基于小波分析的容错组合导航系统故障检测算法研究

针对目前多数故障检测法对缓变的软故障检测不灵敏,延迟性较大,无法判断各种故障类别等问题,在分析利用小波奇异性进行故障检测原理的基础上,提出了一种基于模极大值原理的导航传感器故障检测方法。该算法利用传感器的观测量来诊断传感器是否正常工作,文中给出了利用小波奇异性进行故障检测的原理描述及利用该算法进行故障检测算法流程。该算法不仅对导航传感器软故障具有较高的检测灵敏度,而且可以通过故障点处信号的Lipschitz指数来判断故障类别,为传感器故障隔离和修复提供有效的信息,因此可以更好的保障多传感器容错组合导航系统的可靠性。计算机仿真表明所提方法是有效的,具有较高的实用性。     

六轮摇臂式月球探测车协调驱动自适应模糊容错控制

为提高复杂和未知环境中六轮摇臂式月球探测车的驱动控制系统的可靠性,防止因执行器故障引起的月球车失控,提出一种基于滑转率的协调驱动自适应模糊容错控制方法。该方法用模糊逻辑系统逼近系统的未知动态和未知的故障函数,并通过所设计的误差补偿器来减少逼近误差对跟踪精度的影响。基于Lyapunov理论,证明了所设计的容错控制方案不但能使跟踪误差收敛到原点的小邻域内,而且通过适当增大设计参数的值,可使跟踪误差减小。此外,为便于应用给出了详细的容错控制器设计步骤,并对控制器中参数的选取给出了示例。仿真结果表明该控制律具有较高的控制精度,并且对外部干扰有很强的鲁棒性。

     

基于自适应多设计融合航天器近距离操作的执行器故障补偿技术研究

针对带有执行器故障的航天器近距离操作系统，提出了基于多设计融合的自适应故障补偿方法，实现在发生执行器卡死故障情况下，对目标航天器的位置和姿态的跟踪。提出的故障补偿方法无需故障检测，针对每种可能的故障模式设计控制器组成多控制器集合，并有效地将它们融合后构建最终反馈控制器。仿真结果表明了该故障补偿策略的有效性，能够保证追踪航天器系统的稳定性和期望的跟踪性能。     

采用观测器的偏置动量小卫星姿态容错控制

针对偏置动量小卫星的自主飞行问题，提出一种基于不确定项观测器的滑模容错控制方法。应用欧拉-拉格朗日系统的干扰观测方法设计不确定项观测器，对动量轮输出力矩变小、磁力矩器线圈电阻漂移等执行器故障以及小卫星外部环境力矩等不确定项进行估计，理论推导证明该观测器的观测误差一致最终有界(UUB)。基于不确定项观测器的估计值，设计补偿控制项，并与滑模控制器的控制力矩合成实现姿态容错控制。从理论上证明该容错控制方法能够使小卫星姿态快速收敛至滑模面。该容错方法无需做小角度假设，对执行器运行状态信息依赖性低。仿真结果表明，本文建议的容错控制方法具备可行性，实现了对小卫星姿控系统中不确定项的观测估计和容错控制。     

一种新的容错蛀洞路由算法

研究了蛀洞网络的容错路由问题,提出了一种新的重新路由算法。与已知算法不同的是,该算法不需要虚拟信道,适用于任何网络拓扑结构和任意确定的路由策略,只要保证网络连通,也可适用于任意数目的故障信道。模拟结果表明,与现有方法相比,本文提出的方法在网格结构下具有更好或类似的性能。     

Minimum sliding mode error feedback control for fault tolerant small satellite attitude control

This paper proposes a new control strategy (which we call “minimum sliding mode error feedback control, MSMEFC”) for small satellite attitude control. As we know, the attitude control algorithm plays a significant role in the whole performance of the satellite, especially under the existence of uncertain disturbances from the space. Without loss of generality, the MSMEFC is presented based on the sliding mode theory. It is assumed that the equivalent control error is defined to offset the uncertain disturbances to improve the control performance. Hence, in order to estimate the optimal equivalent control error, a cost function is derived on the basis of the principle of minimum sliding mode error. Then, the equivalent control error wills feedback to the conventional sliding mode control to obtain the final MSMEFC. According to the theoretical analyzes, the sliding mode after the MSMEFC will approximate to the ideal sliding mode, resulting in enhancing the control performance. Moreover, an adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode is employed to compare with the performance of MSMEFC. Several simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of proposed MSMEFC in the presence of serious perturbations, even in some fault-tolerant scenarios.     

Fault-tolerant control with mixed aerodynamic surfaces and RCS jets for hypersonic reentry vehicles

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant strategy for hypersonic reentry vehicles with mixed aerodynamic surfaces and reaction control systems (RCS) under external disturbances and subject to actuator faults. Aerodynamic surfaces are treated as the primary actuator in normal situations, and they are driven by a continuous quadratic programming (QP) allocator to generate torque com-manded by a nonlinear adaptive feedback control law. When aerodynamic surfaces encounter faults, they may not be able to provide sufficient torque as commanded, and RCS jets are activated to augment the aerodynamic surfaces to compensate for insufficient torque. Partial loss of effective-ness and stuck faults are considered in this paper, and observers are designed to detect and identify the faults. Based on the fault identification results, an RCS control allocator using integer linear programming (ILP) techniques is designed to determine the optimal combination of activated RCS jets. By treating the RCS control allocator as a quantization element, closed-loop stability with both continuous and quantized inputs is analyzed. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于控制有效性因子的卫星姿态控制系统在轨重构容错控制

研究了在轨卫星姿态控制系统发生可修复性故障状况下的重构容错控制。首先在星敏感器对陀螺的标定模型中引入控制有效性因子，并利用二级卡尔曼滤波算法求解其值，以说明系统的控制有效程度。然后采用统计假设检验通过其幅值变化判断系统是否存在故障，当故障发生时，引入重构容错控制器对原控制器进行补偿控制。最后，建立卫星闭环姿态控制系统对算法进行了仿真验证，仿真结果表明该算法快速可靠，能够满足在轨卫星姿态控制系统故障状况下的性能要求。     

Active fault tolerant control for vertical tail damaged aircraft with dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper proposes an active fault-tolerant control strategy for an aircraft with dissim-ilar redundant actuation system (DRAS) that has suffered from vertical tail damage. A damage degree coefficient based on the effective vertical tail area is introduced to parameterize the damaged flight dynamic model. The nonlinear relationship between the damage degree coefficient and the corresponding stability derivatives is considered. Furthermore, the performance degradation of new input channel with electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is also taken into account in the dam-aged flight dynamic model. Based on the accurate damaged flight dynamic model, a composite method of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) integrating model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is proposed to reconfigure the fault-tolerant control law. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant control strategy with accurate flight dynamic model. The results also indicate that aircraft with DRAS has better fault-tolerant control ability than the traditional ones when the vertical tail suffers from serious damage.