尾缘锯齿降低叶栅噪声的数值模拟

采用大涡模拟与声类比的方法研究了尾缘锯齿对涡轮叶栅噪声的影响.设计了两种不同的尾缘锯齿,对比了Re=3.3×105(基于叶片弦长与叶栅出口速度)下两种不同结构锯齿尾缘叶栅与直尾缘叶栅的声功率.结果表明:尾缘锯齿可以降低叶片吸力面边界层分离噪声约5dB,降低尾缘涡脱落噪声约10dB.进一步的研究表明,尾缘锯齿可以降低叶片尾缘附近表面的压力脉动幅值约50%,将展向相关尺度较大的涡破碎成展向相关尺度较小的涡,并消除尾缘脱落涡,这三者的综合作用使噪声得到降低.      

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

超声速混合层在强迫振动下流场结构的实验研究

通过可控振动系统激励双喷管后的薄平板,采用基于纳米粒子的平面激光散射技术(NPLS)观测超声速混合层流场结构。控制薄平板的频率和振幅,结合边缘检测技术研究了超声速混合层大尺度结构的发展和演化规律。实验结果表明:强迫振动对超声速混合层流场结构以及混合效率有重要的影响。与无振动相比,强迫振动增强了混合层的三维特性,混合层的失稳位置提前;同时,强迫振动促进了上下两层流动的掺混,高频振动下混合层增长速度提高约50%,有效增强了混合。     

基于格子Boltzmann方法表面形貌对微通道对流换热的影响

为推动微通道冷却技术在航空发动机中的应用,进一步提高航空发动机性能,本文通过扫描电子显微镜、粗糙度扫描仪等多方式扫描得到实际加工物体表面形貌,结合分形理论进行处理,得到真实、光滑、分形插值、康托尔集四类圆形截面管模型,管径100μm~400μm;采用格子Boltzmann方法进行数值模拟,首先通过与文献中实验结果的对比,验证了此方法的正确性,然后对空气在这四类圆形截面微通道中的对流换热特性进行了数值模拟,计算雷诺数Re范围80~640;结果发现：表面形貌是微通道中对流换热不可忽略的因素,相对粗糙度越大越有利于换热,真实扫描管的换热性能要比相同条件下光滑管高2.22%;分形理论可用于微通道表面形貌的构建,在相同迭代次数下,分形插值模型与真实扫描形貌换热性能相差0.03%,而康托尔集模型与真实扫描形貌换热性能相差1.88%,分形插值模型较康托尔集模型更能真实地反映实际形貌;微通道中,随着雷诺数的增加Nu将不再是常数,而是有增加的趋势。     

C/SiC复合材料螺旋铣削与钻削制孔效果对比

采用PCD刀具对C/SiC复合材料螺旋铣削与钻削制孔的制孔效果进行了对比研究。在同等加工效率条件下测量了两种制孔方法产生的切削力及切削热,并观察制孔质量。试验结果表明:螺旋铣孔产生的轴向力小于钻孔,约为钻孔的56.9%;孔壁粗糙度及孔径差均小于钻削;钻孔产生的切削热少于螺旋铣削制孔,约占螺旋铣的58.7%,但螺旋铣产生的切削热对材料及刀具的影响小。     

多飞行器再入段时间协同弹道规划方法

提出了一种多飞行器再入段时间协同弹道规划方法。首先,在纵向平面内规划满足航程与终端约束的纵向标称轨迹。随后,在采用轨迹跟踪律跟踪纵向标称轨迹的同时,运用考虑初始横侧向状态的多边界航向偏差角走廊策略控制飞行器的横侧向机动,以满足到达时间约束与终端约束,进而实现单枚飞行器到达时间约束下的轨迹规划。在此基础上,完成了飞行器的到达时间分布与飞行能力分析,给出了最小与最大到达时间的分析计算方法,并根据多飞行器协同再入的任务需求完成了协同飞行时间决策。最后,多飞行器协同再入与扰动条件下的仿真结果表明,该方法能够规划出满足到达时间与终端约束的协同再入轨迹,具备良好的计算精度与鲁棒性。     

隔舱式双脉冲发动机第Ⅱ脉冲点火过程数值仿真

基于计算流体力学和相关点火理论,对双脉冲发动机第Ⅱ脉冲点火瞬态过程的流场进行了数值分析,并进行了发动机第Ⅱ脉冲点火试车试验。结果表明：在隔板打开前,第Ⅱ脉冲燃烧室高压区的位置由燃烧室前端向隔板移动,压强沿燃烧室径向变化较小,沿轴向变化较大,燃烧室头部和尾部近壁面区域一直处于低温;6 ms时隔板打开,第Ⅱ脉冲燃烧室压强下降05 MPa,药柱内孔前后端压强差波动剧烈,药柱内孔前端温度场下降600 K,而其他区域温度变化较小。隔板打开后,沿隔板下游第Ⅰ脉冲燃烧室轴线形成带状高温区,第Ⅰ脉冲燃烧室头部和尾部依次出现压强峰值,第Ⅰ脉冲燃烧室压强在18 ms时达到稳定,而温度在25 ms时达到稳定。试验测得的第Ⅰ、Ⅱ脉冲燃烧室压强-时间曲线和仿真结果吻合较好,表明该仿真方法具有一定的准确性。     

基于传热反问题方法的N_2O/C_2H_4预混推进剂燃烧室热流测量研究

测量液体火箭发动机的热载荷是获取燃烧室内部信息的重要方法。为了获取N_2O/C_2H_4预混推进剂燃烧室内壁的热载荷,建立了液体火箭发动机的热流计算的反问题方法,该方法基于对燃烧室壁面温度场的直接求解,通过对轴向多个位置测量温度的反演计算得到燃烧室内壁热流和温度。研究表明:应用文中建立的传热反问题方法能够较为准确地获得热流随时间及空间的分布;热电偶的位置对计算准确性有明显的影响,与理论深度偏差在0.2mm以内的随机深度偏差可导致超过4%热流反演误差;N_2O/C_2H_4预混推进剂燃烧室热流及温度沿轴向逐渐降低,表明燃烧室内的反应释热过程主要在燃烧室头部附近发生。     

射频阵列仿真系统的目标位置精度分析

射频阵列仿真系统是一种比较理想的导弹武器系统抗干扰试验环境,目标位置精度是射频阵列仿真系统的关键指标。阐述了影响目标位置精度的主要原因,并结合测量数据对其进行分析,为工程应用提供了参考。     

Matching suitable feature construction for SAR images based on evolutionary synthesis strategy

In the paper,a set of algorithms to construct synthetic aperture radar（SAR）matching suitable features are frstly proposed based on the evolutionary synthesis strategy.During the process,on the one hand,the indexes of primary matching suitable features（PMSFs）are designed based on the characteristics of image texture,SAR imaging and SAR matching algorithm,which is a process involving expertise;on the other hand,by designing a synthesized operation expression tree based on PMSFs,a much more flexible expression form of synthesized features is built,which greatly expands the construction space.Then,the genetic algorithm-based optimized searching process is employed to search the synthesized matching suitable feature（SMSF）with the highest effciency,largely improving the optimized searching effciency.In addition,the experimental results of the airborne synthetic aperture radar ortho-images of C-band and P-band show that the SMSFs gained via the algorithms can reflect the matching suitability of SAR images accurately and the matching probabilities of selected matching suitable areas of ortho-images could reach 99±0.5%.