Hybrid optimization for multiple-impulse reconfiguration trajectories of satellite formation flying

A hybrid optimization method is developed for fuel-optimal reconfigurations of a group of satellites flying in formation. The genetic algorithm performs a global search to find two-impulse trajectories, and primer vector analysis finds multiple-impulsive local optimal trajectories with the two-impulse trajectories as initial guesses. Hybrid optimization finds globally optimal trajectories for formation reconfigurations, including formation resizing, reassignment and reorientation maneuvers. Multiple-impulse trajectories reduce the fuel consumption from the two-impulse trajectories by up to 4.4% for those maneuvers. In real missions, satellites can follow two-impulse trajectories to gain the advantage of a smaller number of impulses, with the cost of slightly more propellant. The qualitative characteristics of the optimal trajectories are analyzed from the number of optimal trajectories found by hybrid optimization.     

刚性环加强的圆柱壳体的强度分析

给出一端固定,一端自由,自由端有刚性环加强的圆柱壳体的内力和位移的计算公式,以及最大应力的计算公式.对所得公式简化处理,用简单的无矩理论的解来表示复杂的有矩理论的解,使之便于工程计算.本文采用工程壳体理论,对于薄壳,文中给出的解具有足够的精确度.     

无人机空中加油自主会合制导律研究

典型的自主会合制导律主要包括基于在线估计的制导律和无需在线估计的制导律两大类,其中在线估计具有计算量大,实现复杂的缺点。提出了一种无需在线估计的制导律,在此基础上,文章进行了改善,一是借鉴导弹中的带落角约束的比例导引律,实现了一种同时满足航向和纵向自主会合要求的制导律形式,简化了制导律设计;二是引入了相对距离反馈与速度反馈进行相对距离控制,避免了速度控制指令设计的复杂化和开环控制鲁棒性差的缺点。最后,通过一个仿真例子证明了这种制导律方案原理可行,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

机床实体模型复模态空间动位移显示技术的研究

介绍了用实体模型在复模态空间显示机床整机动位移的原理和方法。并在VC++6.0开发平台上用OpenGL语言开发了相应软件。解决了以往同类软件动画效果不能真实地表现实际机床整机的动态位移情况的难题。     

基于最小约束系统的分布式协作定位研究

5G移动通信系统中,设备到设备的通信方式产生了节点间的信号测量,可用于提升无线定位的覆盖范围和定位精度。提出了一种基于最小约束系统的分布式协作定位方法,该方法首先利用已有算法估计节点参考位置,并据此构建最小约束确定网络的位置及朝向,然后在该约束下极大化由节点间测量引出的似然函数,获得位置估计。理论研究表明,该方法将由节点间测量确定的相对位置拟合到参考位置处,在参考位置等于真实位置时达到最优效果。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效提高定位精度,并具有分布式和可扩展等优点。     

Relative equilibria in quasi-homogeneous planar three body problems

In this paper we find the families of relative equilibria for the three body problem in the plane, when the interaction between the bodies is given by a quasi-homogeneous potential. The number of the relative equilibria depends on the values of the masses and on the size of the system, measured by the moment of inertia.     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

无人飞行器集群仅测距初始相对位姿确定方法研究CSCD

针对全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)拒止环境下无人飞行器集群成员间的相对定位问题,研究了一种基于机载惯性测量单元(IMU)、气压高度计与数据链测距组合的初始相对位姿求解算法。首先,在高度计稳定输出较为精确的高度信息的前提下,将飞行器的三维运动解耦成二维水平运动,给出了三维加速度和角速度、测距信息的水平坐标系投影等效模型。在此基础上,以待求量相对位置和航向角的非线性形式构造了新的待求状态量,并将相对位置和航向角的非线性求解问题转化成了新状态量的线性模型最小二乘求解问题。然后,通过引入递推最小二乘算法(RLS),建立了该相对位姿求解算法的实时输出递推形式,有效降低了机载在线计算的负载。接着,对所提算法进行了可观测性分析,并给出了使系统状态量不可观测的几种相对运动形式。最后,对所提算法进行了数值仿真实验,仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效、快速求解初始相对位姿,位置误差在初始相对距离的10%以内,航向角误差在初始相对角度的1%以内。     

复合材料薄壁梁扭转的高次翘曲理论

利用翘曲连续修正概念导出表示剖面翘曲位移的形函数序列,据此建立单闭室复合材料薄壁梁扭转分析的高次翘曲理论,并结合分层的具体情况,考察分层对复合材料薄壁梁扭转翘曲的影响。算例表明,该高次翘曲理论具有很好的收敛性。     

超精密加工中研抛分布力测量方法的探讨

在研磨盘的不同位置打深盲孔,近于贯穿,仅留下薄薄一圆形平膜片,作为抛光法向压力的敏感元件。此圆平膜片半径,厚度由位移敏感元件灵敏度及抛光所容许的外扰（对实际工作状态影响足够小）决定。在此孔中安置光纤位移传感器测量圆平膜片的变形位移,就可解算出抛光时研磨盘的局部压力。信号调制后通过多路遥测装置或电刷滑环等集流器将信号引出。