连续自由流电泳微重力下分离模式蛋白质的研究

以连续自由流电泳的区带电泳模式分离血红蛋白和细胞色素C，比较了不同缓冲液甘油浓度下的分离效果，确定了最终装载在神舟4号飞船上A3—2型电泳仪的电泳分离条件，通过地面和空间实验，初步探讨了微重力对连续自由流电泳分离的影响，并对电泳的分离产物做了多种检测．     

MATLAB在飞机环境控制系统仿真中的应用

介绍了在MATLAB环境下,对飞机环境控制系统的建模方法,开发了飞机环控系统综合仿真的MATLAB工具箱.简单介绍了所开发的仿真工具箱,并且用此工具箱对某型飞机的环控系统进行了仿真研究,与实验结果的对比表明,所开发的工具箱,具有很高的仿真精度.     

Thermal-structural analysis of regenerativelycooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Struc tural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter γ3 =0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when γ3 ＞ 0.The results of sen sitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.     

Influence of TiB2 particles on machinability and machining parameter optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs

In situ formed TiB₂ particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB₂/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB₂ particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB₂/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB₂ particles on the machinability of TiB₂/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB₂/Al MMCs is bigger than that of non-reinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB₂/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB₂/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material.     

联立法求解月面上升段最优轨迹的快速收敛控制技术

为了更好地解决复杂约束下的航天器月面上升段在线轨迹规划问题,提出了一种求解最优轨迹的联立框架。首先利用有限元正交配置法将状态变量和控制变量完全离散化,得到一个非线性规划命题。考虑到命题中含有较多的不等式约束并且会随着有限元的增加而增加,故采用内点算法对非线性规划命题进行求解。离散化后的非线性规划命题的规模大幅度增加,导致了优化计算难度的加大和求解时间的增加,为了便于联立法的在线应用,采用收敛深度控制策略从平衡解的精度和计算效率的角度来改进优化算法的实时性。以某航天器载人返回任务月面上升段场景为算例进行仿真,结果表明基于联立法求得的最优控制量序列得到的飞行轨迹满足轨道根数的精度要求,同时利用收敛深度控制策略可以实现快速收敛控制。     

采用不同建表方法的火焰面模型在燃烧室中的应用研究

为加深对航空发动机燃烧室中湍流燃烧过程的理解,采用不同建表方法的火焰面模型对航空发动机模型燃烧室内的湍流燃烧过程进行数值模拟,包括层流火焰面数据库的构建和反应进度变量的PDF类型两个方面。其中,层流火焰面数据库的构造方法包括基于扩散火焰的FPV和基于预混火焰的FGM模型,反应进度变量的PDF类型包括δ和β分布。LISA和KHRT模型分别用于模拟液膜和液滴的破碎过程,非平衡Langmuir-Knudsen模型用于模拟液滴的蒸发过程。LISA模型得到的液膜破碎距离约为4.6mm,液滴直径在文氏管出口下游迅速减小到10μm左右,并在头部出口下游附近完全蒸发。通过与相干反斯托克斯喇曼散射(CARS)和可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)测量温度的对比,验证了FPV和FGM模型的精度,并表明在流动变化较大的位置FPV模型具有更高的精度,而其他位置FGM模型具有更高的精度,采用β分布作为反应进度变量PDF的模型,可以有效提高温度的预测进度,而且主燃区内的误差基本都在5%以内。此外采用β分布作为反应进度变量PDF的FGM模型,可以更好地描述未燃混合物被回流燃气点火的过程,而且反应进度变量的PDF类型比层流火焰面数据库构建方法的影响更为显著。     

低能自由空气电离室优化设计

借助于空气比释动能的基本定义和概念以及空气比释动能绝对测量的理论方法，分析了自由空气电离室可以作为空气比释动能绝对测量方法的原理和条件。通过平板型与圆柱型自由空气电离室的优劣比较，选择平板型作为研究对象，详细介绍了经典的平板型自由空气电离室，并通过理论分析计算以及模拟计算的方法，优化设计包括：光阑半径、空气衰减长度、极间距等低能自由空气电离室的关键几何尺寸，以最小化空气比释动能测量时产生的总不确定度。     

Geometric error analysis of an over-constrained parallel tracking mechanism using the screw theory

This paper deals with geometric error modeling and sensitivity analysis of an overconstrained parallel tracking mechanism. The main contribution is the consideration of overconstrained features that are usually ignored in previous research. The reciprocal property between a motion and a force is applied to tackle this problem in the framework of the screw theory. First of all, a nominal kinematic model of the parallel tracking mechanism is formulated. On this basis, the actual twist of the moving platform is computed through the superposition of the joint twist and geometric errors. The actuation and constrained wrenches of each limb are applied to exclude the joint displacement. After eliminating repeated errors brought by the multiplication of wrenches, a geometric error model of the parallel tracking mechanism is built. Furthermore,two sensitivity indices are defined to select essential geometric errors for future kinematic calibration. Finally, the geometric error model with minimum geometric errors is verified by simulation with SolidWorks software. Two typical poses of the parallel tracking mechanism are selected, and the differences between simulation and calculation results are very small. The results confirm the correctness and accuracy of the geometric error modeling method for over-constrained parallel mechanisms.     

基于Ansys Fluent的近场翼尖涡数值模拟与分析

为了进一步研究飞机远场尾涡,提供网格分配及湍流模型的参考,并为整机模拟提供必要的参考依据,通过基于Ansys Fluent的数值模拟方法,研究了NACA0012机翼的近场翼尖涡流场,采用有限体积法求解不可压缩雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,其中雷诺应力项分别以S-A和Realizable k-ε模型封闭,模拟了近场翼尖涡卷起的过程,分析了机翼表面压力以及涡核参数,包括轴向涡量、涡核位置、涡核粘性等,并与风洞实验结果进行了对比。结果分析表明:基于局部O-网的六面体网格,RKE模型要优于S-A模型,与实验值更为吻合。     

基于人工神经网络的停机坪安全预警研究

停机坪是机场的重要组成部分,停机坪安全是机场安全关注的重点。影响停机坪安全作业的要素有很多,通过对这些要素进行监控和预警,可以减少停机坪的安全隐患,保证机场正常运行。根据济南遥墙机场的主要数据,运用因子分析法对影响停机坪安全的主要因素进行分类,提取公共因子。并运用人工神经网络（ANN）方法,对这些公共因子进行神经网络训练和预测分析,最终得到遥墙机场停机坪的安全情况。