Scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first Mars exploration mission

This paper describes the scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first exploration mission to Mars. An orbiter, carrying a lander and a rover, lifted-off in July 2020 for a journey to Mars where it should arrive in February 2021. A suite of 13 scientific payloads, for in-situ and remote sensing, autonomously commanded by integrated payload controllers and mounted on the orbiter and the rover will study the magnetosphere and ionosphere of Mars and the relation with the solar wind, the atmosphere, surface and subsurface of the planet, looking at the topography, composition and structure and in particular for subsurface ice. The mission will also investigate Mars climate history. It is expected that Tianwen-1 will contribute significantly to advance our scientific knowledge of Mars.     

宽带高集成多级射频互连技术

针对微波电路三维集成结构的迫切需求,开展宽带高集成多级射频互连技术研究。主要设计了两种电路结构,多级水平互连电路与多级垂直互连电路。多级水平互连电路中,通过优化同轴-微带线的水平过渡以及倒角过渡方式,得到在DC～30GHz内的仿真结果,回波损耗优于21dB,插入损耗优于0.16dB;多级垂直互连电路中,通过优化BGA板间互连结构,得到在DC～30GHz内的仿真结果,信号的回波损耗优于13dB,插入损耗优于0.57dB。在小型化、高集成的需求下,宽带高集成多级射频互连技术是解决宽带射频信号传输问题的关键技术路径,可以广泛应用在微波电路三维集成结构中,具有重大的应用前景。     

SSPS-OMEGA超大型球形聚光器结构拓扑构型与设计

为同时兼顾千米量级尺度空间太阳能电站聚光系统的在轨发射安装难度、光学收集效率、稳定性及结构工艺等多方面的因素，提出采用基于球面正多面体的经纬线划分法模块化构建球形聚光器。该方法不仅可实现基础划分单元分布均匀、规格种类少，降低在轨构建与运载发射难度。而且只要合理控制弧高等分数和基础划分单元的口径就可以同时保证聚光系统的光学收集效率。理论与仿真结果显示，当弧高等分数为24时，该划分法共有25种基础单元件，整个球面被分成5762块。并且此时模块化构建的实际球形聚光器的光学收集效率与理想球面相比基本保持不变，解决了太阳能电站聚光系统设计中存在的关键问题。     

A New D-GCL for Unidirectional Motion with Large Displacement

Numerical simulations of unsteady flow problems with moving boundaries commonly require the use of geometric conservation law(GCL).However,in cases of unidirectional large mesh deformation,the cumulative error caused by the discrete procedure in GCL can significantly increase,and a direct consequence is that the calculated cell volume may become negative.To control the cumulative error,a new discrete GCL(D-GCL)is proposed.Unlike the original D-GCL,the proposed method uses the control volume analytically evaluated according to the grid motion at the time level n,instead of using the calculated value from the D-GCL itself.Error analysis indicates that the truncation error of the numerical scheme is guaranteed to be the same order as that obtained from the original D-GCL,while the accumulated error is greatly reduced.For validation,two challenging large deformation cases including a rotating circular cylinder case and a descending GAW-(1)two-element airfoil case are selected to be investigated.Good agreements are found between the calculated results and some other literature data,demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed D-GCL for unidirectional motions with large displacements.     

基于子阵级非周期的有限扫描阵列研究

对基于子阵级非周期的有限扫描阵列进行研究,采用数值仿真和遗传算法对基于不同子阵规模的非周期阵列进行优化设计,分析4?4和2?2两种子阵规模对接收多波束应用中伴随波束方向图的影响,研究表明子阵规模过大会引起伴随波束方向图的旁瓣抬升,通过减小子阵规模可以避免该问题,论证了设计的基于2?2子阵的非周期八角阵可应用于有限视场扫描相控阵中。     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

某型飞机后边条焊接盒段优化研究

某型飞机后边条焊接盒段是用于安装平尾的重要受力构件,由材料为30CrMnSiA的板弯件、机加件及加强筋焊接组合而成。由于盒段焊缝数量多、零件壁厚薄,故在组合焊接时容易出现焊接变形、变形后校形困难等问题,使焊缝质量难以保证。本文对焊接盒段结构方案进行了优化研究,在最终选定的结构优化方案中,其盒段壁板为整体机加成型,大量采用机械连接,焊缝数量少,焊接形式简单,缩短了盒段的焊接周期,改善了焊接盒段生产的工艺性,满足了该型号飞机的批产要求。     

高超声速飞行器自抗扰分数阶PID控制器设计(英文)

自抗扰控制器利用跟踪微分器可解决超调量及快速性之间的矛盾,分数阶PID控制器在提高控制品质的同时扩大了被控系统参数的稳定域。结合自抗扰技术及分数阶PID控制器设计了自抗扰分数阶PID控制器,并应用于高超声速飞行器再入姿态控制。仿真结果表明,自抗扰分数阶PID控制器对于高超声速飞行器非线性模型及强外干扰的影响下具有很好的控制效果,并且有较大的稳定域,即针对被控系统参数变化具有更强的鲁棒性。     

基于ABAQUS的渐开线齿轮齿根裂纹扩展仿真

齿轮在传动过程中经常发生断裂,严重影响了齿轮的使用。本文研究了齿轮齿根裂纹扩展特性,为齿轮安全设计打下基础。通过Pro/E参数化建模建立一对啮合渐开线齿轮,加载一定载荷后通过分析得到最大应力区域、假定裂纹源头和初始裂纹方向;在应力强度因子的计算过程中,从线弹性断裂力学角度出发,应用ABAQUS软件计算得到裂纹尖端应力强度因子;根据最大周向应力法,计算了裂纹失稳后的扩展角,并在ABAQUS中分步模拟了裂纹的扩展趋势;当kI值发生突变后,裂纹迅速扩展以致轮齿断裂。     

高速飞行器轻质防热材料高温环境下的隔热性能研究

导弹等高速飞行器广泛采用轻质材料进行热防护,但实际使用的轻质防热材料由于在密度、质量、工艺、生产批次等多方面的原因,厂家提供的非连续表征的离散式材料导热系数,与非线性连续变化的实际热参数之间存在一定差别.建立轻质防热材料高温导热系数测量装置,通过试验得到轻质高温陶瓷隔热材料导热系数与温度之间的非线性关系,为提高数值计算...