襟翼辅助扰流板进行滚转控制和空中制动的数值研究

对带有上偏20°扰流板和不同偏角铰链襟翼的二维翼型气动性能进行了数值研究,并选择了分别适用于大型客机滚转控制和空中制动的襟翼辅助偏转方案。计算结果表明:(1)对于滚转控制,在将扰流板上偏的基础上进一步将铰链襟翼辅助上偏,既能产生更大的滚转力矩,又能避免不必要的阻力增加;(2)对于空中制动,在将扰流板上偏的基础上进一步将铰链襟翼辅助下偏,既能获得更好地减速效果,又能避免不必要的升力损失。     

悬停状态下倾转旋翼机向下载荷被动减缓措施研究

基于SA一方程紊流模型的DES方法,发展了一种翼型在-90°来流迎角下非定常大分离流动的数值模拟方法,系统地研究了后缘襟翼、克鲁格襟翼、前缘下垂以及扰流板四种被动控制技术在悬停状态下倾转旋翼机向下载荷减缓中的应用,并分析了各影响参数对阻力系数的影响。计算结果表明:当后缘襟翼偏角60°时,垂直阻力最小;克鲁格襟翼偏角85°时,阻力系数最小;前缘下垂偏角45°时,阻力系数最小;当扰流板高度h/c=0.05时,阻力系数最小。最优组合构型为后缘襟翼偏角60°,克鲁格襟翼偏角85°,其向下载荷相对于原始翼型减小了55.4%。     

大型客机柔性后缘增升装置气动机构一体化优化设计

增升装置的设计对于大型客机来说是十分重要的,柔性可变弯的增升装置是未来大型客机的发展趋势,也是当前的研究热点。以某大型宽体客机内段翼型为研究对象,在襟翼内部的柔性变弯机构的带动下,可以使襟翼的后50%部分实现柔性变弯。在原始刚性襟翼的基础上,柔性变弯后的襟翼可使襟翼后缘增加8°的偏角。之后在三维后缘铰链襟翼机构的带动下,同时襟翼内部使用柔性变弯机构,采用"前缘下垂+后缘襟翼柔性变弯+后缘简单铰链襟翼联合扰流板下偏",进行起飞和着陆构型的二维气动/机构一体化优化设计,优化出来的结果与原始不柔性变弯的翼型相比,起飞构型的最大升力系数的增加量为0.119,着陆构型的最大升力系数的增加量为0.162,且着陆最优构型推迟1°迎角失速。     

民用飞机ADHF构型升阻特性研究

采用计算流体力学方法,针对伴随扰流板下偏铰链襟翼典型二维多段翼进行数值模拟,研究了扰流板下偏对小襟翼起飞构型多段翼气动升阻特性的影响。结果表明:在所研究范围内,1)固定扰流板偏度及缝道,增大襟翼偏度,可明显提升多段翼升力,并增加1.13V_SR-1.25V_SR升力范围内的阻力;2)固定襟翼位置,增加扰流板偏度,可产生机翼弯度增大与缝隙量减小两个效果;3)机翼弯度增大,可提升多段翼小迎角下的升力,但最大升力影响有限,弯度增加效应可明显降低1.13V_SR ~1.25V_SR升力范围内的阻力;4)在0.3%c~1.3%c范围内,减小缝隙量,各迎角下升力均随之下降,但减小缝隙量也可明显降低1.13V_SR~1.25V_SR升力范围内的阻力;5)固定襟翼,随着扰流板下偏,升力在小迎角下有所提升,进失速段呈现下降现象,而阻力在1.13V_SR~1.25V_SR升力范围内可明显降低。     

大型飞机后缘铰链襟翼与扰流板下偏联合主动控制的二维绕流数值研究

针对大型飞机后缘铰链襟翼与扰流板下偏联合主动控制下二维翼型进行数值研究,研究内容包括:利用扰流板下偏技术,研究扰流板下偏与简单铰链后缘襟翼的耦合运动关系并分析其作用机理;利用铰链襟翼与扰流板联动改变巡航机翼弯度,改善机翼巡航升阻比,从而减少油耗,提高经济效益。采用CFD数值分析与iSIGHT优化平台软件,设计并分析了扰流板下偏与简单铰链改善飞机的低速起飞着陆性能及高速巡航性能。     

二维襟翼吹气控制的数值模拟

合理设计机翼翼型、前缘缝翼和后缘襟翼是飞机增升设计的重要手段,本文主要研究二雏襟翼吹气对翼型升力的影响。吹气襟翼的工作原理是,当襟翼偏转角较大时,由于翼面上表面的气流分离,此时达不到附着流所预计的升力值,可以在襟翼上表面进行吹气控制,吹除后缘的涡流而增大升力,得到预计的升力曲线。本文以NACA23018翼型为基础研究对象,采用非结构网格,在襟翼向下偏转角度45度的情况下,进行襟翼上表面的吹气效应数值模拟与流动控制机理的研究,结果表明此情况下襟翼上表面的吹气控制达到了增加升力和抑制分离的目的。     

民用飞机增升构型前缘下垂参数影响分析

采用计算流体力学方法,针对基于典型二维多段翼型NACA0410设计的带前缘下垂构型的多段翼型进行数值模拟,研究了前缘下垂四种参数对多段翼升力特性的影响。在所研究的范围内,结果表明:1)在线性段,弦长增加与偏度增大对线性升力均有负面影响,但转轴高度与尾缘夹角对线性升力几乎没有影响;2)在近失速及失速段,弦长增加与尾缘夹角的提升,可明显提升升力;下垂偏度增加,以26°为界,小于该角度可提升升力,但大于该角度后,影响不再明显;随转轴高度下降,升力出现一定提升,但到2 mm后反而有所下降;前缘下垂尾缘夹角增大,可提升近失速段升力;3)四参数对升力影响主要体现在头部两段吸力峰的消长,设计中需综合考虑吸力峰特征,并加以应用。     

大型飞机铰链下垂前缘多段翼型气动优化设计与研究

随着增升装置的发展,新型商用飞机机翼内侧采用了结构简单的铰链下垂前缘,与使用最多的前缘缝翼相比,它具有减阻降噪,提高升阻比等优点。针对大型飞机铰链下垂前缘翼型进行了气动优化设计及数值研究。首先设计出铰链下垂前缘的二维翼型,然后通过iSIGHT平台对翼型进行气动优化,分析铰链下垂前缘翼型的低速气动特性,并且得出最佳翼型,最后与前缘缝翼翼型的气动性能进行对比,说明使用铰链下垂前缘的可行性。     

翼身融合民机扰流板增升技术

为满足翼身融合（BWB）民机增升装置简单、高效的设计需求，以配置三段高升力系统的BWB民机增升构型为对象，采用数值模拟方法研究了下偏扰流板技术的增升机理与设计原则。研究结果表明，设计合理的下偏扰流板能够将BWB民机增升构型设计点升力系数提高约20%；其增升机理集中体现为对缝道射流、流场能量分布、环量及其分布的控制作用。其应用于BWB民机增升装置的设计原则为：扰流板偏转后上表面延长线应与襟翼上表面相切，控制缝道宽度使增升装置环量增大并前移，控制扰流板偏度避免扰流板内段过早分离。研究还表明，受增升装置三维效应影响，扰流板下偏翼型上洗作用越强，则相应三维增升装置升力损失越大，并呈近似线性变化规律。下偏扰流板改造简单，且有助于简化襟翼作动机构，是一种很有潜力的增升技术，具有深入研究的价值和良好的应用前景。     

二维翼型下表面增升辅助装置仿真及设计

为提高飞翼布局飞机的可用升力系数,以B-29 TIP翼型为研究对象,基于CFD开展了翼型腹部加装扰流板以配平增升装置打开后带来的低头力矩可行性研究,获得了腹部扰流板的作用原理,总结了扰流板弦向位置、偏度及高度对翼型气动特性的影响规律,以及扰流板与翼型后缘襟翼偏转的组合状态的气动特性。研究结果表明:腹部扰流板可改变翼型下表面流场的压力分布,扰流板前正压增大,扰流板后负压增大,从而产生抬头力矩。随扰流板弦向位置的后移,抬头力矩先增后减,于60%翼型弦长位置处达到最大值,升力先减后增,于40%翼型弦长位置处达到最小值。随高度及偏角的增大,抬头力矩单调递减,升力单调递增。     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Solving a radiation problem with forward speed using a lifting surface method with a Green''s function

The progress of seakeeping computations requires development of computating codes for unsteady flows around a ship or its elements. In this paper, we present a method of calculation concerning waves radiated by an oscillating surface-piercing flat plate with forward speed, with a yaw angle. By use of Green's third identity, the problem is transformed into the resolution of a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind by a panel method using Green's function. The Green's diffraction-radiation function with forward speed is used. Its numerical values are calculated by an adaptative integration procedure to reduce the computation time. The present method permits determination of the pressure jump distribution across the plate, the total forces and moments. The results obtained are compared with other numerical methods in hydrodynamics and in aerodynamics, and with experimental data obtained in a water tank.     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Flow about a jet source with a deflector

We suggest a method to solve one of the model problems of aerohydrodynamics, namely, a problem of a flow about a point source, from which a fluid with density and total pressure, different from the corresponding values in the incoming flow enters. The calculations are carried out for various values of the determining parameter; and the data are compared with the known results. We revealed the advantages of the suggested method in comparison with the known ones.     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.     

直升机起落架的集成计算

直升机起落架常规计算包括停机状态计算及减缩质量计算、静态性能计算及主、尾起落架的着陆性能计算.要完成这些计算需要整机及起落架的诸多数据.在研制过程中,为了获得最优的设计,需要对起落架的各参数进行不断调整,对计算结果进行反复分析和比较,计算量较大,数据处理较为繁复耗时.详细阐述如何采用Excel和Matlab对起落架的常规计算进行集成.为完成一种直升机起落架的常规计算,采用该集成方法,编制了2000余行的M代码.在惠普Z800计算机平台下运行,耗时400余秒即可完成所有相关计算.输入输出的数据存储在同一Excel文件,文件中各项参数和计算结果数据可直接用于查阅、校对、分析,也可再编辑.