用电子束荧光技术研究高超声速边界层中的扰动现象

利用电子束荧光技术对高超声速平板边界层中的扰动现象进行实验研究，实验在炮风洞中进行，自由流马赫数为7．8，单位长度雷诺数为3．5×107/m，测量了平均密度分布、脉动密度分布，并获得了湍流密度脉动的互相关分布和频谱分布。实验结果表明在过渡区中有序与随机现象并存。     

Constraints on Coronal Outflow Velocities Derived from UVCS Doppler Dimming Measurements and in-Situ Charge State Data

We constrain coronal outflow velocity solutions, resolved along the line-of-sight, by using Doppler dimming models of H I Lyman alpha and O VI 1032/1037 Å emissivities obtained with data from the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on SOHO. The local emissivities, from heliocentric heights of 1.5 to 3.0 solar radii, were determined from 3-D reconstructions of line-of-sight intensities obtained during the first Whole Sun Month Campaign (10 August to 8 September 1996). The models use electron densities derived from polarized brightness measurements made with the visible light coronagraphs on UVCS and LASCO, supplemented with data from Mark III at NCAR/MLSO. Electron temperature profiles are derived from 'freezing-in' temperatures obtained from an analysis of charge state data from SWICS/Ulysses. The work concentrates on neutral hydrogen outflow velocities which depend on modeling the absolute coronal H I Lyα emissivities. We use an iterative method to determine the neutral hydrogen outflow velocity with consistent values for the electron temperatures derived from a freezing-in model.     

用Ce~(3+):YVO_4晶体荧光粉与蓝光LED制造自然白光LED

本文报导了通过结合自行制备的掺铈钒酸钇晶体(Ce3 :YVO4)荧光粉与InGaN／GaN蓝光发光二极管(LED)结合而得的白光发光二极管(W-LED)。在室温、正向电压3.5V、正向电流20mA时W-LED的CIE色坐标为(0．32,0．37),接近纯白色(0．33,0．33)。     

The Solar Wind and the Sun in the Past

Exposure to the solar wind can have significant long term consequences for planetary atmospheres, especially for planets such as Mars that are not protected by global magnetospheres. Estimating the effects of solar wind exposure requires knowledge of the history of the solar wind. Much of what we know about the Sun’s past behavior is based on inferences from observations of young solar-like stars. Stellar analogs of the weak solar wind cannot be detected directly, but the interaction regions between these winds and the interstellar medium have been detected and used to estimate wind properties. I here review these observations, with emphasis on what they suggest about the history of the solar wind.     

Cyclotron features in X-ray spectra of accreting pulsars

The hard X-ray spectra of small subset of accreting pulsars show absorption-like line features in the range 10–100 keV. These lines, referred to as cyclotron lines or cyclotron resonance scattering features, are due to photons scattered out of the line of sight by electrons trapped in the 10¹² G pulsar polar cap magnetic field. In this paper we present a review of observations, from the discovery of a cyclotron line in Hercules X-1 to recent results with RXTE and INTEGRAL.     

Intrinsic parameters of massive OB stars

We present the results of our observations of stars of type O5 and earlier and show that inclusion of the line blocking between 228 and 912 A solves the problem found by Herrero et al. (1992) in the determination of their stellar parameters. We study the influence of the line blocking and other effects on the mass and helium discrepancies and show that the first one is reduced by the use of spherical, non hydrostatic model atmospheres and that the second one is probably due to exposure of CNO material.The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the RGO in the Spanish Observatorio de El Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofsica de Canarias     

An efficient regulation approach for tomographic reconstruction in combustion diagnostics based on TDLAS method

For tomographic reconstruction in combustion diagnostics, it is usually necessary to solve a rank-deficient problem, where the number of non-linear dependent equations is smaller than the number of unknowns. In some reconstructions, there are grids without rays passing through. This produces artifacts during the reconstruction. In this paper, the weight of the regulation equation is modified with the number of the rays crossing the grid cells. The effect of the neighboring grid values as well as the number of rays crossing the grid cells is considered in the new regulation method. Numerical simulation results show that the new regulation method suppresses the reconstruction error of the no rays crossing grid and successfully restrains the corner distortion in four projection angles. The effects of the weight coefficient and the smoothing factor on the reconstruction are examined through a numerical study. Finally, a combustion experiment demonstrates that the new regulation method can significantly reduce the reconstructed error, especially for the non-ray crossing condition, and the results are compared with thermocouple measurements and reconstructions without modified regulation.     

基于激光诱导荧光的高速飞行粒子低温段测温方法

针对当前高速飞行固体粒子在低温段测温困难的问题,提出了一种基于激光诱导荧光的固体测温方法来显示高速粒子飞行过程中的温度变化过程。使用掺杂罗丹明B染料的醋酸纤维粒子的600 nm荧光信号和激光的532 nm信号之比,能进一步排除激光光强波动对测温结果的干扰。对固体荧光粉末在20~80 ℃温度下的光谱学特征进行分析,研究发现:系统的荧光信号强度、温度灵敏度(80 ℃下温度系数为-0.012 5 ℃-1,20 ℃下温度系数为-0.037 9 ℃-1)、测量精度均随温度的下降显著上升,验证了该方法在低温段温度测量的应用潜力。基于该方法对高速气流下粒子撞靶的温度变化规律进行定性分析。      

不同封闭工艺对2195铝锂合金环保型阳极氧化膜耐蚀性能影响

针对轻量化航天装备的可靠性服役对2195铝锂合金提出的高耐蚀性需求,采用环保型硫酸己二酸(50 g/L硫酸和10 g/L己二酸)溶液体系在2195铝锂合金表面制备阳极氧化膜,对所得的膜层通过沸水封闭、铬酸盐封闭、镍盐封闭和铈盐封闭4种封闭工艺进行后处理,并利用扫描电子显微镜、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱等方法对膜层表面的显微形貌和耐蚀性能进行表征。结果表明:相较于未封闭的阳极氧化膜,4种封闭工艺均提高了膜层的耐蚀性能,其中镍盐封闭后对基体的钝化效果最好,铬酸盐封闭次之,沸水封闭和铈盐封闭对膜层防腐性能提升有限。对电化学阻抗谱的进一步解析表明,4种膜层阻挡层电阻Rb均在105Ω·cm2数量级,膜层耐蚀能力主要来自于被水合及沉淀物充分填充的多孔层内部,相应的电阻Rp2的数值大小依次为镍盐封闭铬酸盐封闭沸水封闭≈铈盐封闭。     

OH与CH2O双组分平面激光诱导荧光对旋流燃烧室火焰结构与脉动特征的研究

介绍了利用平面激光诱导荧光(PLIF)技术对航空发动机的旋流燃烧室模型在贫燃状态下工作特性的研究。通过对OH与CH2O双组分进行同步PLIF测量,获得了不同工况下燃烧室反应区以及预热区的瞬态结构信息。应用本征正交分解(POD)方法对OH PLIF的图像进行处理,得到了旋流火焰的主要脉动模态,并通过扩展本征正交分解(EPOD)方法计算出了相应POD模态的CH2O荧光信号分布。实验结果表明:随着燃烧室热功率的增大,火焰的整体结构、脉动模式均出现了明显的变化。在火焰高度增加的同时,轴向不稳定性逐渐增强,涡核旋进(PVC)的脉动特征相对减弱。在较大的热功率下,在燃烧室的外回流区(ERZ)出现未燃烧的燃料。