钛合金砂带磨削磨粒磨损研究

探讨了砂带磨削钛合金的砂带磨粒磨损过程及磨损机理.验证了砂带磨损的初期磨损阶段和定常磨损阶段,并分析了切深和进给速度对砂带磨损过程的影响规律.结果表明,砂带等高性是决定砂带寿命与加工精度稳定性的决定性因素.     

ELID成形磨削实验研究与表面粗糙度预测

为了探究ELID成型磨削中磨削参数和电解参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,基于未变形切屑厚度模型,考虑砂轮上磨粒出刃高度的随机性以及ELID磨削中氧化膜的影响,建立了针对ELID磨削的表面粗糙度预测模型。单因素实验研究了ELID成形磨削电源参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并探讨了电解电流与氧化膜厚度之间的关系。全因子实验以工件转速、砂轮转速和进给切深为影响因素,研究了磨削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并对预测模型进行了验证。结果表明:磨削参数中,其他条件一定时,表面粗糙度随砂轮转速的增大而减小,随工件转速和切深的增大而增大;同时对于粗糙度的预测误差达到了8.75%,预测模型有效可靠。     

基于不同磨粒的氮化硅陶瓷磨削特性研究

采用多颗磨粒磨削仿真和实验相结合的方式研究磨削过程的磨削力、磨削温度和已加表面形貌。对比分析了多颗磨粒和传统单颗磨粒磨削模型在磨削特性上的差异性,并对多颗磨粒磨削仿真模型进行了验证。结果表明：当磨削速度减小、磨削深度增大时,多颗/单颗磨粒仿真与实验的磨削力均增大;当磨削速度和磨削深度增大,多颗/单颗磨粒仿真与实验的磨削温度均增大;当进给速度增大时,单颗磨粒仿真的磨削力减小、磨削温度先减小后增大,多颗磨粒仿真和实验的磨削力增大、磨削温度减小;多颗磨粒磨削时的磨削力和磨削温度大于单颗磨粒磨削时的力和温度;多颗磨粒仿真后工件表面形貌与实际加工后表面形貌相符。基于多颗磨粒磨削工程陶瓷的有限元仿真模型相比于单颗磨粒模型可更好的模拟实际加工情况。     

整体叶盘数控砂带磨削技术及其试验

针对航空发动机整体叶盘结构复杂、材料难加工,铣削加工后粗糙度无法达到设计要求,铣削纹理明显,目前的手工抛光难以满足整体叶盘表面质量和型面精度要求的现状,提出了整体叶盘数控砂带磨削技术及其工艺试验。概述了整体叶盘砂带磨削研究进展,分别从新型砂带磨削技术和自适应砂带磨削技术等方面阐述了整体叶盘全型面数控砂带磨削技术。介绍了整体叶盘全型面数控砂带磨削试验装置及其数控磨削加工软件,利用该装置完成了4种不同级别的整体叶盘精密磨削加工试验。结果表明:整体叶盘磨削后,表面粗糙度小于0.4μm,型线精度小于0.05mm,同时型面精度一致性显著提高。     

新型刚玉砂轮磨削GH4169镍基高温合金的性能评价研究

镍基高温合金是航空发动机部件的常用材料,其磨削加工存在工具损耗严重、寿命短等难题。针对3种新研制的刚玉砂轮(分别为粒度60#的微晶和单晶混合磨料砂轮、粒度60#的单晶刚玉砂轮,以及粒度70#的单晶刚玉砂轮),开展了GH4169镍基高温合金材料的磨削试验,从磨削力、磨削温度、砂轮磨损以及表面粗糙度等方面对3种砂轮的磨削性能进行了评价。结果表明,3种砂轮磨削GH4169材料在砂轮磨损和表面粗糙度方面未表现出明显差异,而通过对磨削力和磨削温度的综合评价发现粒度60#的单晶刚玉砂轮的磨削性能更优。3种砂轮磨削GH4169材料的磨削比在0.5~3之间。在正常磨削条件下,3种砂轮的磨削表面粗糙度Ra小于0.4μm。同时发现,砂轮磨损(主要包括磨粒的破碎和脱落)是造成磨削表面缺陷形成的重要原因。     

ELID沟道成形磨削氧化膜特性及影响作用实验

针对ELID沟道成形磨削特点,研究了磨削过程中氧化膜的特性及其影响作用。探讨分析了氧化膜的电流表征、氧化膜在沟道成形磨削中的状态变化以及氧化膜状态对磨削力和表面粗糙度的影响。实验过程中,电解电流从1 A增长到4 A,氧化膜厚度从35.33!m减小到11.07!m,法向磨削力从7.06 N增长到36.12 N,切向磨削力从1.62 N增长到4.47 N;垂直于磨削方向的表面粗糙度由0.256!m增长到0.355!m,平行于磨削方向的表面粗糙度由8 nm增长到13 nm。结果表明,氧化膜越厚,磨削力和表面粗糙度越小;氧化膜越薄,磨削力和表面粗糙度越大。     

航空发动机钛合金叶片机器人浮动砂带磨削技术及其试验研究

压气机钛合金叶片为航空发动机关键零部件,其制造质量和加工精度对整机工作性能有至关重要的影响。由于该叶片型面结构复杂,打磨工作常由人工完成,其打磨效率低,打磨质量一致性难以保证。对航空发动机钛合金叶片机器人浮动砂带磨削技术进行分析,并进行了相关试验研究。试验结果表明钛合金叶片的机器人浮动砂带磨削技术能适应钛合金叶片的打磨要求,打磨后的叶片表面粗糙度Ra在0.4μm以内,表面三维形貌一致性较好,磨削后的进排气边的形状保持一定的圆度状态。     

航空发动机叶片机器人精密砂带磨削研究现状及发展趋势

航空发动机叶片的型面精度及表面完整性对其疲劳寿命和气流动力性等影响巨大。机器人砂带磨削由于其灵活性好、易于调度、通用性强等特点成为提高叶片表面完整性的有效加工方法之一，但是工业机器人一般仅适用于粗加工，而对于半精加工以及精加工，提高机器人的定位精度是决定加工质量的关键问题。因此，对航空发动机叶片机器人砂带磨削研究现状进行归纳总结，为实现叶片精密磨削提供参考。首先，对叶片机器人砂带磨削系统的组成和结构形式进行了论述，从磨削接触廓形、材料去除规律和表面完整性等方面对砂带磨削机理进行了分析；其次，分别从基于CAD模型、数学模型和人工知识学习三方面总结了叶片机器人砂带磨削轨迹规划方法；然后，对叶片机器人砂带磨削运动控制技术研究进行了介绍，并分析了叶片机器人砂带磨削系统及集成技术；最后，对航空发动机叶片机器人砂带磨削研究现状进行了总结，在此基础上对其发展趋势进行了分析。     

单晶硅脆性材料塑性域超精密磨削加工的研究

对单晶硅脆性材料的超精密磨削加工作了大量的实验研究.研究结果表明,对于单晶硅等脆性材料,其表面粗糙度主要与砂轮的平均磨粒尺寸、进给量等因素有关.当采用超精密磨床并在V     

磨削钛合金时砂轮磨损机理的研究

 磨削钛合金时砂轮磨损严重,磨削比很低。为了改善钛合金的磨削加工性,本文着重分析了造成砂轮磨损的主要原因,论述了粘附磨损、扩散磨损以及磨粒破碎、脱落所造成的磨损,并分析了磨削条件对砂轮磨损的影响。     

叶片型面砂带磨削技术的现状和发展趋势

叙述了国内外叶片型面砂带磨削的各种技术,分析了一些叶片材料的砂带磨削性能,并介绍了一些典型的叶片砂带磨床.     

Prediction on grinding force during grinding powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 with electroplated CBN abrasive wheel

In this article, a grinding force model, which is on the basis of cutting process of single abrasive grains combined with the method of theoretical derivation and empirical formula by analyzing the formation mechanism of grinding force, was established. Three key factors have been taken into accounts in this model, such as the contact friction force between abrasive grains and materials, the plastic deformation of material in the process of abrasive plowing, and the shear strain effect of material during the process of cutting chips formation. The model was finally validated by the orthogonal grinding experiment of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 by using the electroplated CBN abrasive wheel. Grinding force values of prediction and experiment were in good consistency. The errors of tangential grinding force and normal grinding force were 9.8% and 13.6%, respectively. The contributions of sliding force, plowing force and chip formation force were also analyzed. In addition, the tangential forces of sliding, plowing and chip formation are 14%, 19% and 11% of the normal forces on average, respectively. The pro-posed grinding force model is not only in favor of optimizing the grinding parameters and improving grinding efficiency, but also contributes to study some other grinding subjects (e.g. abrasive wheel wear, grinding heat, residual stress).     

磨粒建模方法与切削过程仿真研究

针对砂轮表面上磨粒形状不规则、尺寸不确定的几何特征,研究了模拟实际磨粒的几何建模方法。采用随机空间平面切分正六面体的方法构建了具有实际磨粒几何特征的不规则多面体结构磨粒。基于LS-DYNA软件,采用流固耦合有限元法模拟了不规则多面体结构磨粒的切削过程。分析切削过程中工件材料的应力分布规律与切削变形规律,得出结论:工件材料的加工应力主要集中在与磨粒切削刃及棱角接触的区域;切屑沿磨粒挤压前面向上流动,并于挤压面法向方向上流出;磨粒挤压前角的增大有利于切屑的形成。利用陶瓷立方氮化硼(CBN)砂块进行了磨粒划擦试验,试验结果证实了磨粒切削仿真结果的准确性。     

Experimental investigation of laser peening on TiAl alloy microstructure and properties

In order to study the effect of laser peening on microstructures and properties of Ti Al alloy, Ti Al alloy samples were treated by Nd:YAG laser system with the wavelength of 1064 nm,pulse-width of 18 ns, and pulse-energy of 0–10 J. Surface micro-hardness, roughness, and microstructural characteristics were tested with micro-hardness tester, roughness tester and scanning electron microscope. Residual stress and pole figures were tested with X-ray diffraction and its high-temperature stability was analyzed. The experimental results show that surface micro-hardness increases by up to 30%, roughness increases to 0.37 lm, compressive residual stress increases to 337 MPa, and local texture and typical lamellar microstructure are generated. Residual stress, micro-hardness, and(002) pole figures tests are conducted, compressive residual stress value drops from 337 MPa to 260 MPa, hardness value drops from 377 HV_(0.2) to 343 HV_(0.2), and the(002)poles shift back to the center slightly. Laser peening improves microstructure and properties of Ti Al alloy significantly.     

Performance evaluation of creep feed grinding of γ-TiAl intermetallics with electroplated diamond wheels

This paper evaluates the performance of creep feed grinding γ-TiAl intermetallic (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb) using electroplated diamond wheels. Firstly, a comparative analysis with the grinding results by using electroplated CBN wheels was conducted, mainly involving abrasive wheel wear behavior and maximum material removal rate below surface burn limit. It was found that the diamond wheel would produce much better grinding results including lower wheel wear rate and higher maximum material removal rate. Then the surface integrity obtained at different level of material removal rate was characterized with the utilization of the diamond wheel. The poor ductility of this γ-TiAl intermetallic material was found to have a marginal effect on the surface integrity, as no severe surface defects such as material pullout were generated during the stable wheel wear stage. For the involved operating parameters, a deformation layer was produced with ∼10 μm or more in thickness depending on the material removal rate used. Meanwhile, a work-hardened layer extending to more than 100 μm was produced with a maximum microhardness of above 520 HV_0.05 (bulk value 360 HV_0.05). The residual stress remained compressive, with a value of above −100 MPa and even up to −500 MPa for an elevated material removal rate. Shearing chip was the main chip type, indicating good wheel sharpness in the grinding process.     

Influence of alumina abrasive tool wear on ground surface characteristics and corrosion properties of K444 nickel-based superalloy

K444 nickel-based superalloy is an important material to manufacture the gas turbine due to its excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures and corrosion resistance. Currently,grinding is the mostly used method for the surface finish of the K444 alloy components. However,few studies worked on the effects of the abrasive tool wear on the ground surface characteristics and corrosion properties of K444 alloy. This study uses two different-type alumina abrasive tools, i.e.,white alumina(WA)...     

二次孔挤压强化对Ti1023钛合金孔疲劳性能影响

采用X射线应力仪、粗糙度检测仪和透射电镜等对Ti1023钛合金孔挤压表面层性能进行对比分析,讨论带衬套孔的强化机理。结果表明：孔挤压(过盈量1%~3%)强化改善了孔壁表面粗糙度( Ra 从1.722μm降低到了0.349μm),增加了钛合金表面硬度(Hv值从32提高到了38),引入了残余应力场分布,从而改善了钛合金的微动疲劳性能(极限值从385 MPa提高到了619 MPa)。     

Grinding force and surface quality in creep feed profile grinding of turbine blade root of nickel-based superalloy with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels

Creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms of single crystal nickel-based superalloy was conducted using microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheels in the present study. The grinding force and the surface quality in terms of surface topography, subsurface microstructure, microhardness and residual stress obtained under different grinding conditions were evaluated comparatively. Experimental results indicated that the grinding force was influenced significantly by the competing predominance between the grinding parameters and the cross-sectional root workpiece profile. In addition, the root workpiece surface, including the root peak and valley regions, was produced with the large difference in surface quality due to the nonuniform grinding loads along the root workpiece profile in normal section. Detailed results showed that the surface roughness, subsurface plastic deformation and work hardening level of the root valley region were higher by up to 25%, 20% and 7% in average than those obtained in the root peak region, respectively, in the current investigation. Finally, the superior parameters were recommended in the creep feed profile grinding of the fir-tree blade root forms. This study is helpful to provide industry guidance to optimize the machining process for the high-valued parts with complicated profiles.     

Grain erosion wear properties and grinding performance of porous aggregated cubic boron nitride abrasive wheels

Cubic boron nitride (cBN) superabrasive grinding wheels exhibit unique advantages in the grinding of difficult-to-cut materials with high strength and toughness, such as titanium alloys and superalloys. However, grinding with multilayered metallic cBN superabrasive wheels faces problems in terms of grain wear resistance, the chip storage capability of the working layers and the stability and controllability of the dressing process. Therefore, in this work, novel metallic cBN superabrasive wheels with aggregated cBN (AcBN) grains and open pore structures were fabricated to improve machining efficiency and surface quality. Prior to the grinding trials, the air-borne abrasive blasting process was conducted and the abrasive blasting parameters were optimized in view of wear properties of cBN grains and metallic matrix materials. Subsequently, the comparative experiments were performed and then the variations in grinding force and force ratio, grinding temperature, tool wear morphology and ground surface quality of the multilayered AcBN grinding wheels were investigated during machining Ti–6Al–4V alloys. In consideration of the variations of grain erosion wear volume and material removal rate per unit of pure metallic matrix materials as the abrasive blasting parameters changes, the optimal abrasive blasting parameters were identified as the SiC abrasive mesh size of 60# and the abrasive blasting distance and time of 60 mm and 15 s, respectively. The as-developed AcBN grains exhibited better fracture toughness and impact resistance than monocrystalline cBN (McBN) grains because of the existence of metal-bonded materials amongst multiple cBN particles that decreased crack propagation inside whole grains. The metallic porous AcBN wheels had lower grinding forces and temperature and better ground surface quality than vitrified McBN wheels due to the constant layer-by-layer exposure of cBN particles in the working layer of AcBN wheels.