卫星表面材料物性与电荷积累

卫星表面在地磁亚暴环境下积累电荷的现象是必然的。由于表面间物性的差别,这种积累将是不均衡的,然而一旦建立了电势差,那末表面与表面,表面与构架间就会存在电荷交换,使电势差逐渐趋于减小。文章试图通过物理模型的建立,由此推导出面间电势差变化与表面电势值及表面的电导、电容的关系,从而建立一种明确的数学模型,以利卫星表面充电状态的分析。     

机械镀锌锡铝合金工艺研究

研究了机械镀锌锡铝合金工艺及性能。结果表明;机械镀锌合金的抗性优于电镀锌层,镀层与基体结合力良好,镀覆工艺不会使基材产生氢脆。     

激光辅助车削工艺参数对单晶硅表面质量的影响

为了提高单晶硅激光辅助车削加工表面质量,通过开展激光辅助和常规车削加工试验,结合表面粗糙度、表面形貌及拉曼光谱检测,研究激光辅助车削技术对加工质量的影响。基于正交试验方法,研究单晶硅激光辅助车削工艺参数对表面粗糙度的影响;通过方差分析和极差分析评估各因素对表面粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明：与常规车削相比,激光辅助车削可有效提高加工表面质量,降低材料表面的残余应力。主轴转速、进给速度、切削深度和脉冲占空比对表面粗糙度的贡献率分别为17.51%、44.48%、6.69%和14.70%。确定最佳加工参数组合如下：主轴速度为4 000 r/min,进给速度为2 mm/min,切削深度为5μm,脉冲占空比为30%,最终获得表面粗糙度Rq为2.4 nm的高质量表面。     

氯化钾镀锌大规模生产故障分析

本文对氯化钾镀锌在大规模生产中存在的故障进行系统的研究和分析，发现镀锌层的主要故障有发花、发雾、碰伤、掉膜、淋漆等。选择好的光亮添加剂、加强镀锌后清洗，改进下挂方式、调整浸漆工艺等，并加强管理是有效提高产品一次性合格率的主要措施。     

热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响

研究了热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响.发现经过200～300℃1*#h热处理,镀层硬度明显提高,耐磨性得到改善,但硬度和耐磨性的最优点对应不同的热处理温度.对镀层XPS分析表明,热处理过的镀层中有有机碳化物析出.对镀层的EDAX分析表明,热处理使镀层表面氧含量增高,但对镀层微裂纹数量和宽度没有明显影响.对镀层的XRD实验结果表明,热处理后镀层的晶体结构未发生改变.     

微粒子喷丸技术研究进展

微粒子喷丸因其采用的弹丸介质尺寸小,具有强化基体表面并降低表面粗糙度的优点,已成为航空、能源动力等领域中一项重要的表面强化技术。目前对于该技术的研究仍处于对其强化机理的试验论证阶段,还未有完整的理论体系。对微粒子喷丸技术的原理和特点进行了综述,讨论了微粒子喷丸的强化机制,阐述了目前微粒子喷丸技术的研究现状及在各类材料中的应用,并指出了该技术的应用前景。研究各类参数对喷丸效果的影响将是微粒子喷丸发展的主要方向。     

Performance analysis and application on Ti-6Al-4V of micro-forging system

Micro-forging (MF) is a novel surface modification technology which is capable of smoothening and strengthening the workpiece surface simultaneously. Based on analysis of the mechanism and energy conversion of micro-forging process, an electromagnetically driven micro-forging system is developed. To further grasp the kinetic characteristic of the equipment, a simulation model is established and its accuracy is verified. With the help of simulation and experimental results, we propose an input voltage optimization method, which drives the micro-forging head moving in a uniform and stable way. In this study, the influence of MF on surface integrity of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) is firstly reported. Experimental results show that MF treatment reduces surface roughness (R_a) and increases micro-hardness by 48% and 11.8% at most, respectively. Besides, a compressive stress layer with an amplitude of −1000 MPa and a depth of 0.8 mm is observed. This study analyzes the performance and reveals the potential of micro-forging technology, which lays a solid foundation for expanding its application in TC4 surface modification.     

Grinding force and surface quality in creep feed profile grinding of turbine blade root of nickel-based superalloy with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels

Creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms of single crystal nickel-based superalloy was conducted using microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels in the present study. The grinding force and the surface quality in terms of surface topography, subsurface microstructure, microhardness and residual stress obtained under different grinding conditions were evaluated comparatively. Experimental results indicated that the grinding force was influenced significantly by the competing predominance between the grinding parameters and the cross-sectional root workpiece profile. In addition, the root workpiece surface, including the root peak and valley regions, was produced with the large difference in surface quality due to the nonuniform grinding loads along the root workpiece profile in normal section. Detailed results showed that the surface roughness, subsurface plastic deformation and work hardening level of the root valley region were higher by up to 25%, 20% and 7% in average than those obtained in the root peak region, respectively, in the current investigation. Finally, the superior parameters were recommended in the creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms. This study is helpful to provide industry guidance to optimize the machining process for the high-valued parts with complicated profiles.     

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

低轨道航天器的表面充电模拟

为研究航天器表面材料在空间环境中的充电现象, 利用SPIS (Spacecraft Plasma Interaction System)模拟了航天器在低轨道等离子体环境中的表面充电情况, 通过对模拟结果进行分析并与实际观测进行比较, 可以看出模拟结果基本能够反映出不同性质材料之间的充电差别, 特别是导电材料与非导电材料之间的充电差别. 模拟得到的充电电位及充电时间与充电的一般理论计算结果符合较好, 且能够清晰反映出航天器运动中产生的冲击流及尾流的结构特征. 根据SPIS低轨道航天器表面充电模拟的特点, 认为SPIS的模拟结果是合理的.