New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Families of halo orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices

Solar sail halo orbits designed in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) provide inefficient reference orbits for station-keeping since the disturbance due to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit has to be compensated for. This paper presents a strategy to compute families of halo orbits around the collinear artificial equilibrium points in the Sun-Earth elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices (RCDs). In this non-autonomous model, periodic halo orbits only exist when their periods are equal to integer multiples of one year. Here multi-revolution halo orbits with periods equal to integer multiples of one year are constructed in the CR3BP and then used as seeds to numerically continue the halo orbits in the ER3BP. The linear stability of the orbits is analyzed which shows that the in-plane motion is unstable while the out-of-plane motion is neutrally stable and a bifurcation is identified. Finally, station-keeping is performed which shows that a reference orbit designed in the ER3BP is significantly more efficient than that designed in the CR3BP, while the addition of RCDs improve station-keeping performance and robustness to uncertainty in the sail lightness number.     

RP-3航空煤油模拟替代燃料燃烧特性的实验

在定容弹中实验测试了初始压力分别为0.1、0.3 MPa、初始温度分别为390、400、420 K、当量比范围为0.8～1.5时RP-3航空煤油模拟替代燃料的层流燃烧特性,并对比分析了模拟替代燃料与RP-3航空煤油的层流燃烧速率。结果表明,模拟替代燃料层流燃烧火焰的马克斯坦长度随初始压力或当量比的降低逐渐增大,表明火焰稳定性逐步增强；初始温度对火焰稳定性的影响不明显；随初始温度的升高或初始压力的降低,模拟替代燃料的层流燃烧速率逐渐升高；随着当量比的逐渐增大,模拟替代燃料的层流燃烧速率先增大后降低,在当量比为1.2时达到最大；在相同工况下,模拟替代燃料与RP-3航空煤油的层流燃烧速率吻合较好。      

外翼上壁板根部连接形式对飞机承载能力的影响研究

在飞机结构设计中,外翼上壁板根部连接处结构形式对飞机的传力、变形、承载能力具有重要影响.通过对3种不同形式的上壁板根部连接方案进行压缩试验,研究各方案的承载能力、破坏方式.通过三维有限元方法,计算了连接部位的主要螺钉所分配的载荷,研究了长桁根部斜角对结构屈服载荷的影响,得到了最优的选型方案.     

大型上单翼飞机机翼三维全场变形测量方案

针对大型上单翼飞机在飞行过程中机翼大挠度变形检测难题,提出了大倾角相机视场下机翼的非接触三维全场变形测量方案。根据上单翼飞机结构特点,将预先标定内参数和相机外参数的共轭相机组安装于飞机垂直尾翼上,采集飞行中的机翼变形图像。首先,提出了大倾角弱相关散斑匹配方法,解决了相机在大倾斜角度状态下采集到的机翼变形弱相关图像相关性差,难以相关匹配的问题。其次,由于测量相机安装于垂直尾翼,飞行测量过程中相机会受到气流扰动产生振动,本文提出了一种相机动态校正方法,通过在机背布置预拉伸刚性不动编码标志点,实时解算基准相机的绝对外参数,进而确定共轭相机的绝对外参数,实现所有测量相机外参数的动态校正。最后,开发了机翼变形全场测量软硬件系统,搭建了缩小比例机翼模型试验台并进行了仿真测量,对系统测量精度进行了比对分析。测量结果验证了本方案的有效性、可行性,对实机测量有一定的指导意义。     

浅析大飞机数字化设计与制造技术

大飞机工程是一个国家具有战略性的高技术产业链,而数字化技术在大飞机设计制造过程中的应用有效推进了大飞机的设计制造进程.论述了大飞机数字化技术的几个典型特征,并从设计制造的9个方面浅析了数字化技术在大飞机设计制造中的应用,涵盖了大飞机设计制造的大多数领域.展望未来数字化技术将会越来越深入地融入到大飞机设计与制造的每个角落.     

基于可变滑动窗口与3σ准则的脉冲星信号去噪算法

针对地面接收射电观测脉冲星信号较弱、信噪比较低的问题,提出了基于可变滑动窗口与两层3σ准则的信号去噪算法。该算法引入可变滑动窗口,对信号进行分步连续处理,同时在筛选噪声时使用两层3σ准则算法,解决了噪声遗漏及过度去噪问题。为证明算法可靠性与实用性,利用佳木斯66 m观测站实测数据进行算法验证,针对J1939+2134与J1744—1134脉冲星的实测数据进行分析处理。结果表明,该算法能够对脉冲星数据进行有效去噪,普遍提高信噪比约10dB。     

硅氮烷环体的催化聚合及热解制备Si3 N4 材料

采用甲基氢二氯硅烷的氨解产物硅氮烷环体(MHSZ)为原料,以四丁基氟化铵为催化剂,制备了高分子量的硅氮烷聚合物(PHSZ),结合红外、核磁、凝胶色谱仪和热重分析了反应时间对合成的PHSZ结构、组成、分子量和陶瓷产率的影响。考察了低温氨气,高温N2气氛处理工艺对热解产物结构和组成的影响。结果表明,随着反应时间的延长,PHSZ高聚物的分子量提高,热失重降低;采用该热解方式PHSZ可转化为含碳量仅为0.5wt%的Si3N4材料,热解样品在1 600℃时完全结晶,晶相主要是α-Si3N4。     

双脉冲发动机点火过程三维数值模拟

以喷射棒式双脉冲发动机燃烧室、级间隔离装置和喷管一体化为研究对象,采用数值仿真技术对Ⅱ脉冲点火过程三维流场特性进行分析研究。计算结果表明,点火初期燃气压力波峰超前于火焰峰到达级间隔离装置,并以压强冲击波形式传播,Ⅱ脉冲燃烧室相对高压区位置不断发生改变;级间孔打开过程对药柱末端压强影响较大,但对Ⅱ脉冲燃烧室压强整体上升过程影响较小;级间孔打开后,燃气经级间孔加速后形成高度欠膨胀射流,并在Ⅰ脉冲燃烧室内形成非对称带状低压区;级间孔分布的非对称性,导致压强及温度在发动机燃烧室中呈现显著的三维分布特性;高温区出现在隔板附近,而在装药前端、装药末端及外围级间孔轴线附近出现低温区。     

Global ionospheric scintillations revealed by GPS radio occultation data with FY3C satellite before midnight during the March 2015 storm

Global observations of S4 amplitude scintillation index by the GPS Occultation Sounder (GNOS) on FengYun-3 C (FY3C) satellite reveal global dynamic patterns of a strong pre-midnight scintillations in F-region of the ionosphere during the St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic super storm of 17–19 March 2015. The observed strong scintillations mainly occurred in the low latitudes, caused by equatorial plasma bubbles. During the main storm phase (March 17), the scintillations were first triggered in the New Zealand sector near 160°E longitudes, extending beyond 40°S dip latitude. They were also enhanced in the Indian sector, but significantly suppressed in East Asia near 120°E longitude and in Africa around 30°E longitude. During the initial recovery phase (March 18–19), the global scintillations were seldom observed in GNOS data. During the later recovery phase (after March 19), the scintillations recovered to the pre-storm level in Indian, African, and American sectors, but not in East Asian and any of Pacific sectors. These results closely correlate with observations of the density depletion structures by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite, and ground-based instruments. Such consistency indicates reliability of our scintillation sensing approach even in a case-by-case comparison study. The prompt penetration electric field and disturbance dynamo electric field are suggested as the main factors that control the enhancement and inhibition of the scintillations during the storm, respectively.