某电源管理仿真测试环境软件的设计与实现

介绍了某电源管理的仿真测试环境软件的设计与实现,仿真测试环境硬件采用工业控制计算机,软件采用图形化语言LABVIEW来实现。仿真测试环境为电源管理提供完整的虚拟的运行环境。在仿真测试环境中用运行图实时地显示电源管理的运行状态,且能动态的设置仿真测试环境的状态,改变电源管理的运行环境。本仿真测试环境具有良好的人机交互界面,能够实时地与电源管理进行交互。     

两方程湍流模型的可压缩性修正及其应用

本文在不可压两方程湍流模型的基础上进行可压缩性修正,给出了ｋ－ε、ｋ－ε两方程模型的可压缩性修正方程,并对亚声平板湍流流动和跨声喷管流动进行了数值模拟,得到了较好的结果。从而证实了两方程湍流模型经过可压缩性修正,能较好地模拟可压缩流动。     

基于曲率的指尖检测方法

指尖检测是基于视觉的徒手人机交互系统的关键环节,由于背景的复杂性和系统的实时性要求,导致指尖的精确定位在处理速度和准确性方面存在很大问题。本文针对这一问题,提出了一种简单高效的基于曲率的指尖检测方法。该方法首先将输入视频流基于肤色空间进行二值化,并将二值化后的视频序列作为输入数据;然后采用边缘检测算法提取出肤色区域的边缘(肤色区域的轮廓),在肤色区域的轮廓上根据曲率来对类指尖的点进行检测,并且根据类指尖点的位置关系来判定一个肤色区域是不是手;最后通过过滤算法过滤掉误判手臂点。实验结果表明,该方法在不同的应用背景下都具有很好的检测效果,对光照的鲁棒性也较高,并且能够达到实时检测的效果。     

变循环调节机构发展现状及关键技术

变循环发动机可通过改变热力循环特性,实现更宽的工作范围和满足更多的战斗任务需求;调节机构是实现模式切换的执行机构,其设计技术发展伴随发动机整个研制历程。以变循环发动机跨代发展为主线,聚焦调节机构目标功能及结构方案演变,系统梳理了调节机构的发展历程、功能分类及设计要求。调节机构构型设计以低泄漏量、高调节精度、快速响应和可靠安装为总体要求,需进一步考虑未来发动机高热力负荷与紧凑布局引入的挑战与约束;在仿真分析方面,流固耦合分析应侧重解决几何特征复杂、结构柔性、空间跨度大、瞬态特征显著导致的网格畸变、收敛性降低问题,动力学仿真分析需重点聚焦关键件柔性变形、装配间隙、尺寸公差、传动摩擦等因素对机构卡滞、调节精度的影响;在试验验证方面,需进一步突破瞬态调节过程中温度、机械负载试验室模拟技术,加强试验室模拟验证能力,实现调节机构故障定位、误差归因。该研究对变循环调节机构设计、研制及相关理论、方法、技术发展具有一定指导意义。     

A self-similar solution of a curved shock wave and its time-dependent force variation for a starting flat plate airfoil in supersonic flow

The problem of aeroelasticity and maneuvering of command surface and gust wing interaction involves a starting flow period which can be seen as the flow of an airfoil attaining suddenly an angle of attack. In the linear or nonlinear case, compressive Mach or shock waves are generated on the windward side and expansive Mach or rarefaction waves are generated on the leeward side. On each side, these waves are composed of an oblique steady state wave, a vertically-moving one-dimensional unsteady wave, and a secondary wave resulting from the interaction between the steady and unsteady ones. An analytical solution in the secondary wave has been obtained by Heaslet and Lomax in the linear case, and this linear solution has been borrowed to give an approximate solution by Bai and Wu for the nonlinear case. The structure of the secondary shock wave and the appearance of various force stages are two issues not yet considered in previous studies and has been studied in the present paper. A self-similar solution is obtained for the secondary shock wave, and the reason to have an initial force plateau as observed numerically is identified. Moreover, six theoretical characteristic time scales for pressure load variation are determined which explain the slope changes of the time-dependent force curve.     

临近空间动能拦截器神经反演姿态控制器设计

为满足临近空间动能拦截器姿态控制快速性、准确性和鲁棒性的要求,设计了一种自适应神经反演姿态控制器。首先,建立了姿控发动机侧喷干扰模型,并推导了包含质心漂移、参数摄动和外界干扰的三通道强耦合模型;其次,设计了自适应神经反演姿态控制器,为提高控制精度,采用径向基函数（RBF）神经网络对各个通道的不确定项进行估计和补偿,并基于最小学习参数的思想,将神经网络学习参数拟合为一个参数,提高了RBF计算效率,保证了估计的实时性。最后,采用伪速率（PSR）脉冲调制器将设计的连续控制律转化为脉冲控制律,实现了拦截器的变推力控制,并克服了脉冲脉宽调制（PWPF）调制器相位滞后问题。数字仿真表明,所设计的控制器收敛速度快,控制精度高,对强扰动具有鲁棒性。     

二维喷管的初始流动

基于可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,采用大涡模拟方法与高精度混合WENO/TCD格式,对Ma=1.4的超声速平面射流初始流场进行了数值研究.数值结果清晰地描述了超声速平面射流初始流场的结构特征,包括主涡环与激波结构以及它们演变过程.因主涡环内存在涡导激波对,激波与涡相互作用加速射流剪切层失稳,使剪切层首次卷起形成小涡的位置出现在涡导激波对后,此与亚声速射流情况不同.小涡串卷起成后,相继与涡导激波对相互作用,使激波出现明显的变形并加速主涡环失稳.      

A swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps

In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.     

悬停状态倾转旋翼/机翼干扰流场及气动力的CFD计算

基于一套高效通用的多层运动嵌套网格技术,建立了适合悬停状态倾转旋翼机旋翼/机翼气动干扰特性分析的高效混合计算流体力学（CFD）方法。在倾转旋翼/机翼贴体网格区采用可压雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方程作为主控方程,过渡/背景网格区选用Euler方程,湍流模型选用Spalart-Allmaras模型。时间推进上采用双时间推进格式进行非定常求解,并在方法中运用了SPMD（Single Program Multiple Data）模式的并行加速技术。在此基础上,首先分别采用UH-60A直升机旋翼及XV-15倾转旋翼机旋翼作为数值算例,验证了CFD方法的有效性。然后着重对倾转旋翼/机翼的非定常干扰流场及气动力分布特征进行了数值研究,模拟得到与实际情况相符的“喷泉效应”干扰现象。计算结果表明,干扰作用使得倾转旋翼相对于孤立旋翼拉力数值减小了3%,但总的拉力系数损失达到了17%,证明悬停状态下气动干扰对飞行器气动性能有重要影响。     

基于CFD/CSD方法的蜻蜓柔性翼气动特性分析

给出了一种基于计算流体力学/计算结构力学（CFD/CSD）的双向流固耦合方法.通过交替数字二叉树（ADT）搜索技术识别流固网格之间的宿主-受体关系.采用局部插值算法完成两套网格系统之间的数据交换,并使用Delaunay图映射方法来完成气动网格的移动.将自编的非线性结构有限元程序、接口程序与南京航空航天大学（NUAA）微型飞行器中心的流体计算程序3D2MUFS相连接,应用于蜻蜓柔性翼拍动飞行的气动计算中.计算结果表明:柔性变形使得蜻蜓翼的时均举力系数从0.31提高到0.53,时均推力系数从0.07提高到0.13,证实了柔性变形能改善扑翼的气动性能.