基于ICAO起降模型的中国机场飞机排污计算研究

结合ICAO机场排放计算方法，在考虑3种主要气体污染物HC、CO和NOx的情况下，提出了适合中国机场飞机排放污染物的计算方法。该方法基于国际民航组织（ICAO）规定的标准起飞着陆（LTO）循环的模型，采用ICAO发动机排放数据库（ICAO aircraft engine emissions databank），通过搜集中国民航机队的飞机／发动机配置信息及所列机场航班计划表，计算出机场污染物年排放量。     

展示样机客舱设计理念与设计技术研究

展示样机是型号客机在设计初期,为向客户展示所设计客机客舱及驾驶舱先进、合理的布局设计、独具创意的内设系统,展示客机舒适性和先进性的特色而设计,对客机的设计、销售来讲意义重大。阐述了客机展示样机客舱的设计理念及设计技术,以期对未来系列性飞机的发展提供技术支持。     

航空运输业排放环境影响评估研究

利用ICAO发动机排放数据库构建了航空运输业排放环境外部成本测算模型,并选取首都国际机场等6个国际机场作为实证研究的对象,测算了其2008年排放产生的环境外部成本,可以看出中国机场普遍存在着显著的排放环境外部成本。同时,针对中国航空运输业的发展现状,提出了通过实施排放权交易制度将中国航空运输业环境外部成本内部化的政策建议。研究成果可用于中国航空运输业排放环境外部成本的测算和治理。     

机动飞机／发动机设计参数的一体化选择

发展了一种机动飞机／发动机设计参数的一体化选择方法和软件。根据机动飞机的飞行任务要求，确定设计目标和约束，其中包括飞机性能约束和发动机部件设计约束，并以此对飞机的主要设计参数和发动机循环参数进行一体化优选。该软件由飞机几何、飞机质量、飞机气动性能、发动机非安装和安装性能、发动机质量和外廓尺寸、飞机性能、优化等模块组成。此软件已应用于已有机动飞机／发动机的改型方案论证和未来高机动飞机／发动机方案的分析研究，本文给出部分计算实例。使用此软件的经验表明，计算结果合理，计算精度和所需时间适合于飞机／发动机系统方案论证和初步设计。     

飞行器多学科综合设计新算法

 为解决飞行器多学科设计优化难点问题,提出圆环图网络设计安排、主要设计变量确定方法、三次黄金分割法确定正交设计水平以及无量纲化多目标处理法,并将正交迭代和神经网络计算相结合以形成一种新算法,来寻求最优解。算例表明算法在飞行器设计中有效。     

System Analysis for an Airline Operational Environment Through a Computerized Network Simulation Model

The computerized model permits a mixed fleet of aircraft to ?fly? over a route structure for a given time period. By doing so, the detailed operational and economic factors are evaluated. In the past, the above-mentioned information was available after the purchase of the aircraft, and the selection of the airplane was done by little-known parameters. This program will furnish the data before the aircraft is purchased, thus taking the guessing from the selection. The high investment makes it mandatory for airline management to examine and to know ahead what to expect from the airplane and what is the acceptable return on this investment. On the other hand, an existing fleet with a given route structure can be analyzed by varying the schedule.     

"Electric Airplane" Environmental Control Systems Energy Requirements

The "electric airplane" environmental control system (ECS) design drivers is discussed for an electric airplane from two aspects. The first aspect considered is the type of aircraft. The three examples selected are the 150-passenger commercial airline transport, the military on-station electronic-surveillance patrol aircraft, and the air-defense interceptor fighter. These vehicle examples illustrate the effect of both mission and mission profile on the design requirements of the ECS and the differences that the requirements make on the resulting advantages and disadvantages of electrification. For the commercial transport, the selection of the air source for ventilation will be featured. For the patrol aircraft, the cooling unit will be evaluated. For the fighter, emphasis will be placed on the need for systems integration. The second and more important consideration is the definition of the environmental control system requirements for both energy supply and heat sink thermal management integration from the power plant (engine) that make an electric ECS viable for each type of vehicle.     

基于知识的可扩展飞机概念设计环境原型研究(英文)

由于飞机概念设计阶段所涉及任务的高度复杂性和多学科集成性,知识和经验成为设计师开展设计任务的基础。即使针对同一个设计任务,不同的设计师仍需要适合他们自己的设计知识、方法和工具来满足其个体要求。针对以上需求本文提出了一种基于知识的可扩展的构建飞机概念设计系统的方法。基于这种方法建立了具有开放式框架基于知识的飞机概念设计环境KEACDE。设计师应用此环境可以封装集成所需的设计分析组件并构建针对不同需求的飞机概念设计系统。定义了KEACDE的系统框架,知识组件封装方法和可扩展基础数据库建立方法。应用KEACDE实现了一个民用飞机概念设计系统的构建。最后给出了民用飞机设计实例以说明系统的可行性。     

An air-rail inter-modal strategy for aircraft recovery

It is common that airlines encounter a disruption of a flight schedule, which is mainly caused by resource shortages. In case of a disruption, subject to scarce resources, most of airlines lose flexibility of performing aircraft recovery on the basis of business interest priorities and need to delay, swap, and cancel flights. This paper proposes an air-rail inter-modal strategy to incorporate a High-Speed Rail(HSR) transport mode into an aviation network for aircraft recovery. The air-rail inter...     

几何规划在飞机总体设计中的应用

系统地讨论了代数多项式的算术－ 几何均值定理,并对原型几何规划理论作出了简明的推导与分析。提出了具有缩并迭代特性的几何规划求解理论和编程步骤。还用２ 个工程设计的优化求解算例来说明这种缩并迭代几何规划优化求解特点和优点。例１ 显示了几何规划的工程实用性和简易性;例２ 通过轻型飞机总体方案参数优化,说明所提出的优化方法,可随设计人员思路的变动而得到及时地相适应。     

翼身融合飞机的空气动力学研究进展

翼身融合飞机(Blended Wing Body Aircraft-BWB Aircraft)是一种新型高升阻比无尾布局的大型运输机,其气动特性的研究是BWB布局飞机克服众多技术难题的基础。文章首先简述了BWB布局的研究历程,给出巨型BWB布局飞机的总体几何特征参数和基本性能,并简述风洞和自由飞试验情况;接着介绍BWB研究中的多学科优化平台,着重讨论气动优化技术,它是解决BWB布局气动问题的基础手段之一;然后综述BWB布局研究的热点领域:气动特性研究、气动弹性研究和发动机/机体一体化设计研究;最后提出BWB布局发展趋势的若干方面。     

空战中机群编队分层优化算法

针对机群编队优化计算复杂的问题,提出了一种分层优化算法。根据敌我双方的距离、角度、速度以及飞机导弹、雷达的性能,建立了多机协同任务分配模型。根据空战中常用的基本飞机队形,对敌方机群编队进行分层,对每层分别计算己方对选取各种基本队形时的任务分配结果和队形优化优势值,通过比较得到己方机群编队的每层最优队形,当得到己方每层的最优队形之后,将己方每层最优队形进行组合解码就可得到己方机群编队的最优队形。仿真结果表明该方法能有效地解决机群编队队形优化问题,并且该算法具有较好的实时性。     

基于粒子群优化算法的飞机维修计划编制优化

针对国内航空公司的维修生产管理,分析了维修计划的编制流程,建立了相应的整数规划数学模型,该模型采用维修停场损失、维修加班费用和维修外包费用的和作为目标函数,可用于混合机型机队的定检维修计划的制定。同时分析研究了粒子群优化算法,并采用该算法对模型进行求解。数据仿真结果表明,建立的模型和求解算法切实可行。     

基于多目标优化的运输机任务设备配置研究

为得到合理的任务设备配置比例,对运输机任务设备配置进行优化。军用运输机可执行多种任务类型,需要配置不同的任务设备以实现货舱构型的转换。任务设备的配置比例应兼顾任务成功率、经济性和利用率等多目标要求。为此,以小规模运输机队为研究对象,给出了任务设备配置目标优化原则和边界条件,建立了配置模型,运用线性加权和法进行求解,并进行了模型灵敏度分析和偏差分析,得出了各任务设备的最佳配置比例,可解决小规模运输机队的任务设备配置问题。实例证明了配置结果的有效性。     

神经网络在无人机电控活塞发动机试验中应用

分析了无人机用电控活塞发动机试验特点以及试验中存在的难点,针对电控发动机高海拔标定试验中进气歧管压力(manifold air pressure,简称MAP)传感器数据的传统线性插值方法不能完全表述电控发动机非线性特性的缺陷,提出采用BP(back propagation)神经网络模型的解决方案.为避免目前应用神经网络方法中所存在的不足,通过采用原始数据分组方法进行网络训练误差的实时反馈和控制,较好地解决了神经网络训练过程中容易陷入"局部最优"和"过拟合"状态,并对BP神经网络预测结果给予了详细研究,训练误差和预测误差分析结果表明了该方法的可行性和计算结果的可信性.      

Crop Dusting using GPS

Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and GPS-based swath guidance systems are used on agricultural aircraft for remote sensing, airplane guidance, and to support variable-rate aerial application of crop inputs such as insecticides, cotton growth regulators, and defoliants. Agricultural aircraft travel at much greater speeds than ground equipment (65 m/s, typically), so longitudinal (along-track) error in GPS-derived position is likely to be pronounced. Due to rapid ground speeds, determination of exact GPS-derived aircraft location requires special methodologies. To meet the need for determining ground position accurately, a ground-based spotting system using two strategically placed mirrors was designed to reflect sunlight to the belly of the aircraft when the plane passed over a ground reference point. The light beam was detected by a photocell on the airplane, causing a solid state relay to close through appropriate circuitry. When the relay closed, a record was placed in the data file for the airplane's Satloc GPS receiver, accurate to 0.01 s allowing exact position to be logged. Two stand-alone GPS receivers were evaluated along with the Satloc system, and their readings were compared with readings from the Satloc. For one day of testing used as an example, the Satloc lagged the ground reference point by an average of -4.53 m (S.D. = 0.68) in the east-west directions and led the reference point in the north-south directions by an average of +7.88 m (S.D. = 0.52). Positioning data from one stand-alone GPS receiver showed a distinct ground speed dependency, making it unsuitable for use in aircraft. Output from the other receiver (designed for aircraft use) was insensitive to ground speed changes but exhibited a look-ahead equivalent to 2-s at the ground speeds evaluated.     

航空发动机喷管隐身修形设计技术分析

介绍了国外航空发动机喷管隐身修形设计技术在轰炸机、战斗机及无人机上的应用,阐述了喷管隐身修形设计技术的基本原理及其在实现发动机红外隐身及雷达隐身方面的重要性。分析了喷管锯齿修形设计技术对飞机/发动机的气动特性、红外及雷达隐身的影响,着重分析了锯齿结构对高温气流核心区长度的影响,获得了飞机类型、作战目的、喷管类型等因素与喷管锯齿修形设计技术选取的关系,及2元喷管锯齿形结构与轴对称喷管锯齿形结构的设计原则。     

Aviation data networks: security issues and network architecture

The information technology (IT) revolution, combined with people's need to access information quickly, has resulted in the explosive growth of the Internet in the past decade. Ubiquitous access to the Internet has become an essential component of a mobile workforce, and multiple mechanisms are being devised to ensure seamless connectivity to corporate resources. An integrated security framework requires careful consideration of the security features of the network within an airplane. Potentially, the aircraft could consist of three kinds of networks, namely: passenger network, crew network, and control network. The security protocol implemented must ensure a proper separation of these networks and also watch for any security protocol violations. In this paper, the authors review existing aircraft data network standards, security provisioning, and security threats associated with the aircraft data networks. In addition, the authors also analyze the security threats associated with different network architectures.     

发动机技术进步对飞机先进性的重要作用

推进技术的创新曾经是空中运输进步的基本推动力.研制大型客机,必须认识发动机技术进步对飞机性能先进性的重要作用.以用于波音公司B787梦幻飞机的美国通用电气公司(GE)的GEnx发动机为例,分析发动机技术先进性对飞机高效、低污染、智能化、低成本和舒适性的作用.最后从国外的技术发展途径,提出发展我国发动机技术的一些想法.      

某型飞机发动机产品智能化检测仪的设计

为了实现对飞机发动机产品快速智能化检测,在对其原有试验台的分立元件电子电路系统的工作原理进行分析的基础上,设计开发了一种新型智能化检测系统,并介绍了系统的软硬件设计方案。该系统用于某型飞机安装和试飞车间对其发动机产品的智能化检验和测试,实现了检测仪器的国产化。