绳系网捕系统的定位与测姿方法研究

基于双目视觉原理,建立了空间目标的三维坐标计算模型,利用安装在捕获端的摄像头对主星进行观测,建立了捕获端定姿方法.仿真算例验证了所提方法能够以较高的测量精度实现定位和测姿,可以满足绳系卫星捕获端的姿态确定精度需求.     

室内混合智能定位系统仿真平台框架研究

针对室内场景中实验环境搭建困难、鉴定评估样本少、实际系统与仿真系统需相互检验等问题，在介绍室内混合智能定位系统的基础上，研究了利用仿真技术搭建虚拟仿真实验环境。构建了室内混合智能定位系统仿真平台的体系结构和层次结构，论述了仿真平台涉及的理论模型及算法，并介绍了构建仿真平台的相关关键技术。研究结果能为用户提供一个具备环境建模、信号模拟、调度控制、可视化显示、数据存储、系统间交互等要素的室内混合智能定位仿真平台框架，为后续平台集成测试提供指导。     

Orbit determination for the GOCE satellite

Precise Orbit Determination (POD) for the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE), the first core explorer mission by the European Space Agency (ESA), forms an integrated part of the so-called High-Level Processing Facility (HPF). Two POD chains have been set up referred to as quick-look Rapid and Precise Science Orbit determination or RSO and PSO, respectively. These chains make use of different software systems and have latencies of 1 day and 2 weeks, respectively, after tracking data availability. The RSO and PSO solutions have to meet a 3-dimensional (3D) position precision requirement of 50 cm and a few cm, respectively. The tracking data will be collected by the new Lagrange GPS receiver and the predicted characteristics of this receiver have been taken into account during the implementation phase of the two chains.     

多站混合定位系统的平面误差分析

基于应答方式的多站机场航管定位系统可同时采用时差和距离测量技术,应用最小二乘法和误差估计理论,对按圆周均等布站的四站、五站和六站定位系统所做的相对测量误差分析表明,利用二次监视雷达所给出的测距信息,并通过有限增加冗余测站,将能有效的提高多站定位系统的平面定位精度。     

运载火箭纵缝焊接系统定位压紧机构的研制

根据新一代运载火箭纵缝焊接系统的技术要求,研制了一套专用定位压紧机构。针对其定位精度和加工要求,采用工件在定位模胎上固定,由琴键压紧机构压紧的方案,并应用ANSYS对其关键零部件进行了有限元分析,从而为运载火箭纵缝焊接系统的研制成功奠定了基础。     

应用灰度特征的行星陨石坑自主检测方法与着陆导航研究

针对陨石坑阴影不明显的行星着陆导航图像,提出了基于图像灰度值特征的陨石坑自主检测方法,通过兴趣区快速确定陨石坑边缘分布,解决了一般陨石坑检测方法对图像太阳高度角的依赖问题。利用检测出的陨石坑视线信息,采用非线性预测滤波方法估计着陆器着陆阶段的位置和姿态;鉴于视觉着陆导航对照了场景状况的高度依赖性,提出了一种利用分形理论和相邻点分级方法的天体随机地景建模方法。最后验证了所提方法的有效性。     

星载激光高度计几何定位误差传播分析

星载激光高度计能够获取高精度的地面高程信息,可作为卫星光学遥感影像三维测图的补充。星载激光高度计的高程测量精度很高,但是平面精度较低。为了能够更有效的利用星载激光测高数据,需要研究星载激光高度计几何定位的误差源及其对定位精度的影响。文章从星载激光高度计几何定位模型出发,推导了星载激光高度计定位误差传播模型,得到影响星载激光高度计测高数据定位精度的主要误差源,并分析了各误差源对定位精度的影响,可以为星载激光高度计的设计和应用提供一定参考。     

一阶扩展差分方法在测站GPS时间误差修正中的应用

分析了全球定位系统（简称GPS）时间测量原理、时间测定误差和差分误差消除模型,给出了在航天测控站两套GPS授时系统应用一阶差分方法,即站间单差定位方法,减小误差,提高时间准确度的思路方法,并提出了多站站间单差定位的一阶扩展差分模型。该模型可以用来获取测站多套GPS授时系统的精确时间和任意2个系统时钟同步误差比对。     

DPOD2014: A new DORIS extension of ITRF2014 for precise orbit determination

To support precise orbit determination of the altimetry missions, the International DORIS Service (IDS) regularly estimates the DPOD (DORIS terrestrial reference frame for Precise Orbit Determination) solution which includes mean positions and velocities of all the DORIS stations. This solution is aligned to the current realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) and so, can be seen as a DORIS extension of the ITRF. In 2016, moving to the IDS Combination Center, the DPOD construction scheme changed. The new DPOD solution is produced from a DORIS cumulative position and velocity solution. We present the new methodology used to compute DPOD2014 and its validation procedure. In order to present geophysical applications and interpretations of these results, we show two examples: (1) the Gorkha earthquake (M7.8 – April 2015) generates a 3-D mis-positioning of nearly 55?mm of the EVEB DORIS station at the Everest base camp 90?km from the epicenter. (2) Applying the results the DPOD2014 realization, we show that the most recent vertical velocity of Thule, Greenland is similar to that observed between 2006 and 2010, indicating further ongoing ice mass loss in the Thule region of northwest Greenland.     

LEO enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System (LeGNSS) for real-time precise positioning services

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been widely used in many geosciences areas with its Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) service. However, GNSS still has its own bottleneck, such as the long initialization period of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) without dense reference network. Recently, the concept of PNTRC (Positioning, Navigation, Timing, Remote sensing and Communication) has been put forward, where Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are recruited to fulfill diverse missions. In navigation aspect, a number of selected LEO satellites can be equipped with a transmitter to transmit similar navigation signals to ground users, so that they can serve as GNSS satellites but with much faster geometric change to enhance GNSS capability, which is named as LEO constellation enhanced GNSS (LeGNSS). As a result, the initialization time of PPP is expected to be shortened to the level of a few minutes or even seconds depending on the number of the LEO satellites involved. In this article, we simulate all the relevant data from June 8th to 14th, 2014 and investigate the feasibility of LeGNSS with the concentration on the key issues in the whole data processing for providing real-time PPP service based on a system configuration with fourteen satellites of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), twenty-four satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS), and sixty-six satellites of the Iridium satellite constellations. At the server-end, Precise Orbit Determination (POD) and Precise Clock Estimation (PCE) with various operational modes are investigated using simulated observations. It is found out that GNSS POD with partial LEO satellites is the most practical mode of LeGNSS operation. At the user-end, the Geometry Dilution Of Precision (GDOP) and Signal-In-Space Ranging Error (SISRE) are calculated and assessed for different positioning schemes in order to demonstrate the performance of LeGNSS. Centimeter level SISRE can be achieved for LeGNSS.