应用数字滤波技术处理直升机地面靶试数据的研究

本文介绍在直升机地面靶试数据处理中应用FIR数字滤波器的设计和算术平均值滤波方法,通过合理选择滤波方法和巧妙设计有效抑制干扰信号,保证了试验数据的精度.     

IIR数字滤波器的序列约束Chebyshev设计方法

 进行无限冲击响应(IIR)数字滤波器的无约束Chebyshev设计时,得到的滤波器幅值响应通常在过渡带存在明显过冲现象,且通带边缘的群延迟误差较大。本文提出一种序列约束Chebyshev(SCC)方法,在通带和阻带最大频率响应(FR)误差小于某给定值ρ的条件下,使过渡带频率响应误差(相对某个具有单调幅值特性的过渡响应函数)的Chebyshev模最小,并通过收缩和对分找出ρ的最小值。该方法不但可以使通带和阻带最大频率响应误差尽可能小,还能减小过渡带幅值响应的过冲以及带边群延迟误差。仿真实例表明了该方法的有效性。     

EMI滤波器控制传导干扰实验与分析

应用理论分析和实验总结出来的关于共模和差模传导干扰信号的分布规律,分析电子设备电源线上存在的干扰信号的特点,试用不同网络结构的电磁干扰(EMI)滤波器来控制电子设备在在的传导干扰电平,使之符合有关电磁兼容性(EMC)标准规定的极限值为例,说明EMI滤波器设计和应用中碰到的某些实际问题,对指导用EMI滤波器来解决电子设备存在的电磁干扰和进行EMC试验很有实际意义。     

一种新型高选择性微带带通滤波器设计

介绍了一种通过在微带开环谐振滤波器中引入交叉耦合,产生一对传输极点,从而提高通带选择性的滤波器设计方法。讨论了这种滤波器的综合方法和实现流程。实际设计了一个六阶开环谐振滤波器,并给出了全波仿真结果。分析和仿真都表明这种滤波器具有体积紧凑、选择性高的优点。     

电动舵机中的电流环分析及校正

以电动舵机中电流控制问题为研究对象,通过对直流电机电流数学建模及频域分析,阐述了常规电流环控制器校正后的电流频率响应特性。针对电流负反馈容易引入测量噪声、采样延时带来不稳定等问题,提出呆用陷波滤波器串联校正电流的频率特性,并给出了滤波器参数设计方法。分别对串联校正和电流负反馈控制进行了实验验证,结果表明采用陷波滤波器串联校正能够抑制峰值电流,与电流环比例控制效果接近,其实现简单、稳定性好。     

高灵敏GPS接收机抗干扰特性研究

采用圆环阵列天线,利用最小规范算法和线性约束最小方差算法对弱GPS信号的干扰信号进行了抑制,并分别针对固定和可变天线阵元数目以及固定和可变干扰信号等多种情况进行了仿真和分析.GPS信号的功率电平假设为-175dBW,干扰信号的功率值在-100dBW～-140dBW范围内可变.仿真结果表明,圆环天线阵列能精确地判定干扰信号的来波方向,该方法能很好地改善对来波干扰信号的赋零深度.     

分形阵列补集阵的研究

介绍分形Cantor集线阵和Sierpinski集平面阵的基本阵列结构和方向图特性，针对它们方向图高副辫的缺点提出了一种新的阵列结构——分形阵补集阵，这种稀疏阵列的方向图具有更低的副瓣。通过对多种不同分形阵的补集阵的研究，验证了分形补集阵具有更优秀的方向图特性。分形补集阵的提出为低副瓣稀疏阵的设计提供一种新的方法。     

压力畸变动态数据的数字滤波处理方法

在畸变试验的动态数据采集中,背景噪声和其他干扰信号常常伴随有用数据进入采集系统,为了较准确地获取有用数据,必须对原始数据进行数字滤波处理。本文主要介绍在数字滤波器的设计中,其参数选择对数据处理结果的影响。     

开关电源EMI滤波器的设计

本文分析了开关电源EMI信号的特点,阐述由实验得出的开关电源噪音等效电路,给出抑制开关电源干扰信号的EMI滤波器。     

卫星导航接收机空间自适应调零抗干扰技术研究

比较了两种自适应调零抗干扰天线系统方案的优缺点,根据实际应用场合,确定抗干扰天线方案设计为中频输出的数字调零系统.对自适应调零的信号处理进行了理论研究,建立了阵列信号的模型,根据导航卫星信号远小于干扰信号等因素,选用了基于线性约束的功率倒置算法,通过调整权值系数使得天线阵的方向图零点对准干扰信号方向,实现干扰零陷.仿真结果表明:通过零陷处理可达到干信比为77dB的抗干扰能力,验证了算法的有效性.     

Poly-phase codes and optimal filters for multiple user ranging

A technique is introduced to select poly-phase codes and optimal filters of a pulse compression system that have specific temporal and frequency characteristics. In the particular problem under study, multiple vehicles are assigned unique codes and receiver filters that have nearly orthogonal signatures. Narrowband users, that act as interference, are also present within the system. A code selection algorithm is used to select codes which have low autocorrelation sidelobes and low cross correlation peaks. Optimal mismatched filters are designed for these codes which minimize the peak values in the autocorrelation and the cross correlation functions. An adjustment to the filter design technique produces filters with nulls in their frequency response, in addition to having low correlation peaks. The method produces good codes and filters for a four-user system with length 34 four-phase codes. There is considerable improvement in cross and autocorrelation sidelobe levels over the matched filter case with only a slight decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system. The mismatched filter design also allows the design of frequency nulls at any frequency with arbitrary null attenuation, null width, and sidelobe level, at the cost of a slight decrease in processing gain     

Adaptive Main-Beam Nulling for Narrow-Beam Antenna Arrays

Narrow-beam, low-sidelobe antennas may be used to enhance communication in the presence of sidelobe interferers. Protection against main-beam interferers as well can be obtained through the use of an adaptive multibeam antenna. Such an antenna, suitable for time-multiplexed, multichannel signals is described here. The objective is to permit successful communication and signal direction-of-arrival tracking in the presence of a large number of sidelobe interferers and a small number of main-beam interferers.     

Sequence design for IIR inverse filter pulse compression

An infinite impulse response (IIR) inverse filter structure is presented, and compared with the performance of two finite impulse response (FIR) designs. The IIR design is shown to provide better performance and be able to improve further (e.g., -1.4 dB in sidelobe levels per unit delay increase for the length-13 Barker sequence) by increasing delay. The performance parameters of this IIR inverse filter suggest a design criterion for sequences on which the filter operates; that is related to the roots of the Z transform polynomial of the sequence. The sidelobe-optimal sequence derived according to this criterion is shown to provide sharper sidelobe reduction (-6 dB per unit delay increase for the sidelobe optimal length-13 sequence)     

Generalized Response of a Linear FM Pulse Compression Matched Filter

A pulse compression matched filter is analyzed so that the response may be computed when the pulse width, FM rate, and center frequency simultaneously differ from design conditions. Unilateral and bilateral time domain amplitude weighting for sidelobe reduction is included. A general cross-ambiguity function is defined to include these effects and some basic computed results are presented for the peak envelope response with various degrees of Hamming weighting. Computer evaluation of this cross-ambiguity function allows one to choose a combination of mismatches for signal design trade-off between resolution and detection performance. Since no restrictions are placed upon the mismatch parameters, this analysis may also be used to evaluate the filter discrimination against various interfering signals.     

RFI suppression for ultra wideband radar

An estimate-and-subtract algorithm is presented for the real-time digital suppression of radio frequency interference (RFI) in ultrawideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems used for foliage- and ground-penetrating imaging. The algorithm separately processes fixed- and variable-frequency interferers. Excision of estimated targets greatly reduces bias in RFI estimates, thereby reducing target energy loss and sidelobe levels in SAR imagery. Performance is demonstrated on data collected with the Army Research Laboratory's UWB rail SAR.     

大多普勒容限巴克码脉压

 本文介绍用补偿式非相干型旁瓣抑制滤波器(SSF)实现13位巴克码脉冲压缩旁瓣抑制的理论计算及实验结果。补偿式非相干型SSF采用最小二乘近似逆滤波方法设计,若子脉冲宽度为0.7μs,峰值旁瓣电平不超过-30dB,这种SSF的多普勒容限能达到-40kHz～+40kHz。理论计算及实验结果都表明,所设计的补偿式非相干型SSF的多普勒容限比具有同样长度冲激响应序列的R-G-ISSF有显著改善。     

A new algorithm to optimize Barker code sidelobe suppressionfilters

The authors suggest a new algorithm for binary coding waveform sidelobe reduction after matched filtering and present a general method by which optimized sidelobe suppression filters for Barker codes can be obtained with a peak output sidelobe 2.62 dB lower than the results found in the literature (for 13-b Barker code). This optimization algorithm is also promising for other binary coding waveforms, such as truncated pseudonoise (PN) sequences and concatenated codes. This new approach can readily be applied to sidelobe-reduction filter design for other binary coding waveforms, such as truncated PN sequences, concatenated codes, etc., which often find their applications in radar systems and spread spectrum communication systems     

Robust SVA method for every sampling rate condition

Linear apodization, or data weighting, is the traditional procedure to improve sidelobe levels in a finite sampled signal at the expense of resolution. New apodization methods, such as spatially variant apodization (SVA), apply nonlinear filtering to the signal in order to completely remove sidelobes without any loss of resolution. However, the results are strongly influenced by signal sampling rate. Some variations which improve results have been previously published, but sidelobe cancellation gets worse since sampling frequency is not settled at Nyquist (or a multiple). This paper presents a new and efficient technique based on SVA that drastically reduces sidelobe levels for every sampling rate condition. The algorithm is, essentially, a parameter optimization of a variant filter for each pixel of the image. A one-dimensional case and a two-dimensional generalization are presented, as well as some applications to target detection capability in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system.     

An Adaptive Interference Canceling Array Utilizing Hybrid Techniques

The steady state properties of an adaptive array utilizing prior knowledge of both approximate signal arrival direction and signal characteristics are presented. The method combines the features of a directionally constrained array and an array with a self-generated reference signal. Explicit results are obtained for output signal, interference, and noise powers assuming a single interferer is present. The inclusion of a self-generated reference circuit is shown to reduce the sensitivity to pointing error typical of arrays utilizing a zero order directional constraint, the improvement being a consequence of the reduction of the desired signal component fed back to the sidelobe canceling circuit. A relationship between the degree of sensitivity reduction and the quality of the reference signal is developed. Results of computations of signal to interference plus noise ratios for a 7-element 10-wavelength nonuniformly spaced array as a function of pointing error are presented. These results show the behavior with one interferer inside and outside the beamwidth of the quiescent array and with multiple interferers for various degrees of perfection of the reference generating circuit. In all cases the computations confirm that the otherwise severe effects of small pointing errors are substantially reduced.     

隐身飞机机身侧棱电磁散射特点分析

隐身飞机机身侧棱是侧向重要散射源,研究其电磁散射特点具有重要意义。建立机身侧棱分析模型,采用多层快速多极子算法(MLFMM)进行计算,获得雷达散射截面(RCS)沿水平面方位角的分布数据;构建RCS峰值、波峰宽度、旁瓣均值三维度评价方法,基于该方法分析机身侧棱电磁散射的极化特性和频率特性;针对棱边长度、棱边尖劈角、棱边厚度三项关键几何参数,建立变参数模型并通过仿真研究RCS对几何参数的敏感性。结果表明:RCS峰值对棱边长度及棱边尖劈角比较敏感,波峰宽度对频率比较敏感,旁瓣均值对频率及棱边尖劈角比较敏感。