙逐渐减小时,封严外容腔径向距离减小,此时盘腔低半径处封严效率升高。     

套筒式张线天平的研制

根据民机张线测力试验的特殊要求,研制了一台套筒结构形式的张线天平。详细介绍了该天平在研制中遇到的难点、关键技术的解决措施以及研制的结果。天平元件布置在58mm的外套筒上,内杆直径为44mm,外套筒和内杆通过楔块焊接在一起。法向力、俯仰力矩和滚转力矩为拉压变形,横向力和偏航力矩为＂S＂形变形,轴向力为弯曲变形,元件支撑部分受拉压变形且刚度较强。通过对天平进行有限元分析,在法向力和俯仰力矩作用下,得出的应变结果与实际输出基本吻合。风洞试验结果表明：天平设计合理,天平外套筒、内杆及张线支撑系统刚度好,天平各分量测量精度高。