芴基取代耐高温聚酰亚胺的合成与性能

合成了同时含有芴基以及醚键的二胺单体,9,9-双(4-胺基苯氧基苯基)芴(BAOFL),并对其进行熔点、红外以及核磁表征。结果表明,该单体具有很高的纯度。分别采用3,3,′4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(sBPDA)以及2,3,3,′4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(aBPDA)与BAOFL聚合,通过热亚胺化法以及化学亚胺化法分别制备聚酰亚胺(PI)。研究芴取代基对PI耐热性能、溶解性能以及光学性能的影响。结果表明,引入芴取代基可以显著提高PI树脂在有机溶剂中的溶解性能以及在可见光区良好的透明性。同时,PI具有良好的耐热稳定性,玻璃化转变温度超过280℃,氮气中起始热分解温度超过500℃。     

高透明性不对称聚酰亚胺的合成与性能研究

采用1,4-双(3'-氨基-5'-三氟甲基苯氧基)联苯(m-TFDAB)为二胺单体,分别与两种联苯型二酐单体,3,3',4,4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(s-8BPDA)以及2,3,3',4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(a-BPDA)通过一步高温溶液缩聚法制备了两种聚酰亚胺材料PI-1(s-BPDA/m-TFDAB)与PI-2(a-BPDA/m-TFDAB).研究结果表明,不对称化结构没有对聚酰亚胺材料的耐热性能、力学性能以及电性能产生显著影响.但可以显著增大聚酰亚胺在有机溶剂中的溶解性以及在可见光范围内的透明性.PI-2不仅可以溶解于极性非质子性溶剂中,而且在许多常规溶剂中也具有优良的溶解性能.PI-2薄膜在可见光波长范围内具有优良的透明性,450nm处的透光率达到86%.此外,该材料在氮气中的起始热分解温度超过580℃,而700℃时的残余重量百分数达到67%.     

耐高温柔性PI 气凝胶的合成与性能

以3,3’,4,4’ -联苯四酸二酐(BPDA)和含咪唑环的芳香族二胺,2-(4-氨基苯基) -5-氨基苯并
咪唑(4-APBI)或2-(3-氨基苯基) -5-氨基苯并咪唑(3-APBI) 为聚合单体,以八( 氨基苯基) 聚倍半硅氧烷
(OAPS)为交联剂,采用超临界CO2 干燥工艺制备了两种PI 气凝胶,PIA-1(BPDA/4-APBI/ OAPS) 与PIA-2
(BPDA/3-APBI/ OAPS)。研究表明,制备的PI 气凝胶具有纳米串珠状的微观结构,其泡孔最可几孔径分别为
22 nm(PIA-1)与14 nm(PIA-2)。PIA-1 与PIA-2 的密度分别为0. 105 和0. 080 g/ cm3,BET 表面积分别为
693 和302 m2 / g。此外,制备的PI 气凝胶具有良好的柔韧性与耐热稳定性,Tg 超过了350℃,T5
d 超过了530℃。     

苯乙炔苯酐封端聚酰亚胺低聚物的合成与性能

将4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA)和3,3',4,4'-二苯醚四酸二酐(ODPA),与3,4'-二氨基二苯醚(3,4'-ODA)和1,4-双(4'-氨基-2'-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)或1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(1,3,4-APB)混合物通过高温缩合聚合反应合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,对其熔体黏度、热行为及固化物的热性能等进行了研究.实验表明,PI-1和PI-2低聚物在280℃时具有低的熔体黏度(＜1 Pa·s)和良好的熔体黏度稳定性;经371℃固化后形成的纯树脂固化物具有优异的耐热性能,5%热失重温度超过520℃,Tg超过330℃,有望成为适用于RTM工艺的复合材料基体树脂.     

苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉的合成与性能研究

以4-苯乙炔基苯偶酰(PEBZ)作为封端剂,以芳香族四酮,9,9-双(4-苯偶酰氧基苯基)芴和芳香族四胺,3,3’,4,4 '-四氨基联苯(BPTA)作为单体,设计并合成了一系列苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉(PEPPQ)树脂(PPQ-1～PPQ-4).设计分子量分别为2 500( PPQ-1)、5 000(PPQ-2)、10 000(PPQ -3)以及20 000(PPQ-4).流变分析表明,PPQ-1与PPQ -2具有良好的加工性能,350℃左右的最低黏度分别为21和568 Pa·s.通过热模压工艺制备了PPQ-1和PPQ -2固化样件,Tg分别为338和325℃.固化物具有优良的耐热稳定性,氮气中以10℃/min升温,5％失重温度均在550℃以上,750℃时的残重在60％以上.PPQ -2固化物表现出了良好的力学性能,拉伸与弯曲强度分别为88和155 MPa,断裂伸长率达到7.6％.     

高韧性环氧基体树脂的制备与性能

以N,N,N’,N’-四缩水甘油基-1,3-间苯二甲胺(TGMXDA)和双酚F环氧(DGEBF)作为基体,以4,4'-双[(4-氨基-2-三氟甲基)苯氧基]联苯(6FBAB)和3,3’-二氨基二苯砜(3,3’-DDS)作为固化剂制备了新型环氧基体树脂.研究了环氧基体与固化剂的结构和配比对环氧固化物耐热与力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,TGMXDA- DGEBF/6FBAB-DDS树脂体系固化物具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度达到101 MPa,冲击强度＞20 kJ/m2,断裂伸长率＞6％.同时,该树脂体系还具有良好的耐热稳定性,氮气中的5％失重温度＞330℃.     

基于aODPA的PI薄膜的合成与性能

采用含醚键的不对称二酐单体,2,3,3',4'-二苯醚四酸二酐(aODPA)与三种芳香族二胺单体分别聚合制备了一系列PI薄膜.研究了aODPA-PI的结构与耐热稳定性、溶解性、力学以及光学性能的关系.结果表明,aODPA的不对称结构赋予了PI良好的溶解性能与光学透明性,在450 nm波长下的透光率超过85%.同时,PI薄膜还保持了优良的耐热稳定性及良好的力学性能,其氮气中的T5d超过510℃,拉伸强度超过了80 MPa.     

适用于RTM成型聚酰亚胺树脂的合成与性能研究

使用4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA),2,3,3′4′-联苯四酸二酐(a-BPDA),1,4-双(4′-氨基-2′-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)和1,4-对苯二胺(p-PDA)合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,并对低聚物的熔体粘度稳定性和热性能等进行系统研究.实验结果表明:采用热亚胺化方法制备的低聚物具有很高的产率(＞99%);PI-1低聚物在280℃时表现出低的熔体粘度(＜1Pa.s)和良好的熔体粘度稳定性,可用于RTM成型工艺制备树脂基复合材料;PI-1和PI-2低聚物经371℃固化后显示了优异的热性能,玻璃化转变温度超过400℃(DMA法,tanδ值),5%热失重温度超过520℃.     

亚胺化途径对含氟聚酰亚胺薄膜性能的影响

传统的热亚胺化方式会对含氟聚酰亚胺的应用范围造成限制,但低温亚胺化会对其性能造成一定影响。以含氟单体4, 4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐(6FDA)和4, 4'-二氨基-2, 2'-双三氟甲基联苯(TFMB)合成聚酰胺酸(PAA),然后分别通过80℃/1 h,110℃/2 h,150℃/2 h,200℃/1 h,250℃/30 min,300℃/30 min梯度升温热亚胺化和加入乙酸酐/吡啶混合液的方式使其亚胺化,制备两种聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜,对薄膜各项性能进行表征。结果表明:由化学亚胺化制备的薄膜拥有更好的透明性、溶解性和力学性能;而热亚胺化制成的薄膜拥有较小的相对介电常数、较高的热分解温度和更高的亚胺化率。     

ODA/TPER共聚型聚酰亚胺的合成及其性能研究

使用二元酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)与不同摩尔比例的两种二元胺4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)和1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(TPER)共聚制备了一系列聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜,并通过乌氏粘度计、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、环境扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TGA)对其性能进行了分析表征.结果表明,TPER的引入使PI薄...     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.