基于FPGA和DSP的光电吊舱控制系统设计与实现

本文介绍了机载两框架两轴光电吊舱的工作原理,并设计了一种基于FPGA和DSP的光电吊舱控制系统,充分利用了FPGA和DSP的各自优势,提高了系统的响应速度。详细描述了控制系统硬件电路的功能划分和实现过程。提出了控制回路设计方案,并通过实验验证了控制系统的性能,在两框架两轴光电吊舱上实现了较高的光轴稳定精度     

数字滤波器在DSP上的实现

可编程DSP(Digital Signal Processor)是一种能够快速进行数字信号处理的特殊微处理器，而数字滤波器是DSP的基本应用之一。在掌握DSP应用系统开发知识的基础上，介绍了线性相位FIR数字滤波器的设计方法，并重点论述了在TMS320C5402 DSP上实现滤波器的关键技术。实践证明，借助DSP硬件结构上的优势，所设计的数字滤波器具有运行速度快、能够进行实时信号处理、精度高的优点，其整体性能较优越。     

一种多核实时图像处理模块设计与实现

实时图像处理能力是嵌入式系统中影响系统性能的核心因素.为充分挖掘多核DSP性能,从计算机系统结构的角度出发,开展对多核DSP实时图像处理体系结构的研究,设计了一种基于TMS320 C6678的实时图像处理模块.采用FPGA进行实时图像的采集和缓存,利用四线RapidIO高速接口完成FPGA与DSP之间的数据传输,并设计了四级图像缓冲流水处理结构,实现了图像采集、缓存、处理和发送的并行进行.设计了一套基于数据块共享的实时图像处理多核协同处理机制,可以充分利用C6678八个核的优势,实现对图像的实时处理.     

基于DSP的固态功率控制器的设计

以提高某型飞机配电系统可靠性及灵活性为目的,设计了一种以DSP为控制内核,以μC/OS-Ⅱ实时嵌入式操作系统为软件平台的固态功率控制器。硬件选择上,系统主控制单元采用TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320F2808;功率开关芯片选用具有自保护功能的BTS724G,以期提高系统可靠性和降低功耗;采用ACS756电流传感器替代传统采样电阻。软件实现上,给出了详细的软件设计思路和系统程序设计。系统调试表明,设计的基于DSP的固态功率控制器很好地满足了负载通断要求,开关准确度和灵敏度比较高。     

无人机地面站图像压缩传输系统设计与应用

针对无人机地面指挥控制系统要实现互连、互通、互操作的网络化要求,设计了视频信号实时网络传输和显示系统。系统由基于DSP的服务器端和通用客户端播放器组成,服务器端通过设置并行任务完成视频信号的实时采集、编码和发送,客户端完成视频信号的实时接收、解码和播放,从而使系统实现了图像信息在地面站所有显示终端上的实时显示。实验结果表明,系统完全满足无人机地面站系统功能及指标要求,并且通过网络化技术节省了地面站宝贵空间资源,系统设计方法对同类型系统具有一定借鉴意义。     

基于DSP的嵌入式辅助驾驶系统的研制

为提高汽车的安全性,设计了一种基于数字信号处理技术(DSP)的嵌入式辅助驾驶系统.该系统通过实时收集的汽车行驶信息来建立汽车的运动模型,并藉此来实时监控汽车的运动状态;系统在必要情况下系统能给司机警示,在紧急情况下系统还能自动驾驶汽车以避开危险.系统硬件采用DSP与ARM两个芯片协同工作的模式,其中DSP芯片为协处理器,负责处理行驶车辆及其附近目标的运动信息,ARM芯片为主芯片,负责建立本车的运动模型并进行辅助驾驶.还以自动刹车过程为例,着重介绍了软件系统的运行原理和主要算法、模型等.     

基于功率倒置算法的GPS抗干扰实时系统实现

实现了基于功率倒置算法的GPS抗干扰实时系统,并且提出了一种低复杂度的实现算法。运用Xilinx公司的Virtex-4以及TI公司的TMS320C6416T硬件平台．采用双FPGA＋单DSP结构来实现整个算法。实验结果表明,GPS信号经过实时抗干扰系统处理后,可以运用普通的接收机进行实时、精确的定位。该系统具有兼容性好、精度高等优点。     

基于DSP实现的并行三维实时图像处理系统

基于DSP实现的并行三维实时图像处理系统是采用Texas Instruments公司的通用数字信号处理器DSP（Digital Signal Processing）TMS320C40，在对图像存储算法分析的基础上，根据算法内在的并发笥提出了一种流水式多SIMD并行三维图像处理结构，这种结构可使图像处理器按行、列或一个任意的矩形块同时存取帧缓存的像素，具有实时和高速的特点。     

基于解重扩算法的GPS抗干扰实时接收机研究

提出了一种基于解重扩算法的GPS抗干扰实时接收机系统的硬件实现方案。此方案充分利用解重扩算法和GPS接收机的特点,将两者紧密耦合,并根据FPGA和DSP的不同性能,实现了资源的合理配置。实测数据验证表明,该系统不仅能够抑制干扰信号,而且可对卫星信号产生较大增益,实现多波束抗干扰。     

飞行器多任务在线实时航迹规划

 针对不确定环境中的飞行器多任务航迹规划问题展开研究,提出了一种基于飞行路线图的两阶段航迹规划框架,航迹规划分成学习和查询两个阶段,环境信息和飞行器约束条件分阶段体现。在该框架下,通过采用一种混合多任务动态航迹规划方法,分别在稀疏路线图上实时搜索初始航迹和在精细路线图上启发式搜索后备航迹,能够在具有预先未知威胁、可变飞行任务的战场环境中实时生成三维航迹。     

Hardware-Constrained Hybrid Coding of Video Imagery

The design, implementation, and performance of a video bandwidth compression system is described. In this system, compression is obtained by several methods including the use of DCT/DCPM hybrid coding, frame rate reduction, and resolution reduction. The overall compression ratio is up to 1000:1. The hardware-constrained design of the DCT and the DPCM is described and a new method is derived to solve the optimum integer bit-assignment problem associated with the block quantization process in the DPCM. Computer simulation results are presented which predict that the performance of the system using the derived optimal bit assignment method is superior to those obtained by other bit assignment methods. The real-time hybrid coding system design is optimized for a set of ?modified? average statistics to compress a wide variety of input video images. This approach eliminates the problem of nonzero dc mean value which could otherwise cause serious degradations in the system performance. The compression system is fully implemented and the quality of the reconstructed video as predicted by computer simulation has been demonstrated by the actual hardware performance. The PSNR of the reconstructed imagery is in excess of 36 dB at 2 bits per pixel.     

Surveillance system based on data fusion from image and acousticarray sensors

The present publication shows a model of a monitoring system of high benefit, based on two complementary sensorial systems (image+acoustics), which allows the information received to fuse, and to prioritize the computational resources toward the zones with considerable risk. The application uses components such as: active acoustic radar based on a phase array of microphones, with techniques of beamforming, and multibeam detection schemes; efficient compression algorithms and video transmission in real time. The system is composed of an arbitrary number of sensors (monitoring probes), distributed by the monitoring space, a data network and a central server (monitoring manager). The sensors consist of a microprocessor, with its memory and three main modules: (1) acoustic radar; (2) video capture card; and (3) network card. The flexibility of the system allows new modules to be added such as: personal detector card; sound card; cards for telecontrol; etc. The sensor microprocessor preprocesses the information received by the modules, packs and transmits it to the central server through a data network. The system uses IP protocol, and SNMPv2 for management     

基于ADV202的视频压缩在航空领域中的应用研究

主要介绍了基于JPEG2000压缩标准,采用ADV202芯片视频图像压缩的设计方法,在航空领域可用于视频监控记录。给出了基本的硬件电路框图和软件流程框图,并介绍了基于FPGA实现ADV7402的I2C编程、ADV202的初始化、USB的操作及ADV202的级联使用方法。     

航电核心处理机接线盒模块的设计与实现

接线盒模块可解决综合模块化航电系统中计算机产品对外调试信号过多、影响设计、且外场维护困难的问题。模块能够有效减少综合处理机对外接口中调试用以太网信号的数量,进而减少外部连接器的使用,利于机载产品的结构和接口设计。模块还支持外场免拆卸产品而实现对产品的调试和维护功能,便于机载产品的外场维护和故障排除。模块采用即用供电设计,既可满足地面开发/调试使用,又可降低飞行状态下的系统功耗。     

Techniques for transmitting digital data on the spacelab's analogvideo channel

A study was made of various techniques for transmitting digital data over a composite video channel, with data from experiments on the Space Shuttle Orbiter in mind. Broadcast television telecommunications schemes and other techniques described in the literature were reviewed and compared. PSK (phase shift keying) MPSK (M-ary PSK), and or PAM (pulse amplitude modulation), which can be transmitted on visible lines of a frame, unassigned lines of the VBI (vertical blanking interval), or during the HBI (horizontal blanking interval), were all judged attractive under the proper conditions. However, PAM on visible lines or during the VBI should be relatively easy to implement, provide adequate average data rates, and give acceptable BERs (bit error rates)     

电刷架精密塑压模的研制

针对电刷架零件的使用功能,在对压塑、挤塑两种成形方法进行比较的基础上,确定了压塑成形。在压塑模上设计了弹片镶块和安装附件,并在出模时与塑件同步顶出等工艺方法,成功试制出了合格零件。     

基于DSP和FPGA的视频编码器协同设计与算法优化实现

采用DSP和FPGA协同技术设计实现了一个高性能的MPEG-4视频编码器。FPGA模块完成视频采集、YUV分离、数据I/O等功能,而使用DSP专一进行视频压缩编码。针对DSP片内资源特点设计了片内存储器数据分配方案,并根据该方案优化了MPEG-4视频压缩的数据流模式。提出了基于宏块空间复杂度的宏块类型判断算法,有效地降低了视频压缩算法的计算复杂度。测试结果表明,采用MPEG-4视频标准该视频编码器每秒能够压缩39.2帧CIF图像。     

Batch Recursive Data Compression Schemes for INS Error Estimation

Application of new data compression schemes to aided inertial navigation systems is presented. The need for data compression is motivated by the fact that the external aiding system generates frequent but inaccurate position measurements, which have to be processed by a processor whose computation capability is limited. Two new data compression techniques are presented and their efficiency is demonstrated through covariance simulation runs as well as computational complexity analysis. These schemes are characterized by their ability to process batches of measurements recursively and efficiently. It is demonstrated that the resulting estimation accuracy is comparable to that produced by a Kalman filter which processes optimally the same amount of data, while the required computational effort is reduced.     

某型机械数字视频记录仪的设计与实现

介绍了一种用数字技术实现飞机视频记录的方法 ,并就某型飞机的技术要求设计和实现了机载视频记录系统。文中就数字压缩算法、工程实现中的技术要点和难点做了详细介绍。