一种新的基于双控制信道Ad Hoc网络媒体接入控制协议

提出了一种新的基于双控制信道的AdHoc网络媒体接入控制(MAC)协议。该协议在两个相互正交的子信道上交换RTS/CTS控制分组,解决了RTS丢失问题、死锁问题以及多信道隐藏终端问题,并提高了协议的空间复用度。实验结果表明,和已有的多信道的接入协议相比,在网络负载较重和节点密度较大的情况下,新协议提高了网络的吞吐量。     

基于OPNET的低轨卫星网络路由仿真与优化

针对业务高速化、多样化背景的LEO(低地球轨道)卫星通信网络传输问题,提出一种复合分组调度策略和基于拥塞控制的备份路由方法相结合的路由算法,既保证了不同业务的服务质量,也在网络部分卫星节点因负载较重发生拥塞时实现业务分流,避免低优先级业务因资源竞争力较弱而"饿死",保证各业务的吞吐率,提高网络的性能。最后,以OPNET(优化网络工程工具)软件搭建了LEO卫星网络仿真平台,对文中提出的路由协议进行仿真,验证了算法的有效性。     

移动Ad Hoc网络中一种有效多址协议的性能仿真

基于有效竞争预约接入、无冲突轮询传输的思想,本文提出了支持节点移动性和多跳网络结构的依据用户妥善安排的多址接入(UPMA)协议,并使用网络仿真工具OPNET评估了它的多址性能。仿真结果表明,该协议显著提高了多跳网络的业务传输效率。     

MANET中一种新的基于多包接收的媒体接入控制协议

提出了一种新的基于多包接收的MANET媒体接入控制协议.该协议利用信道多包接收的特性,结合功率控制和协议的跨层设计,可选取信道增益较大的节点接入信道.实验结果表明,在业务量较大时,新协议在提高网络吞吐量的同时,减小了能量消耗.     

移动自组网自适应跳频处理设计

提出一种针对移动自组网共享信道环境自适应跳频处理的实现方法。该方法依据物理层频谱感知动态更新各物理信道频率集,并通过自适应频点分配协议设计,完成结合物理信道划分自适应跳频处理。同时该方法采用信道忙闲程度统计策略,保证网络中每个成员节点以最优信道完成信号发射,降低网络节点间频率碰撞概率,提高全网共享信道利用率和网络可靠性。     

基于 FAMA-NCS的高速分组传输网络性能

FAMA-NCS协议是无线自组网络中数据链路层的关键组成部分。在对FAMA—NCS协议的关键技术分析和信道访问机制模拟变量的基础上，根据网络中节点的重要信息排序，通过对其退避算法进行报文长度的调整，实现了对吞吐量的提升并减小了数据分组的传播时延。     

一种优先级区分的机载无线网络MAC层自适应退避算法

针对现有无线网络媒介接入控制(MAC)协议退避机制存在的竞争窗口(CW)易产生振荡、不能为紧急业务提供低时延QoS保障、难以区分服务类别等不足,提出了一种区分业务优先级的自适应退避(PAB)算法。该算法在二进制指数退避(BEB)算法的基础上,根据信道忙闲标识和业务优先级自适应选择相应退避阶段,通过参数设置可对不同优先级业务相邻退避阶段的前、后转移概率进行调整。利用二维马尔可夫链理论对PAB进行了建模分析,理论分析获得了饱和吞吐量和平均MAC时延的数学表达式,仿真实验结果表明:在机载无线网络(AN)环境下,PAB的性能相对BEB有了显著提升,可有效保障机载无线网络多业务类型的传输需求。     

航空自组网STDMA时隙分配算法的设计与实现

航空自组网(AANET)是一种节点高速运动、网络拓扑持续快速变化的新型自组织网络。针对AANET的特点,提出了一种新的时分多址(TDMA)时隙分配方法。首先,根据高动态航空网络环境中媒体访问控制(MAC)协议的特点,推导出可以共用一个时隙进行通信的连接集合的计算方法,并建立了面向连接的空间复用TDMA(STDMA)时隙分配优化数学模型。然后,提出一种分布式STDMA时隙分配算法IDTA。IDTA不需要中心节点收集网络信息,分为2个同步的进程在发送节点和接收节点同时运行,而且能够根据连接的优先级按需分配时隙。最后,在OMNeT++仿真平台上建立计算机仿真模型,仿真结果显示:IDTA比其他分布式STDMA时隙分配算法更加适用于高动态的航空网络环境。     

基于网络编码的空间DTN LTP协议改进

随着空间通信技术与应用的不断发展,空间DTN (Delay Tolerant Network,容延迟网络)中节点之间数据传输的重要性日益明显。针对空间DTN的可靠信息传输需求,首先介绍了空间DTN的特点及信息传输协议体系,并对LTP (Licklider Transmission Protocol,立克里德传输协议) 进行了重点分析。然后针对空间DTN中LTP协议的缺点和不足,研究提出了基于网络编码的空间DTNLTP传输协议改进策略——NC-LTP协议,并通过数学仿真对算法性能进行了分析评估。仿真结果表明,相比于LTP协议,NC-LTP协议在不同信道传输时延、不同丢包率等条件下的适应性方面表现出较大的优势,因此NC-LTP协议更适用于具有高动态特性、高信道误码率、带宽受限的空间DTN环境。     

某型涡扇发动机分布式容错控制系统设计与试验验证

为了提高某型涡扇发动机控制系统的安全性和可靠性,提出1种分布式架构下的容错控制方案。基于模块级硬件冗余的思想,设计了包含7个智能节点的基于TTP/C(时间触发协议)总线的发动机分布式容错控制系统,可以实现核心控制节点的硬件备份。基于控制律重构的方法,采用模型参考变结构控制算法设计了容错控制器,可以根据系统故障情况将控制结构切换至无故障的控制回路中。搭建了涡扇发动机分布式容错控制系统硬件在环仿真试验环境,开展了容错控制系统的试验验证。结果表明:在核心控制节点故障时,容错控制系统可以在120 ms内快速启用热备份节点代替故障节点;在非核心控制节点故障时,容错控制系统可以在100 ms内完成控制回路的切换,并保证发动机各状态量不产生明显波动。     

A New Exposed-terminal-free MAC Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks

This article presents a new multichannel medium access control (MAC) protocol to solve the exposed-terminal (ET) problem for efficient channel sharing in multi-hop wireless networks. It uses request-to-send and clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) dialogue on a common channel and flexibly opts for conflict-free traffic channels to carry out the data packet transmission on the basis of a new channel selection scheme. The acknowledgment (ACK) packet for the data packet transmission is sent back to the sender over another common channel thus completely eliminating the exposed-terminal effects. Any adjacent communication pair can take full advantage of multiple traffic channels without collision and the spatial reuse of the same channel is extended to other communication pairs which are even within 2 hops from them. In addition, the hidden-terminal effect is also considerably reduced because most of possible packet collisions on a single channel are avoided due to traffic load balance on multichannels. Finally, a performance comparison is made between the proposed protocol and other typical MAC protocols. Simulation results evidence its obvious superiority to the MAC protocols associated with other channel selection schemes and traditional ACK transmission scheme as well as cooperative asynchronous multichannel MAC (CAM-MAC) protocol in terms of four performance indices: total channel utilization, average channel utilization, average packet delay, and packet dropping rate.     

A feedback-retransmission based asynchronous frequency hopping MAC protocol for military aeronautical ad hoc networks

Attacking time-sensitive targets has rigid demands for the timeliness and reliability of information transmission, while typical Media Access Control (MAC) designed for this application works well only in very light-load scenarios; as a consequence, the performances of system throughput and channel utilization are degraded. For this problem, a feedback-retransmission based asynchronous FRequency hopping Media Access (FRMA) control protocol is proposed. Burst communication, asynchronous Frequency Hopping (FH), channel coding, and feedback retransmission are utilized in FRMA. With the mechanism of asynchronous FH, immediate packet transmission and multi-packet reception can be realized, and thus the timeliness is improved. Furthermore, reliability can be achieved via channel coding and feedback retransmission. With theories of queuing theory, Markov model, packets collision model, and discrete Laplace transformation, the formulas of packet success probability, system throughput, average packet end-to-end delay, and delay distribution are obtained. The approximation accuracy of theoretical derivation is verified by experimental results. Within a light-load network, the proposed FRMA has the ability of millisecond delay and 99% reliability as well as outperforms the non-feedback-retransmission based asynchronous frequency hopping media access control protocol.     

Window-Based and Rate-Based Transmission Control Mechanisms over Space-Internet Links

Space communications urgently need an effective transmission control mechanism. This paper presents an experimental, comparative analysis of window-based transmission control, rate-based transmission control, and a hybrid of the two over error-prone, congestion-free, high-latency, point-to-point space communication links simulated using the space-to-ground link simulation (SGLS) test-bed. The results revealed that the traffic shaping mechanism of rate-based transmission protocol is more effective than the bursting flow of window-based protocol over simulated space communication links with a high error rate and a long link delay. The window-based transmission mechanisms show performance degradation due to traffic bursts and frequent packet retransmissions caused by their acknowledgment (ACK)-clocked transmission control algorithms. Pure rate-control is always preferable to other mechanisms in the simulated congestion-free, error-prone, point-to-point, geostationary-Earth orbit (GEO)-space communication channels, and its advantages become more pronounced when the channel rates are asymmetric. The performance differences come from their different behavior in controlling data transmission.     

Packet Radio Monitoring Via Repeater-On-Packets

The packet radio network (PRNET) is a store-and-forward packet switching system consisting of switching nodes which share a single radio communication channel. Recent studies have shown that PRNETs can easily be saturated and become unstable unless efficient routing and flow control algorithms are used. To enable point-to-point packet transportation, network stations assign a code (label) to each repeater; the process of assigning such labels is referred to as "network initialization." The initialization procedure assumes that the network topology is now known a priori and is changing with time. Thus the initialization procedure involves mapping of network topology, determining network structure (labels for repeaters), and transmitting labels to the repeaters. Although many authors have developed analytical models to study channel access schemes, no one has yet addressed the initialization issue. We present a Markov chain model which enables one to obtain in close form the optimal rates at which repeaters and station must transmit repeater-on-packets (ROPs) and label packets (LLPs) to minimize the network initialization time in a one-hop network, finite buffer station. Our most important result is that the network initialization time is relatively insensitive to the station transmission rate, but the repeater transmission rate must be carefully chosen to achieve rapid initialization.     

AeroMTP: A fountain code-based multipath transport protocol for airborne networks

Airborne networks(ANs) are special types of ad hoc networks that can be used to enhance situational awareness, flight coordination and flight efficiency in civil and military aviation.Compared to ground networks, ANs have some unique attributes including high node mobility, frequent topology changes, mechanical and aerodynamic constrains, strict safety requirements and harsh communication environment.Thus, the performance of conventional transmission control protocol(TCP) will be dramatically degraded in ANs.Aircraft commonly have two or more heterogeneous network interfaces which offer an opportunity to form multiple communication paths between any two nodes in ANs.To satisfy the communication requirements in ANs, we propose aeronautical multipath transport protocol(Aero MTP) for ANs, which effectively utilizes the available bandwidth and diversity provided by heterogeneous wireless paths.Aero MTP uses fountain codes as forward error correction(FEC) codes to recover from data loss and deploys a TCP-friendly rate-based congestion control mechanism for each path.Moreover, we design a packet allocation algorithm based on optimization to minimize the delivery time of blocks.The performance of Aero MTP is evaluated through OMNe T++ simulations under a variety of test scenarios.Simulations demonstrate that Aero MTP is of great potential to be applied to ANs.     

Effect of errors on a contention-based TDMA protocol

A hybrid contention-based time-division multiple access (TDMA) protocol was previously proposed for data transmission (D. Tsai et al., IEEE Trans. on Communications, COM-36, Feb. 1988, p.225-8). It provides satisfactory performance for an error-free channel. The effect of channel errors on the performance of this protocol is studied. To remain operational the protocol must be modified, and the modified protocol is then analyzed. Results derived include the average of frame length, the number of slots wasted, the number of residual packets, and delay. Numerical examples show that channel errors can sometime be damaging but can be recovered by proper error control codes     

无线通信网络DQRAP多址接入协议的改进

随着DQRAP协议输入率的逐渐增加,冲突解决频繁,从而出现了未传数据的空数据时隙(DS),使数据包等待时间增加、时延增大等问题。本文提出了一种改进的DQRAP协议,在该协议中,取消了不传输数据的DS,只有在控制微时隙(CMS)里传送请求,由此改变了原协议的时隙划分方式,缩短了数据时延,提高了协议的性能。仿真表明,在信道负荷的范围内(即输入率0到1之间),改进的DQRAP协议随着输入率增加,时延特性有明显的改善,而吞吐率几乎保持不变。