压电陶瓷驱动器的迭代学习逆补偿混合控制

由于压电驱动器具有迟滞、蠕变等非线性特征,在精密定位中存在较大的位移跟踪误差。本文对此提出了一种逆补偿和迭代学习控制算法相结合的控制方法。利用逆补偿器作为前馈,使压电陶瓷驱动器的位移跟踪误差得到一定的补偿,再利用迭代学习控制方法进行反馈,进一步减小压电驱动器的位移跟踪误差。仿真实验结果表明,该方法具有良好的控制效果,能够将驱动器的输出位移误差由37.26%减小到0.51%以内。     

压电陶瓷微位移系统的变参数PID闭环控制方法

针对压电陶瓷器件在精密定位控制中存在的迟滞、蠕变和位移非线性等不足,本文采用压电陶瓷直接粘贴应变片组成测量电桥作为位置反馈环节,设计了带上下限位的变参数PID闭环控制微位移系统,达到了预期的控制精度和效果.     

采用压电叠层作动器的弹性梁振动主动控制实验研究

结构响应主动控制系统中常用的惯性作动器由于附加质量大、工作频带窄和响应速度慢等缺点,降低了控制系统的性能。压电作动器具有质量轻、工作频带宽和响应速度快等优点,作为高效执行元件能有效地提高控制系统的性能。本文采用压电叠层作动器驱动自由-自由弹性梁模型,以观测点的加速度响应为控制目标,采用频域谐波稳态控制策略进行了自由梁结构谐波振动响应主动控制实验研究。实验结果表明,本文建立的采用压电叠层作动器的结构响应主动控制系统能有效地控制弹性梁结构的振动水平,并具有快速跟踪外激励变化的自适应控制能力。     

采用压电叠层作动器的弹性梁振动主动控制实验研究简

 结构响应主动控制系统中常用的惯性作动器由于附加质量大、工作频带窄和响应速度慢等缺点,降低了控制系统的性能。压电作动器具有质量轻、工作频带宽和响应速度快等优点,作为高效执行元件能有效地提高控制系统的性能。本文采用压电叠层作动器驱动自由-自由弹性梁模型,以观测点的加速度响应为控制目标,采用频域谐波稳态控制策略进行了自由梁结构谐波振动响应主动控制实验研究。实验结果表明,本文建立的采用压电叠层作动器的结构响应主动控制系统能有效地控制弹性梁结构的振动水平,并具有快速跟踪外激励变化的自适应控制能力。     

直升机振动主动控制的机身/压电叠层作动器耦合优化法

直升机振动主动控制通常使用惯性作动器,一般惯性作动器的附加重量要占到机体重量的4％～5％才有较好的控制效果.压电叠层作动器(PSA)作为轻质、高效的执行元件用于直升机振动主动控制可有效地降低附加重量、提高控制性能.本文将压电叠层作动器用于直升机振动主动控制,并提出了机身/压电叠层作动器耦合优化法.采用基于频率响应函数的...     

基于压电陶瓷的空气作动器特性研究及应用仿真分析

提出了一种新型的基于压电陶瓷的非接触式空气作动器,对其静、动态特性进行了分析与实际测 试,并进一步对基于空气作动器的混合隔振系统进行了分析与仿真。     

一种有效的抑制压电陀螺动态误差的方法

提出了一种基于小波滤波的补偿压电陀螺动态误差的方法.与自适应卡尔曼滤波、IIR低通滤波方法在实际工程中应用的比较和大量的跑车实验表明,该方法能够有效去除压电陀螺动态误差噪声干扰,提高压电陀螺使用精度.     

航空机电作动器神经网络快速终端滑模控制

目前机电作动器由于具有干净、维护方便等优点,越来越受到航空业的青睐。航空机电作动器的特点是控制精度、稳定性和响应速度要求高,针对以上特点,提出了一种基于多层神经网络的快速终端滑模控制策略。为了提高航空作动器响应速度和跟踪精度,设计了快速终端滑模控制策略,不仅可以加快系统响应而且可以在无扰动情况下实现系统的有限时间稳定。针对系统参数不确定性和外部扰动,设计多层神经网络进行估计并通过前馈方法加以补偿。针对神经网络的重构误差,设计了非线性鲁棒项加以克服。利用李亚普洛夫稳定性定理证明了控制系统在有扰动情况下可以实现有界稳定。实验结果表明：所设计的控制器具有良好的参数自适应和抗干扰能力,同时具有更高的跟踪精度和更快的响应速度。     

压电纤维复合材料驱动的机翼动态形状控制

利用压电材料实现柔性机翼的主动形状控制,能够有效提高机翼结构效率和气动性能;要实现连续、光滑的高精确形状控制效果,机翼变形过程必须满足一定的动态要求。本文利用在上下翼面反对称铺设的新型压电纤维复合材料——宏纤维复合材料(MFC)提供驱动力矩,研究了机翼扭转变形的前馈轨迹跟踪控制。首先建立了机翼结构有限元模型和气动力载荷模型,采用载荷比拟法得到MFC作动器的控制载荷向量,给出了气动弹性控制方程及其状态空间表达形式。为跟踪预设的变形参考轨迹,以跟踪误差的时域积分为目标函数,对MFC作动器的电压加载历程进行了优化设计。结果表明,采用规划后的电压加载历程,机翼气动弹性响应很好地跟踪了预期参考轨迹,实现了连续、光滑的动态形状控制效果,提高了控制精度。     

基于MRP的全局稳定的PID刚体姿态控制

针对刚性航天器姿态控制问题,建立了由修正Rodrigues参数(MRP)表示的混杂姿态模型,并基于此模型设计了一种具有迟滞特性的非线性比例-积分-微分(PID)切换控制器.该控制器包含一个对克里奥利力矩和期望机动力矩的前馈补偿项和一个用于消除轨迹跟踪误差的PID反馈项.通过一个特别的Lyapunov函数分析得到了全局渐...     

直升机后缘襟翼驱动器迟滞现象仿真与抑制

直升机后缘襟翼多采用压电驱动器作为驱动元件，但是在使用过程中压电驱动器迟滞会对其振动控制性能产生不利影响，因此针对压电驱动器迟滞开展了迟滞建模与抑制研究。通过实验研究了压电驱动器在不同驱动频率下的迟滞特性，采用Bouc-Wen模型对驱动器迟滞现象进行了建模，并采用粒子群算法（PSO）辨识模型参数，与实际测量迟滞曲线进行了对比，在10~60 Hz范围内所建立的迟滞模型能够较为精确地描述压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了基于Bouc-Wen逆模型的前馈补偿控制与PID反馈控制相结合的复合控制策略，实验结果显示该控制策略能够在10~60 Hz较宽的频率范围内有效抑制该压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了考虑驱动器迟滞的主动控制后缘襟翼振动控制动力学模型，并对中等速度稳态前飞条件下后缘襟翼振动控制性能进行了仿真，仿真结果显示驱动器迟滞会在一定程度上削弱振动控制性能，而采用复合控制可以提高后缘襟翼旋翼振动控制性能。     

高精度液压仿真转台鲁棒控制

 针对液压仿真转台具有时变不确定性、复杂外干扰等特点和高精度控制性能要求，提出了一种鲁棒复合控制结构，该结构由鲁棒内回路补偿器、外回路反馈控制器和输入信号前馈补偿器三部分组成。其中，鲁棒内回路补偿器用来抑制外干扰和时变不确定性的影响，外回路反馈控制器的作用是保证闭环系统的整体性能，输入信号前馈补偿器实现对系统动态时滞的补偿，以保证对参考信号的精确跟踪。以某型液压仿真转台内环为例，首先根据所提出控制策略的基本思想，给出了控制系统的具体设计过程，然后，进行了阶跃响应、低速跟踪和正弦响应试验。试验结果表明，所提出的鲁棒控制策略是有效的和可行的。     

Compound Control for Hydraulic Flight Motion Simulator

The design of a compound control is presented for the servo system of hydraulic flight motion simulator, which suffers from highly nonlinear dynamics, large parameter time-variation and severe load coupling among channels. The compound control is composed of a robust feedback controller and a feedforward compensator. The design aim is to achieve high tracking performance even in the presence of considerable uncertainty, external disturbance and load coupling among channels. Toward this aim the feedback controller for rejecting perturbation and disturbance is designed by using μ synthesis optimization technique and the feedforward compensator for compensating time lag of dynamic system is established based on the basic idea of zero phase error tracking. To validate the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are implemented, and show that the resulting system is highly robust against model perturbation and possesses excellent capability of suppressing the load coupling and improving the tracking performance.     

一种改进的基于分解控制的非线性力矩补偿策略及其在直流电机系统中的应用

 针对直流电机系统中存在的非线性摩擦力矩和波动力矩，提出一种改进的非线性力矩补偿策略，将重复控制机制引入到基于分解控制的补偿策略中。其中，鲁棒自适应补偿器用来补偿系统中存在的非线性摩擦力矩和波动力矩；而插入的重复控制器用来进一步提高系统运动曲线的跟踪性能。二者的综合构成了系统完整的控制律。Lyapunov方法证明了闭环控制系统的全局稳定性。最后，通过对高精度伺服系统的仿真研究证明了该改进补偿策略的有效性。     

Energy-saving and accurate motion control of a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads

Pump controlled hydraulic actuators are wildly used in the aerospace industry owing to the advantages of energy-saving and integrated configurations. Negative loads may occur to actuators due to external force loads or the inertial force when the actuator decelerates significantly. Uncertain negative load working conditions may cause cavitation, actuator vibration, and even instability to the motion control if the actuator is without sufficient meter-out damping. Various types of hydraulic configuration schemes have been proposed to deal with negative loads of hydraulic actuators. However, few of them can simultaneously achieve energy saving and high control accuracy. This study proposes an energy-saving and accurate motion tracking strategy for a hydraulic actuator with uncertain negative loads. The actuator’s motion is driven by a servomotor pump, which gives full play to the advantage of energy-saving. The meter-out pressure is controlled by proportional valves to provide the optimized meter-out damping. The nonlinear adaptive robust control law is designed, which guarantees the control stability and achieve high tracking accuracy. An integrated direct/indirect adaptation law obtains satisfactory parameter estimations and model compensation for asymptotic motion tracking. Comparative experiments under different working conditions were performed to validate the advantages of the proposed control strategy.     

不确定性非线性系统的自适应输出反馈控制

研究了一种不确定性非线性系统的自适应输出反馈控制方法.首先引入伪控制信号使系统反馈线性化,然后设计一个线性动态补偿器和在线神经网络,自适应消除不确定性和建模所引起的误差.仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够消除系统的稳态误差,提高系统动态性能,并且具有较好的鲁棒性.     

Fractional order modeling and control of dissimilar redundant actuating system used in large passenger aircraft

In this paper, a methodology has been developed to address the issue of force fighting and to achieve precise position tracking of control surface driven by two dissimilar actuators. The nonlinear dynamics of both actuators are first approximated as fractional order models. Based on the identified models, three fractional order controllers are proposed for the whole system. Two Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers are dedicated to improving transient response and are designed in a position feedback configuration. In order to synchronize the actuator dynamics, a third fractional order PI controller is designed, which feeds the force compensation signal in position feedback loop of both actuators. Nelder-Mead (N-M) optimization technique is employed in order to optimally tune controller parameters based on the proposed performance criteria. To test the proposed controllers according to real flight condition, an external disturbance of higher amplitude that acts as airload is applied directly on the control surface. In addition, a disturbance signal function of system states is applied to check the robustness of proposed controller. Simulation results on nonlinear system model validated the performance of the proposed scheme as compared to optimal PID and high gain PID controllers.     

A Backstepping Simple Adaptive Control Application to Flexible Space Structures

Although the simple adaptive control (SAC) is widely studied both in theory and application in flexible space structure control and other control problems, it is restricted by the almost strictly positive real (ASPR) conditions. In most practical control problems, the ASPR conditions are not satisfied. Therefore, based on the SAC theory, this paper proposes a backstepping simple adaptive control algorithm which suits the system with arbitrary relative degree with no need of parallel feedforward compensator. The proposed control algorithm consists of decomposition of the arbitrary relative degree system into a known subsystem and an unknown ASPR subsystem which are connected in cascade, design of constant output feedback controller for the known subsystem, and implementation of backstepping method and SAC of the unknown ASPR subsystem. Inheriting the characteristics of the SAC, this method can be adaptive online for the parameter uncertainties. Then, the application of the proposed controller to large flexible space structure with collocated sensors and actuators is studied, and the simulation results validate the proposed controller. It is a new strategy to apply the classical SAC to high relative degree plants.