细长体分离起始点的实验研究

本文实验研究了细长体模型在中等迎角下的初始分离问题。观察了不同头部形状的细长体在不同迎角下的分离流态。考察并分析了分离起始点的性质。观察到开式分离的存在,实验结果分析认为开式分离可以起始于正常点。此外,在钝头和尖头模型上都出现了螺旋点形式的头部涡。它们或是闭式分离的起始点,或是奇点型开式分离的起始点。     

单向玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂低温冲击拉伸性能的试验研究

 在经改进后配有低温装置的杆-杆型冲击拉伸装置上,对单向玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂在室温、-50℃、-100℃和-150℃的冲击性能进行了研究。结果表明该材料有温度相关性,所研制的装置性能良好,便于应用。     

基于情感的控制策略及其在移动机器人导航中的应用

提出了一种基于情感的移动机器人导航控制策略。根据机器人的导航任务设计了一个情感系统,并与基于行为的机器人系统相结合,构造了基于情感的行为协调控制策略。仿真和比较研究结果表明该控制策略能有效地提高机器人在未知环境中自主导航的能力。     

不同温度下TC21钛合金等离子表面渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高TC21合金的摩擦磨损性能，采用双辉等离子冶金技术在TC21合金表面制备渗Cr改性层，利用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM),能谱仪(Energy dispersive spectromenter,EDS),显微硬度仪和划痕仪等研究了渗Cr层的组织形貌特征、硬度及结合强度，并 在20,300,500 ℃条件下使用摩擦磨损试验机对基体及渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能进行对比、探究，并分析磨损机理。结果表明：渗Cr层厚度为30μm，均匀致密，与基体结合力至少能承受64 N的垂直载荷；改性层表面硬度超过1 000 HV0.1，约为基体的3倍；TC21合金渗Cr后，不同温度下的减摩性能和耐磨性能均得到提高。在室温下TC21基体磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损，而渗Cr层的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损；500 ℃时基体粘着磨损和氧化磨损程度变得更加严重，渗Cr层磨损机理是剥层磨损和氧化磨损。      

Effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired composite laminates

Both single-face vacuum bag curing (SVC) and double-face vacuum bag curing (DVC) can be used in scarf repair of composite structures. But different curing conditions caused by the sealing state may affect the bonding quality of scarf-repaired structures. In this paper, the effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired laminates was experimentally investigated in terms of surface profiles, moisture absorption curves and section profiles. In order to further explore the moisture absorption mechanism, finite element model of the repaired laminates using DVC was established with moisture diffusion of both the adhesive and composite laminates considered. This model was verified by experimental results. Based on the model of DVC case, the model of SVC case was built by changing moisture absorption parameters of the adhesive. Results show that SVC reduces the bonding quality, mainly reflecting in more adhesive inner voids and patch-to-parent dislocation. And SVC increases moisture absorption rate and moisture equilibrium content of the adhesive, and its effect on the former is far greater than that on the latter.     

WC/C复合涂层海水环境的耐蚀性与摩擦性能

采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在304L不锈钢和单晶硅基底上沉积WC/C多层复合涂层,利用扫描电镜、Raman光谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究WC/C复合涂层的微观结构,采用纳米压痕仪、划痕测试系统测试涂层的力学性能,利用电化学测试系统和摩擦磨损试验机分别研究涂层在人工配置的海水环境的耐蚀性能和摩擦性能。结果表明:WC/C复合涂层内含有较多类石墨sp2键结构,存在WC1-x相并镶嵌在非晶碳基质中。较之于304L不锈钢基底,WC/C复合涂层在海水环境中表现出更好的耐蚀性与更优异的摩擦适应性。     

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

C/SiC复合材料紧固件拉-拉疲劳行为研究

为了研究C/SiC复合材料紧固件的拉-拉疲劳行为,在疲劳应力比为0. 1、加载频率为10 Hz的条件下对不同应力水平的疲劳寿命进行统计。采用断口分析和金相分析方法对C/SiC复合材料螺钉疲劳破坏的细观机制进行了研究。结果表明:C/SiC复合材料螺钉拉-拉疲劳包含拉断疲劳及拉脱疲劳两种失效形式;基于双参数幂指数形式的寿命模型,两种失效形式的疲劳寿命经验公式相似;C/SiC复合材料螺钉的疲劳极限约为拉伸强度的65%～70%,若最大疲劳应力大于0. 7σmax,其材料损伤随循环次数增多而明显增大。     

面向系统集成的起落架地面运动特性建模方法

大型飞机地面运动特性是飞机性能的重要组成部分,主要涉及到飞机的地面滑跑、转弯以及刹车等过程。地面运动特性的分析涉及到动力学、液压、控制等多领域,是典型的多学科耦合的复杂问题。以某大型民用飞机为研究对象,从主制造商的系统集成性能分析需求出发,通过多学科解耦和模型物理度划分两个角度进行地面特性模型架构的分解与定义,并以飞机刹车系统性能分析为例,验证了本架构的有效性。本文提出的模型架构灵活,既适用于飞机集成商的飞机级性能分析,又适用于特定系统级的性能分析。     

循环吸湿对炭纤维复合材料界面性能的影响

通过对炭纤维增强复合材料进行70、85、100℃下的循环水浸吸湿试验,研究了复合材料在不同水浸温度下的吸湿-脱湿行为规律。同时,对循环吸湿-脱湿过程中的试样进行层间剪切强度测试和动态力学性能测试,并结合扫描电镜观察循环吸湿各个阶段的纤维基体结合状态。结果表明,水浸温度越高,水分的扩散速率越快,饱和吸湿率越大。经过循环吸湿后复合材料的吸湿行为仍满足Fick第二定律,吸湿后层间剪切强度下降,湿热循环次数越多下降的越明显。脱湿后层间剪切强度有所恢复,水浸温度越高造成的不可逆破坏越大,层间剪切强度恢复的越少。干态时的玻璃化转变温度为231℃,吸湿后下降了37℃。