航空导管弯曲成形自动建模与后处理

随着航空导管空间几何形状设计的复杂化,以及对制造精度要求的不断提高,应用有限元分析方法研究最佳弯曲成形工艺已成为一种普遍的选择。研究了典型导管弯曲成形工艺方法的成形原理,分析了导管弯曲成形性能评价指标。同时,为提高导管弯曲成形有限元分析前后处理效率和降低使用难度,使用Python编程语言开发了基于ABAQUS通用型有限元分析软件平台的弯管成形用户自定义界面。开发的用户界面提供了针对导管绕弯和自由弯曲成形的自动前后处理功能,实现了导管弯曲成形性能指标的自动计算和分析报告自动生成的功能。     

型材拉弯回弹有限元分析

对两种不同截面的铝型材分别在6种不同拉弯成形工艺中的拉弯过程进行有限元数值模拟,探讨成形工艺、弯曲半径与型材截面形状对拉弯成形后型材回弹的影响。     

连续多弯导管成形仿真系统开发与应用

介绍国内外仿真技术发展现状,针对空间连续多弯导管数字化精确成形的需求,提出了以知识工程为核心,建立导管仿真工艺知识库,通过参数化驱动开发导管弯曲成形运动仿真系统。通过在飞机连续多弯导管研制中的应用,自动实现了模型数据提取、工艺参数确定、创建仿真模型、弯曲过程仿真、回弹过程仿真、干涉检查,获得了干涉情况,自动生成仿真报告和数控代码,降低了技术人员的劳动强度,提高了飞机导管零件工艺设计工作效率。     

一种单晶涡轮叶片凝固过程及晶粒组织的数值模拟

建立了单晶涡轮叶片的有限元模型,采用有限元方法计算了叶片熔模精密铸造凝固过程的流场、温度场以及应力场。数值模拟结果可以为优化单晶叶片铸造工艺、改善叶片晶粒组织结构、提高叶片强度提供依据。     

基于宏模板技术的橡皮囊成形仿真研究

橡皮囊成形是飞机钣金件的一种重要成形工艺方法。有限元数值模拟技术越来越多地被用于分析板料成形过程中可能存在的问题。本文针对目前大多数有限元软件没有针对橡皮囊成形模块的现状,基于橡皮囊成形工艺,应用PAM-STAMP 2G软件提供的开发宏模板的功能,以一个典型的钛合金钣金零件为例,研究钛合金钣金零件橡皮囊成形仿真技术,为飞机钛合金钣金零件的橡皮囊成形设计和生产提供依据。     

异型截面铝合金管件内高压成形

对空心异型截面弯曲轴线铝合金零件内高压成形进行了工艺实验与数值模拟.采用压弯与内高压成形的工艺步骤成形零件,测量了成形零件典型截面的尺寸与壁厚分布,通过数值模拟分析了变形过程中的等效应力与壁厚分布.经检测成形零件外形尺寸与壁厚均符合设计要求,但典型截面壁厚分布不均匀.     

TA2M钛板扩孔成形中的形状畸变现象研究

通过有限元数值模拟和工艺试验相结合的方法对板料厚度为0.96mm的TA2M钛板的扩孔成形过程及结果进行了研究.运用PAM-STAMP有限元数值模拟分析软件对成型过程及卸载回弹结果进行预测.发现TA2M在成型卸载回弹后存在明显的形状畸变现象:孔口非圆化,孔口边缘厚度非均匀减薄以及凸缘非圆化.模拟预测结果与工艺试验结果比较吻合.     

钛合金板料热压弯过程数值模拟

采用有限元软件ABAQUS对Ti-6Al-4V合金板料热压弯成形过程进行了模拟,分析了应力应变分布规律和工艺参数对成形过程的影响。研究表明,压弯过程的变形主要集中在大厚度区域中间位置;当板料表面与模具多点接触后,板料由自由弯曲变为校正弯曲,成形力急剧增大;保压600s时板料最大回弹量和上模成形力分别降低84%和94%。在相同工艺条件下的试验结果验证了有限元模拟的准确性。     

热压罐时效成形过程的有限元分析

基于ABAQUS软件对时效成形过程进行有限元分析.在数值模拟分析的过程中,通过改变各个参数的数值来研究成形规律.最后得出了最佳工艺条件,并在最佳工艺条件下研究了成形规律.     

复合材料RTM制造工艺计算机模拟分析研究

研究以计算机模拟分析技术的实际工程应用为目的,在普通 WINDOW窗口下实现各类平面构件RTM工艺过程的控制体积单元 /有限元算法 ( CV/FEM),进行工艺过程的压力场及树脂流场模拟分析。模拟分析主要工艺参数——树脂粘度、注射压力及预成型体渗透特性对 RTM工艺过程的影响规律。研究得出注射压力及渗透率与工艺充模时间的定量反比关系,以及树脂粘度与充模时间的的定量线性关系。研究还揭示了注口设计对充模时间的影响规律。实验验证表明工艺模拟分析结果与实验结果有较好的一致性。 RTM工艺过程的计算机模拟分析技术将为优化工艺设计、减低工艺实验成本及保证产品质量提供有效的技术手段     

纤维缠绕角度对CFRP-Al混合圆管横向受载性能影响

基于准静态横向弯曲试验对缠绕工艺下制备的CFRP/Al混合圆管进行抗弯性能和吸能特性研究,分析了混合圆管的破坏模式,基于不同纤维缠绕角度的碳纤维复合材料-铝合金混合圆管三点弯曲试验结果,通过有限元仿真方法研究了内层纤维缠绕角度对其横向抗弯与吸能特性的影响。试验结果表明,CFRP-Al混合圆管横向载荷下的失效形式、损伤模式与纯铝管基本保持一致,但受纤维缠绕角度的影响失效形貌略有差异。纤维缠绕角度越小,CFRP-Al混合圆管的抗弯性能和吸能性越好,同时压溃效率(CFE)明显降低。基于验证的有限元模型,研究不同角度纤维缠绕内层对于表层纤维层的应力传递影响,小角度缠绕内层对于管件的轴向拉伸变形抑制增加了管件整体峰值载荷与吸能作用,大角度缠绕内层对于管件环向刚度的提升增加了整体压溃效率。依此分析可为合理设计CFRP-Al混合管提供有效依据。     

Deformation Behavior of Medium-strength TA18 High-pressure Tubes During NC Bending with Different Bending Radii

To improve the forming quality and forming limit of the numerical control (NC) bending of high-pressure titanium alloy tubes, in this study, using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method, deformation behavior of medium-strength TA18 high-pressure tubes during NC bending with different bending radii is investigated. The results show that the cross-sectional deformation and the wall thickness variation during NC bending of TA18 tubes using a small bending radius (less than 2 times of tube outside diameter) are clearly different from that using a normal bending radius (between 2 and 4 times of tube outside diameter). For bending with a normal bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the distribution of the flattening in the bending area resembles a platform and an asymmetric parabola, respectively. For bending with a small bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the flattening both distributes like a parabola, but the former has a stable peak which deflects toward the initial bending section, and the latter has a more pronounced peak with a bending angle and deflects slightly toward the bending section. The wall thickness variations with a normal bending radius, with and without a mandrel, both resemble a platform when the bending angle exceeds a certain angle. For the bending with a small radius, the distribution of the wall thickness variation without a mandrel follows an approximate parabola which increases in value as the bending angle increases. If a mandrel is used, the thickening ratio increases from the initial bending section to the bending section.     

Forming Characteristics of Al-alloy Large-diameter Thin-walled Tubes in NC-bending Under Axial Compressive Loads

Tube thinning control without wrinkling occurring is a key problem urgently to be solved for improving the forming qualities in numerical control (NC) bending processes of large-diameter Al-alloy thin-walled tubes (AATTs). It may be a way solving this problem to exert axial compression loads (ACL) on the tube end in the bending. Thus, this article establishes a three-dimensional (3D) elastic-plastic explicit finite element (FE) model for the bending under ACL and has its reliability verified. Through a multi-index orthogonal experiment design, a combination of process parameters, each expressed by a proper range, for this FE model is derived to overcome the compression instability on tube ends. By combining the FE model with a wrinkling energy prediction model, an in-depth study is conducted on the forming characteristics of large-diameter AATTs with small bending radii and it can be concluded that (1) The larger the tube diameters and the smaller the bending radii, the larger the induced tangent tension stress zones on tube intrados, by which the tube maximum tangent compression stress zones will be partitioned in the bending processes; thus, the smaller the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees and the larger the compression instability possibilities on tube ends. (2) The tube wrinkling possibilities under ACL are larger than without ACL acting in the earlier forming periods, and smaller in the later ones. (3) For the tubes with a size factor less than 80, the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees are stronger than in increasing wrinkling possibilities.     

Convergence Analysis of the Numerical Solution for Cathode Design of Aero-engine Blades in Electrochemical Machining

As a main difficult problem encountered in electrochemical machining （ECM）, the cathode design is tackled, at present, with various numerical analysis methods such as finite difference, finite element and boundary element methods. Among them, the finite element method presents more flexibility to deal with the irregularly shaped workpieces. However, it is very difficult to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach. This paper proposes an accurate model and a finite element numerical approach of cathode design based on the potential distribution in inter-electrode gap. In order to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach and increase the accuracy in cathode design, the cathode shape should be iterated to eliminate the design errors in computational process. Several experiments are conducted to verify the machining accuracy of the designed cathode. The experimental results have proven perfect convergence and good computing accuracy of the proposed finite element numerical approach by the high surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the machined blades.     

引入材料参数的弯管中性层偏移解析模型

中性层偏移是表征管材弯曲内外侧不均匀变形程度的关键参数。基于弯管截面力矩平衡条件,建立了引入材料参数的管材弯曲变形中性层偏移解析模型,针对管材数控绕弯和压弯过程对所建模型从多个方面进行了评估,研究了不同几何和材料等管材本征参数下的管材弯曲中性层偏移规律。结果表明:应用于TA18钛管数控绕弯,发现所建解析模型与已有解析方法预测精度相当,但能考虑材料参数影响,且相较于有限元模拟,本文解析模型更接近实验结果;应用于A6063铝合金管和AZ31镁合金管压弯过程,并与Hasegawa解析方法相较,发现本文解析模型能够准确预测拉压不对称对压弯中性层偏移的影响;弯曲半径减小,弯管直径增大,中性层向弯曲内侧移动;拉压屈服强度比减小,厚向异性指数增大,中性层向弯曲内侧移动。     

基于有限元模拟的三维型材拉弯轨迹设计

针对三维型材拉弯,提出一种基于变形控制有限元模拟的轨迹设计方法。首先提取模具长度方向特征线并将其离散成诸多线段单元,这样毛料逐步包覆模具的过程就变成毛料包覆这些线段单元的过程。给定毛料依次包覆线段单元发生的变形,根据切线接触条件（拉弯成形过程中毛料离开模具的位置处两者相切）计算出每步毛料末端位移。将这些位移作为边界条件输入有限元模型中计算毛料应力、应变和回弹。根据成形极限图和规定最大回弹超差量来调整变形模式,找到优化的变形模式和拉弯轨迹。以中空矩形截面型材三维拉弯为例,给出了轨迹设计的详细流程。     

夹层板精密成形的数值模拟

为了实现基于“点阵钉模、真空负压、蜂窝夹层”的双曲度面板精密成形过程的有限元数值模拟,分析了成形 2个阶段的变形过程,建立了简化的力学模形,以一种广义协调薄板弯曲四边形位移单元为基础构造了具有公共横向位移自由度的几何非线性四边形四节点分别考虑和不考虑横向剪切的多层板单元,通过牛顿 -拉斐逊法结合载荷、位移约束量的增量法求解几何非线性方程,较好地再现了真实成形过程     

可折叠复合材料豆荚杆的制备与验证

为研制可折叠、自动展开复合材料豆荚杆,对其设计、制备技术进行了探索,并完成了功能实验验证研究.根据豆荚杆使用条件和环境,确定了超薄复合材料结构,通过真空袋法和胶结工艺,制备了豆荚杆.采用有限元法进行了轴向压缩承载能力分析计算,验证了制件可以满足设计指标要求;完成了其在室温下的压扁、卷曲和自动恢复形状的功能实验验证;通过...     

Cross-sectional deformation behavior of double-ridged rectangular tube with fillers in different stages of H-typed bending

The bent double-ridged rectangular tube (DRRT) with high forming quality is helpful to improve the microwave transmission accuracy. For reducing the cross-sectional deformation in the H-typed bending process, in addition to using rigid mandrel to support the inside of tube, ridge groove fillers are also added to restrict the deformation of ridge grooves. Because of the change of stress and strain state of bent tube in bending, rigid mandrel retracting and specially twice-springback stages, and the springback of fillers, the cross-sectional deformation of tube in each stage may be different. Therefore, based on the ABAQUS platform, the finite element models (FEM) for H-typed bending, mandrel retracting and twice-springback stages of H96 DRRT with fillers were established and validated. It is found that, for the height and width deformation of tube and spacing deformation of ridge grooves, retraction of mandrel can make the distribution of these deformations more uniform along the bending direction. The first springback can reduce these deformations significantly, which should be emphasized. But the second springback only increases them by less amount, which can be ignored. The smaller height deformation of ridge groove and filler can be neglected.     

A Study on Multi-defect Constrained Bendability of Thin-walled Tube NC Bending Under Different Clearance

Thin-walled tube numerical control (NC) bending is a tri-nonlinear physical process with multi-defect and multi-die constraints. The clearance on each contact interface is the major factor to indicate the contact conditions. A three-dimensional-finite element (3D-FE) model is established to consider the realistic dynamic boundary conditions of multiple dies under ABAQUS/Explicit platform. Combined with experiment, numerical study on bending behavior and bendability under different clearance between tube and various dies is conducted in terms of wrinkling, wall thinning and cross section deformation. The results show that (1)with smaller clearance of tube-wiper die and tube-mandrel, the wrinkling can be restrained while the wall thinning It and cross-section deformation Id increase; while excessive small clearance blocks tube materials to flow past tangent point and causes piles up, the onset of wrinkling enhances It and Id. (2)Both It and Id decrease with smaller clearance of tube-pressure die; the wrinkling possibility rises with larger clearance on this interface if the mandrel’s freedom along Y-axis is opened; smaller clearance of tube-bend die prevents wrinkling while increases It, and the clearance on this interface has little effect on Id. (3)A modified Yoshida buckling test (YBT) is used to address the wrinkling mechanisms under normal constraints in tube bending: the smaller clearance may restrain wrinkling efficiently; the smaller wall thickness, the less critical clearance needed; the critical clearance for tube bending 38 mm×1 mm×57 mm (tube outer diameter×wall thickness×centerline bending radius) equals about 20% of initial wall thickness.