航天器运输包装箱仿真验证平台技术研究

针对数量有限的物理跑车试验无法满足减振与保温性能测试需求的问题，提出一套航天器运输包装箱动力学与热学仿真验证方法，包括：建立适用于包装箱系统的刚柔耦合多体动力学系统，通过结合线路条件测试生成的动力学系统外部激励，实现减振性能虚拟跑车测试；建立基于计算流体力学的包装箱热学模型，通过模拟自然对流和空调控制，实现包装箱保温性能虚拟跑车测试；基于C/S架构和导航式流程设计思想，建立航天器运输包装箱仿真验证平台，通过实际案例证明该平台仿真结果与实际跑车测试数据具有较高的一致性。     

An innovative approach for integrated airline network and aircraft family optimization

The determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines, as well as for carrying out market research, to establish target markets, and for aircraft and crew rostering. In addition, optimum airplane types for the selected networks are crucial to improve revenue and to provide reduced operating costs. The present study proposes an innovative approach to determine the optimal aerial transport network simultaneously with the determination of the optimum fleet for that network, composed of three types of airplanes (network and vehicle integrated design). The network profit is maximized. The passenger’s demands between the airports are determined via a gravitational model. An embedded linear programming solution is responsible for obtaining potential optimal network configurations. The optimum fleet combination is determined from a database of candidate aircraft designs via genetic algorithm. A truly realistic airplane representation is made possible thanks to accurate surrogate models for engine and aerodynamics is adopted. An accurate engine deck encompassing a compression map and an innovative engine weight calculation besides an aerodynamical artificial neural network module enable a high degree of accuracy for the mission analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to obtain the optimum network comprised of twenty main Brazilian airports and corresponding fleet.     

翼身融合运输机分布式电推进系统设计及油耗评估

针对翼身融合运输机开展了分布式电推进系统的总体设计与油耗评估。通过数值计算完成了70t载质量翼身融合飞机的气动设计与优化。在巡航马赫数为0.80和10km高度的设计点,最大升阻比达到了24。通过求解积分边界层方程组,完成了电推进系统的总体设计。电推进系统包含10个推进风扇,风扇直径为1.45m，压比为1.35，巡航功率为2.94MW。建立了考虑燃烧过程的发动机一维性能模型,对发动机油耗进行了评估,获得了不同发动机循环参数下燃油消耗。建模结果表明,基于翼身融合布局和分布式电推进技术,可使运输机的油耗较C-17节省近50%。      

小型磁偏转质谱计性能实验研究

自主研发了小型磁偏转质谱计，并对其质量范围、分辨本领、灵敏度和最小可检分压力四个主要性能指标进行了实验测试和比对。结果表明，该质谱计的质量范围为（1~143）amu，相对N₂的分辨本领为1400，灵敏度为4.2×10^-5 A/Pa，最小可检分压力为9.5×10^-7 Pa。该测试和比对结果为磁偏转质谱计进一步的优化设计和性能提高奠定了重要基础。     

Investigating the Coronal Mass Ejections associated with DH type-II radio bursts and solar flares during the ascending phase of the solar cycle 24

We studied a set of 74 CMEs, with shedding the light on the halo-CMEs (HCMEs), that are associated with decametric – hectometric (DH) type-II radio bursts (1–16?MHz) and solar flares during the period 2008–2014. The events were classified into 3 groups (disk, intermediate, and limb events) based on their longitudinal distribution.We found that the events are mostly distributed around 15.32° and 15.97° at the northern and southern solar hemispheres, respectively. We found that there is a clear dependence between the longitude and the CME’s width, speed, acceleration, mass, and kinetic energy. For the CMEs’ widths, most of the events were HCMEs (～62%), while the partial HCMEs comprised ～35% and the rest of events were CMEs with widths less than 120°. For the CMEs’ speeds, masses, and kinetic energies, the mean values showed a direct proportionality with the longitude, in which the limb events had the highest speeds, the largest masses, and the highest kinetic energies. The mean peak flux of the solar flares for different longitudes was comparable, but the disk flares were more energetic. The intermediate flares were considered as gradual flares since they tended to last longer, while the limb flares were considered as impulsive flares since they tended to last shorter.A weak correlation (R?=?0.32) between the kinetic energy of the CMEs and the duration of the associated flares has been noticed, while there was a good correlation (R?=?0.76) between the kinetic energy of the CMEs and the peak flux of the associated flares. We found a fair correlation (R?=?0.58) between the kinetic energy of the CMEs and the duration of the associated DH type-II radio bursts.     

民用飞机不同商载配置对机身着陆载荷的影响分析

重量分布和重心位置是影响起落架和机体地面载荷的重要因素,其中商载是影响全机重心、惯量的最活跃因素。飞机实际运营中,有无穷多种商载分布及装载方案。为了确保机身载荷分析时,不遗漏严重设计情况,同时能大大减少载荷人员的工作量,本文对不同商载配置下的机身着陆载荷进行了研究分析,分析结果表明最大商载情况将构成机身垂直剪力和垂直弯矩的严重情况。因此,在进行机身载荷分析时,必须考虑最大商载情况,而最大燃油情况可以不必考虑。这一结论为今后有针对性的开展民机机身载荷分析提供了数据支持。     

非典事件对民航客运的干预影响分析

随着人们消费能力的增强和航空业市场化的深入,中国民航客运量发生了爆炸性的增长,但由于民航面对的是高端客运市场,行业具有高风险的特征,容易受到外部冲击的影响。通过时间序列模型的干预分析考察了非典事件对民航客运量的影响。从分析结果看,非典外部冲击对民航客运量的负面作用很快被市场反弹和相关优惠政策抚平,并对客运量的增长带来了持续的正影响。这一结果说明高速发展阶段的民航对抗非典这类外部冲击的能力较强,直接和滞后的减税政策并非最优的政策选择。     

运输类飞机适坠性审定技术研究进展

为了提高坠机事故中乘员的生存率．飞机应当具备良好的适坠性,将乘客的冲击过载限制在人体所能承受的范围内。本文综述了近年来国内外有关飞机适坠性试验与数值模拟应用的研究成果与发展前景,在此基础上指出了我国民用飞机适坠性审定技术中存在的主要问题。     

采用改进的层次分析法进行运输机生存力方案优选

提出了一种运输机生存力方案选优模型.提出改进的层次分析法.通过构建军用运输机生存力评价指标体系.建立了基于改进的层次分析法军用运输机生存力方案选优模型.最后,通过模型在四种生存力方案的评价选优中的实例应用.证明了模型的有效性.     

离心压气机中进口导叶尾迹的形态、输运及与叶轮流场的相互影响研究

对跨声速离心压气机中进口导叶与叶轮的相互影响作用进行了数值模拟研究,研究模型包括三种几何间距模型及对同一间距几何模型使用了两种不同的转静子交界面位置设定。计算结果表明：转静子交界面位置的设定对于多排叶片混合平面法定常计算性能会产生较大影响,5%叶轮轴向长度的变化就可造成1%的效率、2%的压比差别;进口导叶与叶轮的叶排间距大小对离心压气机级气动性能影响很小,但间距较小时会造成流场内较大的压力波动。在近叶排间距时,导叶切割叶轮激波会在导叶压力面侧产生一个高损失区,并沿导叶表面向上游传播;该高损失区由激波压力波造成。此外,激波存在与否,影响到两排叶片流场的相互影响作用强度：激波使叶轮对导叶流场的影响几倍甚至十几倍大于导叶对叶轮流场的影响;激波的影响作用使导叶压力面、吸力面侧压力波动由不同的原因造成。最后,在近叶排间距时,初始进入叶轮通道内且靠近主叶片压力面的尾迹相对靠近吸力面的尾迹片会滞后;完全进入叶轮通道后,近压力面侧尾迹的滞后更显著。