COMPUTING REACTIVE FLOW ON A COARSE GRID

INTRODUCTIONConsider the Euler equations supplementedby an additional reactive equation which consistsof a scalar balance law for the mass fraction ofunburntgasρρuρEρY t+ρuρu2 + pρu E + upρu Y x=κ000-ρΘ( T) Ywhereρ is the density,ρu the momentum,ρEthe total specific energy,ρY the mass fraction ofunburnt gas( 0≤ Y≤ 1 ) ,κ a large number( thereaction rate) and T temperature.Θ( T) =01 　if T≤ Tignif T>Tign,Tign is the ignition temperature,E=pγ- 1 + u22 + q0 Y,p is …     

A FINITE ELEMENT SOLVER FOR NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS VIA VORTICITY AND VELOCITY

INTRODUCTIONThe stationary incompressible Navier- Stokesequations in the primitive variables( velocity uand pressure p)- vΔu + u . u + p =f . u =0u =g　inΩinΩonΓ( 1 )whereΩ is a set of R2 ,Γ its boundary,v thekinematic viscosity of the fluid,f a field of givenbody forces,and g a given field defined onΓ sa-tisfying the global conservation property∫Γg . n =0 ( 2 )n denotes the unit outer normal vector toΓ.The vorticity- velocity system of Eq.( 1 ) ,byintroducing the vorticityω…     

Linear Codes with Two Weights or Three Weights from Two Types of Quadratic forms

Let F_qbe afinite field with q=pmelements,where pis an odd prime and mis apositive integer.Here,let D_0={(x_1,x_2)∈F_q~2\{(0,0)}:Tr(x_1~(pk1+1)+x_2~(pk2+1))=c},where c∈F_q,Tr is the trace function fromFF_qtoFpand m/(m,k_1)is odd,m/(m,k_2)is even.Define ap-ary linear code C_D =c(a_1,a_2):(a_1,a_2)∈F_q~2},where c(a_1,a_2)=(Tr(a_1x_1+a_2x_2))_((x1,x2)∈D).At most three-weight distributions of two classes of linear codes are settled.     

非稳态四阶椭圆方程的Galerkin有限元法

针对平面有界凸多角形区域上一类非稳态四阶椭圆方程 u t+Δ2 u =f (x,t) (x,t)∈Ω× [0 ,T]u = u n=0 (x,t)∈ Ω× [0 ,T]u(x,0 ) =u0 (x) x∈Ω的初边值问题进行了 Galerkin有限元方法分析。首先给出了所讨论问题的 Galerkin有限元方法的离散格式 ,其次对所讨论问题的解与其离散问题的解之间的误差进行了分析研究 ,最后利用椭圆投影算子的性质 ,获得了一定模意义下的一些误差估计     

二维电磁衍射场的静场近似

设通过保角变换: ζ=x+jy=Aζ_1+A_1ζ_1~(-1)+A_2ζ_2~(-2)+……使无限长导体柱的正截面外部变成ζ_1平面上的单位园外部。由二维的Helmholtz公式出发,求得当波长远较柱截面尺寸为大的平面电磁波以垂直于柱轴的方向投射时: (1)E_1平行于柱轴,E_1=exp[jb(ycosα-xsinα)],则远区衍射场 (2)H_1平行于柱轴,H_1=exp[jk(ycosα-xsina)],则远区衍射场 其中:S=截面积, u=cosθ+jsinθ=(x+jy/γ), p=2π(∈μ)(1/2)A(e~(jα)A_1-e~(jα)A),p=P_α+jP_y所相应的矢量P=i_xP_x+i_yP_y就是导体柱在入射波的电场下所感应的等效电矩。 在椭柱(长短半径各为a,b)的情形中: A=(a+b)/2,A_1=(a-b)/2,S=πaba=b就是圆柱的情形;b=0就是薄片的情形,利用Babinet原理,可推得平面上无限长开槽的情形——此二情形都已有准确解,与本文结果相比较,当ka→0时,只差高阶无限小。     

一类二维样条插值函数的最佳误差估计

本文主要结果为下述定理。 定理:设x(uw)是矩形域上关于该矩形上均匀分割的二维双三次样条插值函数,且x(uw)满足条件(5),则x(uw)在矩形域R边界上的节点处的四阶混合偏导数有估计式: |S_(i,0)|≦|A[i,n—1]||ε_(n,0)| |B[i,n—2]||ε_(0,0)|=[0,-4,(-1)~2 4,…(-1)~i 4]/[0,-4,(-1)~2…(-1)~n 4]|ε_(n,0)| sum from h=i to n-2 (-1)~(k(k-2)-(i 1)(i-2))[0,-4,(-j)~2 4…(-1)~i 4]/[0,-4,(-1)~2 4,…(-1)~(k 1) 4][0,-4,(-1)~2 4,…,(-1)~(k 2)4] (-1)~(i(i 1)/2)/[0,-4,(-1)~2 4,…(-1)~n 4]|ε_(0,0)|其中等号成立的条件分别为: A[i,n—1] B[i,n—2] ε_(n0),ε_(00)>0 A[i,n—1] B[i,n—2] ε_(nm),ε_(0m)>0 其中 i=1,2,…,n—1. j=1,2 …,m—1.     

一类非线性双曲型方程的Galerkin方法

主要讨论了平面有界凸多角形区域上的一类非线性双曲型方程utt- .( a( x,u) u) =f ( x,u)u( x,0 ) =u0 ( x)ut( x,0 ) =φ( x)u( x,t) =0　　( x,t)∈Ω× [0 ,T]x∈Ωx∈Ω( x,t)∈ Ω× [0 ,T]的 Galerkin有限元方法 ,首先给出了所讨论问题的 Galerkin有限元方法的离散格式 ,其次对所讨论问题的解与其离散问题的解之间的误差进行了分析研究 ,最后利用椭圆投影算子的性质 ,得到了 L2 模和能量模方面的一些误差估计。     

PARAMETERIZATION OF TRIANGULAR MESHES

A new algorithm called the weighted least square discrete parameterization (WLSDP) is presented for the parameterization of triangular meshes over a convex planar region. This atgorithm is the linear combination of the discrete Conformal mapping (DCM) and the discrete Authalic mapping (DAM). It provides the good properties of both DCM and DAM, such as robustness and low distortion. By adjusting the scaling factor q embedded in the WLSDP, satisfactory parameterizations in different special applications can be achieved.     

Friction and Wear Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Coatings in Water Lubrication

The friction and wear properties of amorphous carbon nitride(a-CN x)coatings in water lubrication were reviewed.The influences of mating materials and tribological variables such as normal load(W)and sliding speed(V)on the friction and wear properties of the a-CN x coatings were analyzed.It was indicated that the specific wear rate of the a-CN x coatings was related to the hydration reaction of mating materials with water.If the mating materials were easily hydrated,the specific wear rate of a-CN x coatings was low.The water-lubricated properties of the a-CN x coatings were better in comparison to the a-C coatings.The a-CN x/Si-based non-oxide ceramics tribo-pairs exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate.To describe their friction and wear properties at the normal loads of 3—15Nand the sliding speeds of 0.05—0.5m/s,the wear-mechanism maps for the a-CN x/SiC(Si3N4)tribo-pairs in water were developed.     

DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF REAL TIME KINEMATIC GPS OVER INTERNET FOR “SMART BRIDGE”

The concept and the design of an open Internet based real time kinematic (RTK) global positioning systern (GPS) for a prototype structural monitoring system are introduced. The proposed system consists of four basic segments, i.e. , reference station, monitoring, control and user segments. To validate the feasibility of this prototype system, a platform is used to simulate the bridge movement. Experimental results show that 3 Dpositioning precision of millimetre level at a sampling rate is up to 10 Hz and a negligible transmission delay of RTK corrections is achievable。     

METHOD FOR DETECTING AND REPAIRING CYCLE SLIPS IN GPS NAVIGATION

A new method is proposed for detecting and repairing cycle slips in GPS navigation based on the dual frequency observations. It can be implemented through the following three steps: (1) The integer ambiguities of the current epoch are substituted by that of the previous epoch, so the ambiguity parameters are removed from the observation equations. (2) The abnormal observations are detected using the quasi accurate detection (QUAD) method and the satellite pairs of these abnormal observations are determined. Then the coefficient matrix of these satellite pairs is recovered. (3) The cycle slips of these satellite pairs are calculated using the LAMBDA method and integer ambiguities of the current epoch can be determined by adding the cycle slips into the integer ambiguities of the previous epoch. The key of this method is that the abnormal observations must accurately he detected, i.e. , the satellites having cycle slips must correctly be judged. Finally, compared with other methods the feasibility of the method is verified.     

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF WENO SCHEMES IN CONTINUUM PHYSICS

INTRODUCTIONHigh order accurate weighted essentiallynon- oscillatory( WENO) schemes have been de-veloped to solve a hyperbolic conservation lawut+ .f( u) =0 ( 1 )The first WENO scheme was constructed in Ref.[1 ]for a third order finite volume version in onespace dimension.In Ref.[2 ],third and fifth or-der finite difference WENO schemes in multiplespace dimensions are constructed,with a generalframework for the design of the smoothness indi-cators and nonlinear weights.L ater,second…     

SPATIAL REGULARIZATION OF CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS FOR LOW-RESOLUTION FACE RECOGNITION

Canonical correlation analysis ( CCA ) based methods for low-resolution ( LR ) face recognition involve face images with different resolutions ( or multi-resolutions ), i.e.LR and high-resolution ( HR ) .For single-resolution face recognition , researchers have shown that utilizing spatial information is beneficial to improving the recognition accuracy , mainly because the pixels of each face are not independent but spatially correlated.However , for a multi-resolution scenario , there are no related works.Therefore , a method named spatial regularization of canonical correlation analysis ( SRCCA ) is developed for LR face recognition to improve the performance of CCA by the regularization utilizing spatial information of different resolution faces.Furthermore , the impact of LR and HR spatial regularization terms on LR face recognition is analyzed through experiments.     

Experiment on Vaporization of Jet into Cross-Flow

The injection characteristics of the main fuel nozzle, which is widely applied in advanced lean-premixed-prevaporized(LPP)low-emission combustors,can be simplified as the atomization and vaporization processes of a jet into cross-flow. In this study,a nozzle with a diameter of 0.4 mm is designed and processed through the heating of the inlet air,and the vaporization characteristics are investigated. The optical measurement and cyclone separation methods are separately used to investigate the evaporation rate of a jet into cross-flow. Experimental results show that the fuel evaporation rate in cross-flow is mainly affected by the Weber number(We),equivalent ratio(φ),momentum rate of fuel to air(q),and air temperature. In addition,the inlet temperature is a crucial factor for the evaporation ratio of a jet into cross-flow. The evaporation results measured by two different methods in the same cross-flow are very close to each other with a deviation within 10%.     

Biomass-Derived Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped 3D Carbon Networks with Interconnected Meso-Microporous Structure for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Three-dimensional(3D)carbon networks have been explored as promising capacitive materials thanks to their unique structural features such as large ion-accessible surface area and interconnected porous networks,thus enhancing both ions and electrons transport.Here,sustainable bacterial cellulose(BC)is used both precursor and template for facile synthesis of free-standing N,S-codoped 3Dcarbon networks(a-NSC)by the pyrolysis and activation of polyrhodanine coated BC.The synthesized a-NSC shows highly conductive interconnected porous networks(24S·cm~(-1)),large surface area(1 420m~2·g~(-1))with hierarchical meso-microporosity,and high-level heteroatoms codoping(N:3.1%in atom,S:3.2%in atom).Benefitting from these,a-NSC as binder-free electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 340F·g~(-1)(24μF·cm~(-2))at the current density of 0.5A·g~(-1)in 6MKOH electrolyte,high-rate capability(71%at 20A·g~(-1))and excellent cycle stability.Furthermore,the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor displays a much short time constant of 0.35sin 1MTEABF4/AN electrolyte,obtaining a maximum energy density of 32.1W·h·kg~(-1 )at power density of 637W·kg~(-1).The in situ multi-heteroatoms doping enables biocellulose-derived carbon networks to exploit its full potentials in energy storage applications,which can be extended to other dimensional carbon nanostructures.     

UAV Velocity Measurement for Ground Moving Target

To satisfy the demand of measuring the velocity of ground moving target through unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)electro-optical platform,two velocity measurement methods are proposed.Firstly,a velocity measurement method based on target localization is derived,using the position difference between two points with the advantages of easy deployment and realization.Then a mathematical model for measuring target velocity is built and described by 15 variables,i.e.UAV velocity,UAV attitude angular rate,camera direction angular rate and so on.Moreover,the causes of velocity measurement error are analyzed and a formula is derived for calculating the measurement error.Finally,the simulation results show that angular rate error has a strong influence on the velocity measurement accuracy,especially the UAV pitch angular rate error,roll angular rate error and the camera angular altitude rate error,thus indicating the direction for improving velocity measurement precision.     

Six Predictions to Shape the Market in 2020

正The private jet market is changing. Following are six predictions the aircraft charter provider offers for 2020:1.A move towards on-demand charter:The on-demand charter market (i.e.,the pay-as-you-go model that doesn't require a membership or block hour purchase) will take on even greater momentum in the industry.Larger players in the market are taking active steps towards it,evidenced through the acquisitions of JetSmarter by Vista Jet;Travel Management by Wheels Up;and PrivateFly by Directional Aviation during 2019.     

SPH-BASED NUMERICAL ANALYSIS FOR GRANULAR MATERIAL MODEL OF SAND AND REGOLITH

The development of an innovative drilling system makes it necessary to model the material of extra-ter- restrial soil, i.e. regolith or lunar soil. And then the drilling process is numerically simulated. Since real regolith is very scarce and costly, sand properties are investigated by means of experiments and sand model is constructed with the capability of partly reflecting these properties. With the use of smooth particle hydrodynamics （SPH） method in LS-DYNA, data analysis and modeling process are presented to reach the following achievements：（1） Develop a general model approach of sand using SPH method; （2） Compare SPH results with experimental data to validate it; （3） Adapt the sand model to lunar soil while fitting the simulation of dual-reciprocating drilling （DRD） process.     

A 60 GHz Phased Array System Analysis and Its Phase Shifter in a 40 nm CMOS Technology

A 60 GHz phased array system for mm-wave frequency in 5 G is introduced and a 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm CMOS technology is presented. In a phased array system,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the receiver is improved with the beaming forming function. Therefore,the communication data rate and distance are improved accordingly. The phase shifter is the key component for achieving the beam forming function,and its resolution and power consumption are also very critical. In the second half of this paper,an analysis of phase shifter is introduced,and a 60 GHz 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology is presented. In this presented phase shifter,a hybrid structure is implemented for its advantage on lower phase deviation while keeping comparable loss. Meanwhile,this digitally controlled phase shifter is much more compact than other works. For all 32 states,the minimum phase error is 1.5°,and the maximum phase error is 6.8°. The measured insertion loss is-20.9±1 d B including pad loss at 60 GHz and the return loss is more than 10 d B over 57—64 GHz. The total chip size is 0.24 mm2 with 0 m W DC power consumption.     

Three-Dimensional Stress Fields in Finite Thickness Plate with Hole Under Shear Load

The theoretical solutions are obtained for the three-dimensional(3-D)stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate with a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to shear load at far field by using Kane and Mindlin′s assumption based on the stress function method.Based on the present solutions,the characteristics of 3-D stress field are analyzed and the emphasis is placed on the effects of the plate thickness and Poisson′s ratio on the deviation of the present 3-D in-plane stress from the related plane stress solutions,the stress concentration and the out-of-plane constraint.The present solutions show that the stress concentration factor reaches its peak value of about 8.9% which is higher than that of the plane stress solutions.As expected,the out-of-plane stress constraint factor can reach 1on the surface of the hole when the plate is a very thick one.