Fault self-repair strategy based on evolvable hardware and reparation balance technology

In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

超声速低声爆布局分层优化方法

声爆抑制是发展新一代超声速民机必须突破的关键技术。总体布局参数的合理设计可以使飞行器具有良好的声爆特性。为了提高全局进化算法在布局设计中的优化效率,提出一种基于数据挖掘的分层优化方法,利用数据挖掘中的决策树算法提取设计知识,获得设计变量分层信息,指导低声爆布局分层优化;针对某超声速低声爆飞行器,选取后掠角、上反角、展弦比、梢根比、长细比五个总体布局参数作为设计变量,开展分层优化数值实验,并与一体化优化形成对比验证。结果表明：分层优化方法能够搜索到与一体化优化高度吻合的最优解,分层优化的收敛速度显著高于一体化优化,且对随机寻优历程的表现更稳健。     

Neural network-based fault diagnosis for spacecraft with single-gimbal control moment gyros

This paper proposes a neural network-based fault diagnosis scheme to address the problem of fault isolation and estimation for the Single-Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes(SGCMGs) of spacecraft in a periodic orbit. To this end, a disturbance observer based on neural network is developed for active anti-disturbance, so as to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis.The periodic disturbance on orbit can be decoupled with fault by resorting to the fitting and memory ability of neural network. Subsequ...     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

航天器推进系统故障诊断专家系统的研制开发

论述了设计航天器推进系统故障监测与诊断专家系统的重要性和必要性。并结合具体工程背景所研制开发的诊断系统, 研究了其主要的设计思想、特点、功能以及软件需求分析,实现软／硬件环境     

涡扇发动机气路故障定量诊断的BP网络研究

为了克服ＢＰ算法收敛速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于混合学习规则的ＢＰ算法,并采用模归一化方法,成功地定量组织了故障的学习样本,建立了能够定量分析发动机气路部件故障的人工神经网络（ＢＰＮ）。通过分析测量系统随机误差的影响和实际试车数据的效验结果,表明该网络具有较强的推广能力及适应性,能基本满足故障定量诊断的要求,并具有较好的工程实用性。     

应用BP-ART混合神经网络的推进系统状态监控实时系统

应用ＢＰ－ＡＲＴ混合神经网络提出了一种供推进系统状态监控实时使用的系统,其拓扑结构为： 第一层处理单元由ＢＰ神经网络组成, 每个ＢＰ网络代表一个相应的推进系统组件; 第二层处理单元为一个ＡＲＴ神经网络, 网络的每一个输出代表推进系统的一种“健康状态”, 据此可对其故障进行“诊断”。该混合结构充分发挥了两类网络的优点, 给出的具体应用实例也显示出在推进系统实时状态监控与故障诊断应用中的有效性     

基于故障树和神经网络模型的航天器智能诊断研究

提出基于故障树和神经网络模型的诊断方法,提出面向故障树的基于框架和广义规则的知识表示方法及相应的确定性和可能性推理策略,对于可能性推理的结果,通过基于神经网络模型的学习诊断来进一步确定其状态。在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下,用Ｂｏｒｌａｎｄ Ｃ＋＋实现了一个原型系统。通过对“实践４号”卫星能源系统故障模拟实验台的诊断验证了系统的有效性。     

外测系统突发性故障的诊断方法研究

外测系统突发性故障的检测与诊断在航天测控中有十分重要的意义。基于动态测量数据的容错处理技术, 建立了三组实用的过程故障诊断方法： 无须建模的容错平滑器方法; 基于模型拟合的容错辨识方法; 基于状态空间模型的有界影响滤波方法。这些方法既可用于对测控网跟踪质量的事后分析也可用于（准） 实时在线处理。仿真计算结果显示, 这些方法不但能够以１００％ 的准确率检测出脉冲型故障, 还可快速有效地检测出任何形式的关联型故障, 准确率达９８％以上。