Combustion efficiency test method in scramjet engine

A scramjet engine combustion efficiency measure system was designed.The combustion efficiency was measured by chromatography method,and the results of chromatography method were compared with those of temperature method.The results indicate that the combustion efficiency measured by chromatography method was 80.7%,lower than the combustion efficiency of 84.5%measured by temperature method;the combustion efficiency could be measured more precisely by chromatogram method than by temperature method.The combustion efficiency measure system based on chromatogram method can work well,and thus can be used to measure the combustion efficiency of scramjet engine.     

有机纤维与酚醛树脂的相似性及应用研究

为了解决新型有机纤维改性硅基/酚醛复合材料的烧蚀/温度场计算问题,提出了将改性用的有机纤维等效于酚醛树脂的处理方法.通过试验表明有机纤维与酚醛树脂具有一定的热相似性,理论计算时将有机纤维成分按树脂处理,从而利用已有树脂基类防热材料设计方法来预测有机纤维类复合材料的烧蚀/温度场.试验结果表明此方法合理可行.     

燃气轮机燃烧室中的管路设计

燃气轮机燃烧室中的管路主要用于供油、引气和测试等,其重要性往往易被忽视,而成为故障易发部位。为了提高燃气轮机燃烧室管路部件的可靠性,从实际应用出发,分析总结了燃烧室的管路设计中需要考虑的管路材料、直径以及壁厚的选择,形状的确定,相配件的热膨胀协调、卡箍与支架的设计,振频及动应力计算与测试,焊接方式的选择与工艺控制,后期校形控制等主要因素。通过对以上各设计细节的控制,可以从根本上解决管路易出现的各种问题,降低燃烧室管路故障发生的概率。     

取样密度对燃烧室试验测量结果的影响

在航空发动机和燃气轮机燃烧室部件试验中,取样密度会对燃烧室出口温度测量结果产生影响,如果取样密度过小,会造成燃烧室出口温度测量值与"实际值"之间偏离度过大。基于此,对3种燃烧室的试验数据进行了分析。同时将试验采集到的"高取样密度"的原始数据沿圆周方向进行均匀"拆分","拆分后"得到不同密度的"低取样密度"数据,将该数据与原始"高取样密度"试验数据的分析结果进行了对比,得出了取样密度与测量偏离度之间的关系,并给出了满足工程研制需要的取样密度。     

超声速气流中简化微小液滴横向喷射的汽化过程探索

为研究超声速气流中简化液滴的汽化过程问题,本文分析了两相流计算中已有的两相传热模型,并对简化液滴绕流开展数值计算.在来流Ma≤0.6的条件下,数值计算得到的简化液滴-气流之间的传热速率与已有模型得到的结果相一致,而在来流Ma≥0.9的条件下,数值计算得到的简化液滴-气流之间的传热速率与已有模型得到的结果存在很大偏差.由此建立了考虑简化液滴与气流相对超声速相互作用的两相传热模型.进一步,采用Charles B.Henderson阻力系数关系式与新建立的传热模型,对不同直径简化液滴的运动与汽化开展工程计算.在来流2.7Ma的二维平板超声速流场中选取一个截面,作为气相流场,结果显示,(1)简化液滴与主气流存在相对超声速作用.当简化液滴直径dk≤0.12mm时,作用区域约为0.1m～0.4m,当dk>0.12mm时,作用区域明显增大,(2)简化液滴的穿透尺度不超过0.011m/m(深度/长度),时间尺度约为0.28ms～3ms,(3)简化液滴完成汽化的空间尺度约为0.1m(dk>=0.03mm)、0.45m(dk>=0.05mm)与1.24m(dk>=0.075mm),而当dk>0.09mm时,简化液滴完成汽化的空间尺度则大于1.9m.使用考虑简化液滴与气流相对超声速相互作用的两相传热模型与使用传统的传热模型对简化液滴的运动轨迹没有影响,而对简化液滴的汽化过程有较大影响.     

单级感应线圈炮能量转换效率研究

在单级感应线圈炮的发射过程中,随着电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置的变化,弹丸出口速度和系统能量转换效率也将随之发生变化.为获得其中的规律,建立了单级感应线圈炮的数学模型,仿真分析了电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置对弹丸出口速度及系统能量转换效率的影响.分析结果表明,随着放电电压增加弹丸出口速度几乎呈直...     

Matching design of hydraulic load simulator with aerocraft actuator

 This paper intends to provide theoretical basis for matching design of hydraulic load simulator (HLS) with aerocraft actuator in hardware-in-loop test, which is expected to help actuator designers overcome the obstacles in putting forward appropriate requirements of HLS. Traditional research overemphasizes the optimization of parameters and methods for HLS controllers. It lacks deliberation because experimental results and project experiences indicate different ultimate performance of a specific HLS. When the actuator paired with this HLS is replaced, the dynamic response and tracing precision of this HLS also change, and sometimes the whole system goes so far as to lose control. Based on the influence analysis of the preceding phenomena, a theory about matching design of aerocraft actuator with HLS is presented, together with two paired new concepts of "Standard Actuator" and "Standard HLS". Further research leads to seven important conclusions of matching design, which suggest that appropriate stiffness and output torque of HLS should be carefully designed and chosen for an actuator. Simulation results strongly support that the proposed principle of matching design can be anticipated to be one of the design criteria for HLS, and successfully used to explain experimental phenomena and project experiences.     

An experimental study of the dual-loop control of electro-hydraulic load simulator （EHLS）

This paper investigates motion coupling disturbance（the so called surplus torque）in the hardware-in-the-loop（HIL）experiments.The＇＇velocity synchronization scheme＇＇was proposed by Jiao for an electro-hydraulic load simulator（EHLS）in 2004.In some situations,however,the scheme is limited in the implementation for certain reasons,as is the case when the actuator＇s valve signal is not available or it is seriously polluted by noise.To solve these problems,a＇＇dual-loop scheme＇＇is developed for EHLS.The dual-loop scheme is a combination of a torque loop and a position synchronization loop.The role of the position synchronization loop is to decouple the motion disturbance caused by the actuator system.To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme,extensive simulations are performed using AMESim.Then,the performance of the developed method is validated by experiments.     

航空发动机新型补燃增推燃烧室的现状与发展

涡轮后框架一体化加力燃烧室（简称涡轮后框架燃烧室）和涡轮间燃烧室均是为了提高推进效率和降低耗油率而新近开发和验证的2种先进补燃增推燃烧室。综述了2种燃烧室的基本结构、研制背景、发展历程和目前研究进展,总结了从众多研究中获得的这2种燃烧室相对常规结构的性能特点,如涡轮后框架燃烧室结构紧凑,流体损失小,结构耐久性好;涡轮间燃烧室推进效率高,热效率高。还指示了这2种燃烧室的发展趋势。     

尚逸帆，康志宇，张庆展，杨东春

美国和苏联现有的舱外载人机动装置（MannedManeuveringUnit,MMU）推进系统设计均采用两套独立系统互为备份的方式,主系统故障后可以启动备用系统,但备用系统故障则无应对方案,因此制约航天员的安全性和舱外活动能力。文章在常规主备份推进模式基础上提出了应急推进模式,备份推进器发生故障后,根据失效发动机组相对位置关系采用不同应急策略,剩余有效推进器通过联合控制的方式保证航天员六自由度控制。经过可行性分析和仿真计算,证明了应急模式下MMU推进能力有一定降低,但能够为航天员返回提供动力,应急推进模式具有可行性。