A practical nonlinear robust control approach of electro-hydraulic load simulator

This paper studies a nonlinear robust control algorithm of the electro-hydraulic load simulator （EHLS）. The tracking performance of the EHLS is mainly limited by the actuator＇s motion disturbance, flow nonlinearity, and friction, etc. The developed controller is developed based on the nonlinear motion loading model. The problems of the actuator＇s disturbance and flow nonlinearity are considered. To address the friction problem, the friction model of the loading motor is identified experimentally. The friction disturbance is compensated using the obtained friction model. Therefore, this paper considers the main three factors comprehensively. The developed algorithm is easy to apply since the controller can be obtained just with one step back-stepping design. The stability of the developed algorithm is proven via Lyapunov analysis. Both co-simulation and experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of this method.     

Flutter analysis of an airfoil with nonlinear damping using equivalent linearization

The equivalent linearization method （ELM） is modified to investigate the nonlinear flut- ter system of an airfoil with a cubic damping. After obtaining the linearization quantity of the cubic nonlinearity by the ELM, an equivalent system can be deduced and then investigated by linear flut- ter analysis methods. Different from the routine procedures of the ELM, the frequency rather than the amplitude of limit cycle oscillation （LCO） is chosen as an active increment to produce bifurca- tion charts. Numerical examples show that this modification makes the ELM much more efficient. Meanwhile, the LCOs obtained by the ELM are in good agreement with numerical solutions. The nonlinear damping can delay the occurrence of secondary bifurcation. On the other hand, it has marginal influence on bifurcation characteristics or LCOs.     

Application in prestiction friction compensation for angular velocity loop of inertially stabilized platforms

To overcome the influence of the nonlinear friction on the gimbaled servo-system of an inertial stabilized platforms(ISPs) with DC motor direct-drive, the methods of modeling and compensation of the nonlinear friction are proposed. Firstly, the inapplicability of LuGre model when trying to interpret the backward angular displacement in the prestiction regime is observed experimentally and the reason is deduced theoretically. Then, based on the dynamic model of direct-drive ISPs, a modified LuGre model is proposed to describe the characteristic of the friction in the prestiction regime. Furthermore, the state switch condition of the three friction regimes including presliding, gross sliding and prestiction is presented. Finally, a composite compensation controller including a nonlinear friction observer and a feedforward compensator based on the novel LuGre model is designed to restrain the nonlinear friction and to improve the control precision. Experimental results indicate that compared with those of the conventional proportion–integration–differentiation(PID) control method and the PID plus LuGre model-based friction compensation method, the dwell-time has decreased from 0.2 s to almost 0 s, the position error decreased to 86.7%and the peak-to-peak value of position error decreased to 80% after the novel compensation controller is added. It concludes that the composite compensation controller can greatly improve the control precision of the dynamic sealed ISPs.     

基于损伤型本构高过载下装药强度数值仿真方法研究

为了准确反映改性双基推进剂装药在高过载发射条件下的破坏情况,采用基于含累积损伤的非线性粘弹性本构模型,利用ABAQUS有限元软件二次开发的UMAT子程序,对某型火箭弹在过载发射情况下的装药进行了数值研究,分析了装药在高过载条件下的变形行为和力学特性。结果显示,在最大加速度为1.39×104g的高过载下,最大应力发生在装药底部内孔处;装药径向尺寸变化很小,可以忽略发动机壳体对装药外表面的约束而将其视为自由表面。比较了最大应力强度准则和累积损伤准则对装药在加速度冲击和压强端面冲击载荷下破坏的判断,两种判据的结果都表明,装药在高过载冲击载荷下没有被破坏。     

基于试验的电动舵机模型辨识

目前电动舵机模型的建立基本上是基于理论的数学推导,所建立的舵机模型与实际舵机模型存在一定的误差。针对此问题,提出一种基于试验实测数据建立舵机模型的方法,搭建自动数据采集试验平台,采用组合窗法对实测数据进行频域转换,得到舵机的频率响应函数并采用非线性最小二乘法辨识舵机模型。对辨识得到的数学仿真结果与实际舵机响应比较,在频域,整个频段内幅频特性最大绝对误差1.9 dB;在时域,仿真模型跟踪实际舵机角度的最大误差1.5°,延迟时间10 ms。结果表明,基于试验数据建立的舵机仿真模型能很好地模拟实际舵机。     

倒立摆系统的建模与积分滑模控制

在研究了倒立摆系统动力学模型的基础上,提出了一种积分滑模变结构的控制方法。通过设计积分性质的非线性滑模面,可以减少系统静差,提高控制精度,系统鲁棒性能获得了很好的保存。仿真证明,该方法能够在较短时间内实现系统的稳定,提高系统的控制精度,使倒立摆系统具有更高的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

大气层内导弹姿态控制方法研究

本文以大气层内导弹为研究对象,对导弹的姿态控制方法进行研究.根据大气层内导弹运动方程组及空气动力方程等得出导弹的姿态控制系统数学模型.由于导弹的姿态控制数学模型是强耦合、非线性的,因而在控制器设计之前,采用小扰动理论进行线性化处理,得到俯仰、偏航、滚转三个通道的传递函数.针对特征点,采用PD控制方法分别设计三通道的控制律,在此基础上,进一步设计了基于增益调度的PD控制规律.仿真结果表明,提出的姿态控制方法可以实现大气层内导弹的姿态控制,满足指标要求.     

基于比例导引角度线性化的无人机避障研究

基于无人机与障碍物之间的几何关系,在极坐标系下建立了无人机与障碍物之间的运动学方程,通过引入基于角度线性化的比例导引律,使无人机能够顺利避开障碍物。引入的基于角度线性化的比例导引律是关于无人机相对速度航向角与避障点视线角的函数,由比例函数及偏差函数组成。为解决初始时刻相对速度航向角不满足引入导引律的问题,在调节函数中加入了指数项。通过稳定性证明,得到了满足要求的导引律参数取值范围。最后对设计的避障算法进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

线性世界与非线性世界的对话

世界是非线性的，但是，人类对它的认识却是从简单的线性开始的。早在公元前500年左右，古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派就发现了自然数是按照均匀的线性关系增加的。到了18世纪，法国大数学家拉普拉斯首先认识到，自然界也许不是一个简单的线性世界。他曾说，如果世界是线性的，则一旦初始条件确定，则世界就按简单、均匀的规则发展，那么，这个世界也未免太简单、太单调了。     

基于非线性系数的金属构件寿命预测研究

通过对位错引起的超声非线性行为理论模型的研究,发现超声非线性系数的变化与疲劳损伤累积过程中位错密度的变化趋势相对应。基于上述理论,利用非线性超声对45#钢三点弯曲试件的微裂纹扩展进行了检测,实验发现位错密度的变化趋势与微裂纹扩展的3个阶段紧密相关。因此,利用非线性系数作为特征参数实现了对微裂纹扩展不同阶段的表征,从而实现了金属构件剩余寿命的预测,并且验证了超声非线性系数与位错密度成正比的位错理论。