短切碳纤维增强环氧树脂形状记忆复合材料的制备与性能研究

为实现形状驱动能耗与复合材料力学性能的最佳配合，本文在热致环氧形状记忆聚合物基体中提高增韧剂新戊二醇二缩水醚（NGDE）含量来降低其玻璃化转变温度，同时添加短切碳纤维（SCF）来抵消由增韧剂引起的刚度降低负面效果。通过实验研究了不同NGDE、SCF含量对复合材料形状记忆转变温度、形状记忆性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，增加NGDE含量可将环氧聚合物基体的形状记忆转变温度从90 ℃降至43 ℃，其储能模量和弯曲模量也随之降低。在11wt%NGDE上添加SCF后，复合材料的玻璃态储能模量、橡胶态储能模量、弯曲模量最高可提高至原始试样的1.9倍、7倍和2.4倍。     

镁硫电池硫硒化合物正极材料的研究

镁硫电池是较具发展潜力的新型电池,其与锂硫电池相比具有体积能量密度高、安全性好的优点,在航空航天领域具有良好的应用前景。作为正极材料,硫理论比容量高、价格便宜,但导电性能不佳;硒导电性好,但理论比容量较低、价格较贵。制备了兼具两者优点的硫硒化合物(硫硒摩尔比分别为15∶1、1∶1、1∶15),并与微孔碳复合,发现硫硒比为1∶1的硫硒化合物/微孔碳复合正极材料SSe/C表现出最高的循环比容量,在50 mA·g~(-1)电流密度下45次循环后仍然能具有400 mAh·g~(-1)以上的比容量。因此,硫硒化合物是一种较具有潜力的镁硫电池正极材料。     

On the evidential reasoning rule for dependent evidence combination

Evidential Reasoning (ER) rule, which can combine multiple pieces of independent evidence conjunctively, is widely applied in multiple attribute decision analysis. However, the assumption of independence among evidence is often not satisfied, resulting in ER rule inapplicable. In this paper, an Evidential Reasoning rule for Dependent Evidence combination (ERr-DE) is developed. Firstly, the aggregation sequence of multiple pieces of evidence is determined according to evidence reliability. On this basis, a calculation method of evidence Relative Total Dependence Coefficient (RTDC) is proposed using the distance correlation method. Secondly, as a discounting factor, RTDC is introduced into the ER rule framework, and the ERr-DE model is formulated. The aggregation process of two pieces of dependent evidence by ERr-DE is investigated, which is then generalized to aggregate multiple pieces of non-independent evidence. Thirdly, sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the relationship between the model output and the RTDC. The properties of sensitivity coefficient are explored and mathematically proofed. The conjunctive probabilistic reasoning process of ERr-DE and the properties of sensitivity coefficient are verified by two numerical examples respectively. Finally, the practical application of the ERr-DE is validated by a case study on the performance assessment of satellite turntable system.     

超高温抗氧化碳陶复合材料研究进展

综述了国内外近年来陶瓷涂层抗氧化改性C/ C 复合材料和陶瓷基体抗氧化C/ C 复合材料研究

与应用的新进展, 主要包括1 800℃以下、1 800 ~2 200℃和2 200℃以上不同使用温度范围的抗氧化陶瓷涂层

以及SiC 陶瓷和超高温陶瓷基体改性复合材料。指出了目前高超声速飞行器2 200℃以上超高温抗氧化热防

护材料研究中存在的问题,提出了今后研究的方向。

     

反应熔渗制备Cf/C-ZrC-SiC复合材料微观结构及抗烧蚀性能

通过反应熔渗（RMI）方式，以缝合碳纤维预制体和Si-Zr合金作为反应物，制备得到C_f/C-ZrC-SiC复合材料，并利用SEM-EDS和XRD系统分析了复合材料的微观结构，可以明确SiC-ZrC陶瓷基体在材料内部分布比较均匀且致密度较高。得益于上述基体结构，C_f/C-ZrC-SiC复合材料的弯曲强度和模量分别达到323.2 MPa和46.6 GPa，表现为韧性断裂。采用氧乙炔实验进行抗烧蚀测试，在表面温度为18 00~1 900 ℃下，ZrC含量较多的C_f/C-ZrC-SiC复合材料质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率分别为1.263 mg/s和2.367 μm/s，ZrC含量较少的C_f/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料分别为2.056 mg/s和5.067 μm/s，C_f/C-ZrC-SiC复合材料表现出更加优异的抗烧蚀性能。     

缺陷检测中的标签噪声形态恢复方法及其应用

为了保证碳纤维材料产品的可靠性，消除各种可能存在的缺陷，有必要采取有效的手段对其质量进行检查。结合图像识别算法的基于X射线无损检测技术被认为是一种快速有效的解决方案。然而，加工材料的表面通常附有包含各种信息的标签，这些标签会在检测中对缺陷的识别造成干扰，甚至被误检为缺陷。主要研究基于图像特征的产品标签噪声恢复方法及其在缺陷检测中的应用，该方法可以有效地消除噪声，而不影响其余的图像信息，从而确保算法正确识别材料中的缺陷。     

大气激光雷达热控设计与验证

大气激光雷达(ACDL)的构型复杂，周围热环境恶劣，激光器的散热及光学部件的温度控制是主要难点。利用热仿真软件对激光雷达进行了典型工况的热仿真分析，得到各主要部件温度分布情况:激光器底部的温度波动<0.5 ℃;接收望远镜主镜能够控制在20 ℃，温度波动0.1 ℃/轨。同时将热平衡试验结果及在轨飞行数据进行了比对，试验结果能够较好地包络在轨情况，验证了热设计的合理性及试验测试的覆盖性。     

短碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮注塑成型进气道的性能北大核心CSCD

以含20%的短碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮树脂为主要原料,采用注塑成型的方法制备了进气道及试片。通过对材料力学性能、微观形貌、进气道CT无损检测、内型面三坐标进行分析,结果表明:按照给定的工艺参数注塑成型,复合材料的抗拉强度达208 MPa、拉伸模量16.7 GPa、冲压式剪切强度100 MPa,碳纤维在树脂基体中分布均匀,进气道本体材料内部缺陷较少,进气道内外型面光滑、尺寸精度较高。     

Analysis on the Bonding Failure Mechanism of High Modulus Carbon Fiber Composites

In order to explore the bonding failure mechanism of high modulus carbon fiber composite materials， the tensile experiment and finite element numerical simulation for single-lap and bevel-lap joints of unidirectional laminates are carried out， and the stress distributions， the failure modes， and the damage contours are analyzed. The analysis shows that the main reason for the failure of the single-lap joint is that the stress concentration of the ply adjacent to the adhesive layer is serious owing to the modulus difference， and the stress cannot be effectively transmitted along the thickness direction of the laminate. When the tensile stress of the ply exceeds its ultimate strength in the loading process， the surface fiber will fail. Compared with the single-lap joint， the bevel-lap joint optimizes the stress transfer path along the thickness direction， allows each layer of the laminate to share the load， avoids the stress concentration of the surface layer， and improves the bearing capacity of the bevel-lap joint. The improved bearing capacity of the bevel-lap joint is twice as much as that of the single-lap joint. The research in this paper provides a new idea for the subsequent study of mechanical properties of adhesively bonded composite materials.     

M50钢表面磁控溅射Ti-GLC薄膜高温摩擦学性能

为了研究高温环境下轴承钢基体上Ti掺杂类石墨碳基薄膜的实际应用，采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在M50钢表面制备Ti-GLC膜，分别在不同温度、不同线速度下与Al₂O₃陶瓷球进行摩擦磨损试验，研究其高温摩擦学性能及磨损机理。结果表明，随着温度的升高，Ti-GLC膜中的sp²键含量逐渐增大，石墨化程度加重，硬度和弹性模量逐渐降低，膜基结合力也有所降低。在室温～200℃，所制备的Ti-GLC薄膜保持优异的低摩擦与耐磨损性能，为Ti-GLC薄膜的最佳服役温度区域。在200 mm/s下，随着温度的升高，磨损形式由轻微的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损逐渐转变为严重的磨粒磨损和氧化磨损。