再论和谐社会的构建——基于功能冲突论视阈

作为对二战后美国社会矛盾激化、社会动荡的回应,在对社会学家关于社会冲突的种种观点反思与发展的基础上,科塞建立了功能冲突论。科塞的功能冲突论由冲突正功能的发挥条件、冲突正功能的具体内容、社会安全阀制度等内容组成。功能冲突论启示我们,在我国构建和谐社会的过程中,要正视、分析社会矛盾、社会冲突,构建社会安全阀制度,消除社会冲突产生的社会土壤。     

Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

一类隔离驱动电路的“剩余驱动”问题

讨论直流变换器中将脉宽调制器（PWM）输出与受控MOS管栅极连接的一类开关驱动电路.专注于分析它在PWM电路关闭后对栅极产生的驱动信号,被命名为＂剩余驱动＂.描述这类剩余驱动的电气特性,说明它对变换器造成的危险,提出改进这类驱动电路以消除这些危险的4种方法.     

An attempt to study long-term variation of sporadic E layers using neural networks

Strong positive correlation between sporadic E layers and the solar activity and the long-term declining trend of Es were found in this paper. Then the feed-forward back propagation neural networks (NNs) were used to simulate the long-term variation of Es at four stations and predict foEs yearly average values. The inputs used for NNs are the yearly mean values of foEs in the daytime of the past ten years and the yearly averaged data of solar 10.7 cm radio flux (F107) of the present year, and the output is the present yearly mean value of daytime foEs. The outputs of trained NNs have high correlation with the desired values and the foEs yearly mean values predicted by NNs have good agreement with the observed data. The results indicate that NNs can make full use of the observed data to simulate the long variation rule of Es. Also, the results confirm the effect of solar activity on Es.     

宏指令在变螺距螺旋轨迹编程中的应用

以一个现实的零件,表述了宏指令在变螺距螺旋加工中的运用,利用函数的合成,循环语句的运用,细致而详细地描述了程序编制的整个过程。对于复杂空间曲线,若能建立函数的关系,通过宏指令的运用,也能手动编制出简洁的复杂轨迹,且应用面广,程序段直观而清晰,更具可读性。     

1种发动机自适应模型的修正方法

为解决由于工艺落后和性能衰退所导致的发动机模型与实际发动机失配的问题,从而达到视情维修的目的,建立了1种基于遗传算法的自适应模型修正方法.利用遗传算法高效率的全局搜索能力,以发动机性能参数为目标,优化部件参数,实现了模型的修正,并通过分析发动机性能参数对部件参数的敏感性,研究了选取不同组合的待修正部件参数对模型修正精度的影响.结果表明:采用该修正方法所建立的发动机模型准确性高、鲁棒性强,且具有良好的通用性,为发动机的健康管理和故障诊断提供了重要依据,具有很好的军事和工程应用价值.     

涡轮导叶吸力面簸箕型孔气膜冷却特性实验研究

为了研究涡轮导叶吸力面的气膜冷却特性,在跨声速涡轮叶栅传热风洞中,采用瞬态方法实验测量了两个位置处的单排簸箕型气膜孔的冷却效率,分析了多个气动参数对其分布规律的影响。两排簸箕型孔分别位于相对弧长6.8%和21.7%处,叶栅通道基于叶片弦长的进口雷诺数为1.7×105~5.7×105,出口等熵马赫数为0.81~1.01,吹风比为0.6~2.1,涵盖了涡轮导叶典型工作状态。结果表明:对于簸箕型气膜孔,设计雷诺数条件下最佳吹风比在0.9~1.2附近,靠近前缘的孔排2的贴附性要好于孔排1;主流马赫数对孔后冷却效率的影响可以忽略,而低雷诺数下的冷却效率低于中高雷诺数工况;簸箕型气膜孔的冷却效率高于圆柱型孔,在BR1.5的中高吹风比时表现更明显;低吹风比时,凸面的冷却效率高于平板,尤其是s/d20距离内,而在高吹风比时,射流动量增加促进了气膜脱离凸面,从而降低了冷却效率。     

基于视觉引导着陆的微小型四旋翼设计及实现

为了增强四旋翼的自主性,借用视觉导航方法要求在GPS丢失信号或信号精度不高的情况下进行辅助定位,使得四旋翼能够在某些特殊需求场合自动着陆。针对Harris角点检测算法计算量大的问题,设计了一种快速、准确的标志图像识别算法,将一个区域内的所有角点转换成一个单值角点,替代了Harris算法中的局部非极大值抑制算法,减小了计算量,并进一步设计了视觉模式下的姿态与位置转换算法和视觉着陆控制算法。为了验证所设计算法的可行性和有效性,基于STM32单片机搭建了微型四旋翼实验平台系统,并实时在线进行了性能实验,结果表明,标志图像识别算法能正确检测和识别出标志图像,视觉着陆算法也成功实现了四旋翼实验平台的着陆功能。