一阶扩展差分方法在测站GPS时间误差修正中的应用

分析了全球定位系统（简称GPS）时间测量原理、时间测定误差和差分误差消除模型,给出了在航天测控站两套GPS授时系统应用一阶差分方法,即站间单差定位方法,减小误差,提高时间准确度的思路方法,并提出了多站站间单差定位的一阶扩展差分模型。该模型可以用来获取测站多套GPS授时系统的精确时间和任意2个系统时钟同步误差比对。     

GPS授时校频方法研究与试验结果

为了解决多目标综合测量系统各测站之间时间同步和频率校准问题,提出了利用GPS(Global Positioning System)单星或多星共视方法进行站间时间同步与校频,给出了这两种方法的计算公式,分析了星历误差、星钟误差、电离层折射误差、对流层折射误差、多径效应和接收机硬件延迟对时间同步精度的影响.为了验证GPS授时校频精度,进行了相关试验.通过与铯原子钟比对,表明利用GPS可实现纳秒级时间同步,校频精度也优于5.0×10-11,多星共视具有更高的同步校频精度.      

短基线高准确度时间传递研究

为了实现守时系统与授时系统的高准确度时间同步,通过搬运钟法对微波时间传输系统的可测量时延部分进行准确测量,应用测量结果对微波时间传输系统进行校准,将GPS共视比对结果与微波时间传输系统的单、双向比对结果进行分析研究,并用BIPM(BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES)给出的结果进行验证,得出两种不同时间同步方法的同步误差和两种不同方法产生误差的主要原因,给出了两种不同方法在时间统一系统中的的最佳应用模式。     

地外探测设备多传感器硬件时间同步方法研究

地外探测对多传感器数据同步采集有极高需求,针对地外环境无法接收到全球定位系统(GPS)信号的问题,提出一种面向无GPS授时的多传感器硬件时间同步方法.以嵌入式单片机系统(MCU)为核心设计高精度时间同步硬件框架,综合运用模拟GPS授时、秒脉冲(PPS)校时和脉冲触发结合的方法,分别对多路相机、惯性测量单元(IMU)和激光雷达进行数据采集同步,在上位机实现时间戳和数据的精确匹配.并搭建硬件平台,设计验证方案,实验测试同步误差.实验结果表明,该时间同步方法可实现传感器数据同步采集,同步精度约2 ms.相比现有地外探测设备,同步精度显著提高,对下一代地外探测设备数据同步采集、实现自主导航与避障有一定借鉴意义.     

基于星间链路的导航卫星时间自主恢复策略

基于北斗导航卫星星间链路的测距与数传功能，针对自主导航时卫星时频子系统异常导致载荷系统断电重启的情况，提出了一种基于星载计算机自主计时及星间链路误差校正的策略.在载荷系统重启时间内，利用星载计算机守时，并通过十秒稳定度预报晶振频率漂移量的方法，维持星钟在重启时间内的稳定.载荷系统重启后，星载计算机授时给导航任务处理机，通过误差分析计算出总误差.该误差在星间链路建链误差允许范围内，然后通过星间链路对星钟误差进行校正恢复，重新实现星地时间同步.      

BPL长波附加二次相位因子采集与建模

分析了长波BPL授时传播误差,设计了一个定点附加二次相位因子(ASF)传播误差数据实时采集系统。对误差模型进行了系统辨识研究,研究结果表明定点附加二次相位因子(ASF)误差基本属于平稳随机过程。并运用时间序列分析方法对BPL长波传播中附加二次相位因子(ASF)进行研究,取得初步模型数据,得到一些有益的结论,为获得的模型数据为进行ASF误差的预测及扣除其对长波BPL授时影响,提高授时精度的研究提供了依据。     

星间DOWRT中的相对论效应分析与修正

推导了双向单程测距与时间同步(DOWRT,Dual One-Way Ranging/Time Synchronization)的解耦方程,分析了空间动态下DOWRT法的计算方法及相对论效应在测距和时间比对中的影响,提出了带有相对论效应修正的DOWRT算法,最后分别仿真分析了低轨编队飞行卫星和导航星座中的距离与时间同步测量中相对论效应引起的误差.结果表明:卫星间采用DOWRT测量方法时,由相对论效应引起的低轨短基线编队飞行卫星间距离测量误差为米级、时间同步误差为亚皮秒级,而在导航星座测量中引起近百米级距离测量误差和高达微秒级的时间同步误差.因此为了实现导航卫星间高精度距离与时间同步测量,必须进行相对论效应修正.     

双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准技术研究

设备时延校准误差是卫星导航系统中伪码测距实现双向时间同步的重要误差因素,其精确校准是实现时间同步的关键技术。针对设备时延问题展开研究,提出了一种物理含义清晰、易于测量的设备时延的新定义。设计实现了一种双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准方案,基于时间同步站硬件平台验证了设备时延校准的有效性,试验结果表明时延校准的精度与准确度达到了亚纳秒量级。     

基于伪距差分增强的分布式节点时间同步方法

传统时频同步方法维持分布式节点之间同步的精度较高，但并不适用于空间非接触节点的时频同步问题.本文提出一种基于伪距差分增强的时间同步方法，给出了系统原理和基本组成，运用总体最小二乘法解算分布式节点的先验钟差信息，并利用卡尔曼滤波构建了主从节点间的时间同步算法模型.仿真校验与结果分析显示，相比独立GPS授时同步，本文提出的系统同步算法能够提高空间分布式节点同步精度，在基线距离平均为25km的条件下，可将节点同步精度控制在亚纳秒量级.      

在时分通讯导航系统中的时间同步问题

本文对时分通讯导航系统中的时间同步问题进行了初步的研究,讨论了时系的构成,系统中时钟的稳定度;入网同步;系统的工作区域等问题。提出了各种测量时钟之间时差的各种方法,并对时差的误差进行了分析。     

Space science education in Egypt and the 2006 solar eclipse

The space science research has been started in Egypt since 1910 by measuring the solar constant as indication of solar radiation at Helwan Observatory. The solar sunspot studies and its influence on the Nile flooding was erected and operated at Helwan as a first solar station in Egypt during 1957. Zeiss-Coude’ refractor was installed in 1964. Astronomy and space science educations started in Egypt at the university level since 1936 at Department of Astronomy and Meteorology of Cairo University. Undergraduate and graduate education in Egypt will be discussed in this work.     

互联网上计算机时间传递系统设计方案及实验结果分析

计算机互联网的发展，使信息的传递更加方便、快捷。在时间频率用户中，中、低准确度的用户占很大比例，计算机互联网时间传递已经成为一个重要的手段。中国的网络授时系统从２０００年１月开通以来，近万人访问了授时网站ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｋｘｚｈ．ｓｘｓｏ．ａｃ．ｃｎ或其镜像站点ｈｔｔｐ：／／Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇｔｉｍｅ．１２６．ｃｏｍ。介绍了国家授时中心网络授时系统的设计要点，给出了网络授时传递时间准确度的测量方法，分析了网络授时实验结果。     

Multiwavelength astronomy using ESIS

We present results on multi-frequency astronomy obtained using the European Space Information System, ESIS. ESIS is an ESA service designed to access, manipulate and combine archival data from a number of remote archives in the fields of Astronomy and Space Physics. The examples presented here include plots of radio-to-X-ray energy distribution of Active Galactic Nuclei, spectrograms of IUE/UV data, direct comparison of images from different experiments and overlay of catalogue sources on image data. The ESIS project is currently reaching the end of its pilot phase. Its services will be available to the general astronomical community in 1993.     

Development of Space Environment Research and Service in China

During the past two years, space environment has achieved great development in space environment monitoring, model research, system developing and space environment service in China. In this paper, we mainly introduce space environment safety support for Shenzhou-7 manned spacecraft, two typical space environment operation platforms, and the advance of Re-locatable Atmospheric Observatory (RAO). At the last part of this paper, the Sub-committee on Space Environment(SSE) which was set up in 2009 under the Technical Committee on Space Technology and Operation of Standardization Administration of China is briefly introduced.      

Space Weather applications with CDPP/AMDA

AMDA (Automated Multi-Dataset Analysis), a new data analysis service, recently opened at the French Plasma Physics Data Center (CDPP). AMDA is developed according to the Virtual Observatory paradigm: it is a web-based facility for on-line analyses of space physics. Data may come from its own local database as well as remote ones. This tool allows the user to perform classical manipulations such as data visualization, parameter computation and data extraction. AMDA also offers innovative functionalities such as event searches on the content of the data in either visual or automated ways, generation, use and management of time tables (event lists). The general functionalities of AMDA are presented in the context of Space Weather with example scientific use cases.     

Advances in Research and Service of Space Environment in China

This paper presents the recent progress of space environment research and service in China.During the past two years,many models of space environment forecast and analysis methods of space environment effects have been developed for tailored space environment service for Chinese space mission.A new Re-locatable Atmospheric Observatory(RAO)for monitoring atmospheric wind,temperature,density and pressure of the near space from 20 km up to 120 km altitudes is being constructed.In space environment service space environment safety was provided to ensure the safety of CE-1 for its launch and operation in 2007.      

SOFIA: Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy

SOFIA is a planned 2.5 meter telescope to be installed in a Boeing 747 aircraft and operated at altitudes from 41,000 to 46,000 feet. It will permit routine measurement of infrared radiation inaccessible from the ground-based sites, and observation of astronomical objects and transient events from anywhere in the world. The concept is based on 18 years of experience with NASA's Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO), which SOFIA would replace.     

基于LabVIEW远程校准系统研究

远程校准系统可提高部队的机动计量保障能力，是未来我军计量保障的发展方向。远程校准系统分离了专业计量人员与校准现场，可在任何时间、任何地点实现校准操作。基于LabVIEW开发平台，对系统中客户端、网络传输部分、服务器进行了详细的设计，利用远程校准系统完成了电源Maynuo M8831的远程校准，并自动生成校准结果。该系统操作简单易懂，为部队武器装备的远程校准提供技术支撑。     

Design and experiment of onboard laser time transfer in Chinese Beidou navigation satellites

High-precision time synchronization between satellites and ground stations plays the vital role in satellite navigation system. Laser time transfer (LTT) technology is widely recognized as the highest accuracy way to achieve time synchronization derived from satellite laser ranging (SLR) technology. Onboard LTT payload has been designed and developed by Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and successfully applied to Chinese Beidou navigation satellites. By using the SLR system, with strictly controlling laser firing time and developing LTT data processing system on ground, the high precise onboard laser time transfer experiment has been first performed for satellite navigation system in the world. The clock difference and relative frequency difference between the ground hydrogen maser and space rubidium clocks have been obtained, with the precision of approximately 300 ps and relative frequency stability of 10E−14. This article describes the development of onboard LTT payload, introduces the principle, system composition, applications and LTT measuring results for Chinese satellite navigation system.     

SAX overview

Information is given concerning the satellite for X-Ray Astronomy SAX, a project of the Italian Space Agency in collaboration with the Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programs, due for launch at end 1993.

The scientific objectives and the payload are described, together with the ground system structure and organization.