姿轨控发动机开机充填和关机传热特性

以双组元姿轨控液体火箭发动机为研究对象,为提高其响应速度和安全可靠性,通过实验和仿真对其开机充填和关机传热特性进行了研究。开展了透明喷注器试验件瞬态流动过程的实验研究,采用高速相机进行液流拍摄,对喷注器试验件瞬态流动过程进行仿真计算,并与实验结果进行对比,验证了流体体积模型计算的合理性。仿真结果表明地面状态各安装方向下...     

基于贝叶斯因子和二阶概率方法的圣地亚热传导模型确认挑战问题

针对美国圣地亚国家实验室为促进模型确认方法的发展所提出的热传导挑战问题,根据现代模型确认思想总结了该挑战问题解答中应包含的核心内容。在确认度量环节采用贝叶斯因子考察了实验数据是否支持所给模型,在此基础上通过二阶概率方法得到了模型预测的分布,以此计算出模型预测结论的置信度。该过程中考虑了模型参数的随机不确定性和认知不确定性,最后通过灵敏度分析辨识了模型参数的不确定性对模型预测的影响。研究表明该挑战问题中的实验数据支持所给模型,模型预测受导热系数的不确定性影响最大,模型预测材料在调控条件下的失效概率不满足调控要求,该结论的置信度为99.97%。     

高超声速二元进气道前体曲线激波逆向设计

为实现高超声速二元进气道前体激波的压缩能力、压缩效率、流量捕获特性和结构长度可控,提出了平面曲线激波逆向设计方法。采用B-Spline曲线控制激波形状。利用有旋特征线法,求解激波的影响域及决定激波的壁面。设计了一凹激波,并对波后流场进行CFD无黏数值模拟,CFD结果和设计结果一致,验证了设计方法的可行性。此外,还设计了直激波、凹激波和凸激波3种激波,并对其在设计点和非设计点处的性能开展了数值研究。在设计点处,分析了激波的压缩比、激波的总压恢复系数、激波压缩区的压升、激波压缩区出口马赫数和流动角随激波控制角的变化规律。在非设计点处,分析了激波压缩区的流量系数和总压恢复系数随攻角和马赫数的变化规律。     

基于试验设计的高负荷轴流压气机叶顶喷气参数化研究

为了揭示叶顶喷气对压气机稳定裕度的影响规律,对一跨声速轴流压气机进行三维非定常数值模拟,结合试验设计与统计学分析的方法对叶顶喷气展开参数化研究,并分析了叶顶喷气的扩稳机理。研究表明,叶顶喷气整体上提升了压气机的性能,通过激励叶顶环壁附面层抑制叶顶泄漏涡堵塞,达到提升压气机稳定裕度的目的。同时,叶顶喷气会引起压气机失速类型的变化。不同喷气量下的喷气规律是不同的,喷气量与喉部高度、喷气角度间存在交互作用。喷气量较小时应减小喷嘴喉部高度,在相对坐标系下沿转子叶顶前缘中弧线方向喷气;喷气量较大时应增加喉部高度,避免引起叶顶过载失速,喷气应提供正预旋来减小叶顶攻角。喷嘴应与转子叶顶前缘保持一定距离。     

Flutter analysis of an airfoil with nonlinear damping using equivalent linearization

The equivalent linearization method （ELM） is modified to investigate the nonlinear flut- ter system of an airfoil with a cubic damping. After obtaining the linearization quantity of the cubic nonlinearity by the ELM, an equivalent system can be deduced and then investigated by linear flut- ter analysis methods. Different from the routine procedures of the ELM, the frequency rather than the amplitude of limit cycle oscillation （LCO） is chosen as an active increment to produce bifurca- tion charts. Numerical examples show that this modification makes the ELM much more efficient. Meanwhile, the LCOs obtained by the ELM are in good agreement with numerical solutions. The nonlinear damping can delay the occurrence of secondary bifurcation. On the other hand, it has marginal influence on bifurcation characteristics or LCOs.     

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

Aeroelastic two-level optimization for preliminary design of wing structures considering robust constraints

An aeroelastic two-level optimization methodology for preliminary design of wing struc- tures is presented, in which the parameters for structural layout and sizes are taken as design vari- ables in the first-level optimization, and robust constraints in conjunction with conventional aeroelastic constraints are considered in the second-level optimization. A low-order panel method is used for aerodynamic analysis in the first-level optimization, and a high-order panel method is employed in the second-level optimization. It is concluded that the design of the abovementioned structural parameters of a wing can be improved using the present method with high efficiency. An improvement is seen in aeroelastic performance of the wing obtained with the present method when compared to the initial wing. Since these optimized structures are obtained after consideration of aerodynamic and structural uncertainties, they are well suited to encounter these uncertainties when they occur in reality.     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.     

Determination of thermal expansion coefficients for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites

In the present work, the coefficients of thermal expansion（CTEs） of unidirectional（UD）fiber-reinforced composites are studied. First, an attempt is made to propose a model to predict both longitudinal and transverse CTEs of UD composites by means of thermo-elastic mechanics analysis. The proposed model is supposed to be a concentric cylinder with a transversely isotropic fiber embedded in an isotropic matrix, and it is subjected to a uniform temperature change. Then a concise and explicit formula is offered for each CTE. Finally, some finite element（FE） models are created by a finite element program MSC. Patran according to different material systems and fiber volume fractions. In addition, the available experimental data and results of other analytical solutions of CTEs are presented. Comparisons are made among the results of the cylinder model,the finite element method（FEM）, experiments, and other solutions, which show that the predicted CTEs by the new model are in good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, transverse CTEs generally offer better agreements than those predicted by most of other solutions.