空间站舱内噪声仿真、验证与声源布局优化

文章开展了空间站舱内噪声仿真研究,给出了声学参数设置方法,使用FE/FEM耦合方法和SEA方法完成了空间站模拟舱建模仿真分析,设计了模拟舱噪声验证试验,提出了基于声功率等效的声源模拟技术,证明了两种方法结合可在全频段较好地预示空间站舱内噪声环境,仿真总声压级与测试结果偏差在2 d B以内。最后对空间站的声源布局进行了优化分析,结果表明集中布局更有利于降低噪声水平。     

高校局域网中ARP攻击防御策略的分析与实施

随着计算机网络和信息技术的快速发展,校园网早已覆盖了整个高校,然而网络攻击威胁信息安全并严重影响校园网的正常运行,其中来自局域网的ARP攻击因其危害大和定位难等特点日益突出.为了确保校园网安全稳定,通过研究ARP协议的工作原理及其存在的漏洞,分析ARP攻击危害和原理,结合高校局域网的实际情况和网管的实战经验,提出了采用改变用户上网习惯、静态绑定IP/MAC地址、安装ARP防火墙、PPPOE拨号计费方式、VIAN划分和交换机端口隔离这几种办法结合起来,使我校的ARP攻击取得了良好的防御效果,确保校园网的安全运行.     

粉末高温合金FGH96原始颗粒边界及高温原位高周疲劳研究

利用扫描电镜原位观察的方法研究了粉末高温合金FGH96中不同级别的原始颗粒边界(PPB)在550℃下对合金高周疲劳力学行为的影响。结果表明:采用等离子旋转电极(PREP)制粉+热等静压(HIP)工艺制备的FGH96合金中PPB主要由大尺寸γ'相和碳化物组成;不同级别的PPB对高周疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展均无显著影响,裂纹萌生于晶粒内部,裂纹扩展受晶界与应力轴角度影响,穿晶或沿晶扩展;在裂纹快速扩展区和瞬断区,PPB级别严重的FGH96合金断口呈现穿晶和沿PPB断裂的形貌。     

SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料动态再结晶行为及临界条件

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对40%SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料进行压缩实验,研究其在温度为350~500℃、应变速率为0.01~10 s~(-1)条件下的高温塑性变形行为。由实验得出变形过程中的应力-应变曲线,采用加工硬化率处理方法对应力-应变数据进行处理,结合lnθ-ε曲线的拐点和(-α(lnθ)/αε)-ε曲线最小值的判据,研究该复合材料动态再结晶临界条件。结果表明:40%SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料的应力-应变曲线主要以动态再结晶软化机制为特征,峰值应力(σ_p)随变形温度的降低或应变速率的升高而增加;该材料的lnθ-ε曲线出现拐点,(-α(lnθ)/αε)-ε曲线出现最小值;临界应变(ε_c)随变形温度的升高与应变速率的降低而减小,且临界应变与峰值应变(εp)之间具有相关性,即ε_c=0.528εp;临界应变与Zener-Hollomon参数(Z)之间的函数关系为ε_c=4.58×10~(-3)Z~(0.09)。透射电镜观察显示应变为0.06时(变形温度为400℃,应变速率为10 s~(-1))已经发生动态再结晶,应变为0.2时,动态再结晶晶粒充分长大。     

GNSS global real-time augmentation positioning: Real-time precise satellite clock estimation,prototype system construction and performance analysis

Lots of ambiguities in un-differenced (UD) model lead to lower calculation efficiency, which isn’t appropriate for the high-frequency real-time GNSS clock estimation, like 1 Hz. Mixed differenced model fusing UD pseudo-range and epoch-differenced (ED) phase observations has been introduced into real-time clock estimation. In this contribution, we extend the mixed differenced model for realizing multi-GNSS real-time clock high-frequency updating and a rigorous comparison and analysis on same conditions are performed to achieve the best real-time clock estimation performance taking the efficiency, accuracy, consistency and reliability into consideration. Based on the multi-GNSS real-time data streams provided by multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) and Wuhan University, GPS + BeiDou + Galileo global real-time augmentation positioning prototype system is designed and constructed, including real-time precise orbit determination, real-time precise clock estimation, real-time Precise Point Positioning (RT-PPP) and real-time Standard Point Positioning (RT-SPP). The statistical analysis of the 6 h-predicted real-time orbits shows that the root mean square (RMS) in radial direction is about 1–5 cm for GPS, Beidou MEO and Galileo satellites and about 10 cm for Beidou GEO and IGSO satellites. Using the mixed differenced estimation model, the prototype system can realize high-efficient real-time satellite absolute clock estimation with no constant clock-bias and can be used for high-frequency augmentation message updating (such as 1 Hz). The real-time augmentation message signal-in-space ranging error (SISRE), a comprehensive accuracy of orbit and clock and effecting the users’ actual positioning performance, is introduced to evaluate and analyze the performance of GPS + BeiDou + Galileo global real-time augmentation positioning system. The statistical analysis of real-time augmentation message SISRE is about 4–7 cm for GPS, whlile 10 cm for Beidou IGSO/MEO, Galileo and about 30 cm for BeiDou GEO satellites. The real-time positioning results prove that the GPS + BeiDou + Galileo RT-PPP comparing to GPS-only can effectively accelerate convergence time by about 60%, improve the positioning accuracy by about 30% and obtain averaged RMS 4 cm in horizontal and 6 cm in vertical; additionally RT-SPP accuracy in the prototype system can realize positioning accuracy with about averaged RMS 1 m in horizontal and 1.5–2 m in vertical, which are improved by 60% and 70% to SPP based on broadcast ephemeris, respectively.     

Theoretical investigation of shock stand-off distance for non-equilibrium flows over spheres

We derived a theoretical solution of the shock stand-off distance for a non-equilibrium flow over spheres based on Wen and Hornung’s solution and Olivier’s solution. Compared with previous approaches, the main advantage of the present approach is allowing an analytic solution without involving any semi-empirical parameter for the whole non-equilibrium flow regimes. The effects of some important physical quantities therefore can be fully revealed via the analytic solution. By combining the current solution with Ideal Dissociating Gas (IDG) model, we investigate the effects of free stream kinetic energy and free stream dissociation level (which can be very different between different facilities) on the shock stand-off distance.     

Longitudinal variations of geomagnetic and ionospheric parameters in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms according to multi-instrument observations

We present a joint analysis of longitude-temporal variations of ionospheric and geomagnetic parameters at middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere during the two severe magnetic storms in March and June 2015 by using data from the chains of magnetometers, ionosondes and GPS/GLONASS receivers. We identify the fixed longitudinal zones where the variability of the magnetic field is consistently high or low under quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions. The revealed longitudinal structure of the geomagnetic field variability in quiet geomagnetic conditions is caused by the discrepancy of the geographic and magnetic poles and by the spatial anomalies of different scales in the main magnetic field of the Earth. Variations of ionospheric parameters are shown to exhibit a pronounced longitudinal inhomogeneity with changing geomagnetic conditions. This inhomogeneity is associated with the longitudinal features of background and disturbed structure of the geomagnetic field. During the recovery phase of a storm, important role in dynamics of the mid-latitude ionosphere may belong to wave-like thermospheric disturbances of molecular gas, propagating westward for several days. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the time interval for studying the ionospheric effects of strong magnetic storms by a few days after the end of the magnetospheric source influence, while the disturbed regions in the thermosphere continues moving westward and causes the electron density decrease along the trajectories of propagation.     

基于DSP的无刷直流电动机控制系统设计

介绍了无刷直流电动机的控制原理,给出了系统设计的整体方案,并详述了硬件电路和软件程序设计。系统的测试结果表明,基于DSP的无刷直流电动机控制系统,可以实现对电动机的全数字化双闭环控制。     

TC4/TA16异种金属焊接接头的断裂机理研究

为了探明TC4/TA16异种钛合金氩弧焊接头的断裂机理,对焊接接头进行了力学测试,同时对不同部位进行了显微组织观察、硬度试验及断裂韧性测试,最后对断口形貌进行了显微观察。结果表明：TC4/TA16异种焊接接头拉伸屈服强度接近TA16母材,抗拉强度和延伸率均低于两母材。断裂模式为塑性断裂,拉伸薄弱环节位于TA16侧热影响区,该区硬度低,晶粒尺寸大。由于热输入不均匀造成焊接接头不同区域不同的组织结构。TC4热影响区为网篮组织。TA16侧热影响区由于导热慢,长时间处于过热区,使晶粒长大,在外力作用下产生畸变。裂纹的扩展途径曲折,需要吸收较大的能力才能扩展,断裂韧性高,断裂韧性断口出现典型深而大的韧窝形貌,为塑性断裂。TC4侧热影响区的断裂韧性差,为缺口断裂的薄弱环节。为了避免破坏,要求在焊接过程中应该合理控制焊接温度和冷却速率,减低缺陷。     

民用飞机地面支援设备/工具清单编制方法研究

民用飞机地面支援设备/工具清单的编制是一项极其重要而又繁杂的工作。研究清单的编制原则、设备/工具的确定方法、清单的主要内容以及清单编制工作流程,可为地面支援设备/工具清单的编制工作提供参考。