电流变柔性微致动器致动过程研究

利用电流变液体阻尼阀效应设计了原型电流变柔性微致动器,建立了相应的力学模型,进行了柔性微致动器致动过程实验研究和三维致动过程的计算机图形仿真,并对电流变柔性微致动过程的位移、速度和加速度等运动学和动力学特征进行了分析研究。     

微动工作台的研制及特性研究

介绍了一种根据仿生学原理设计而成的由电致伸缩微位移器为驱动元件的大范围高精度的微动工作台，该工作台采用电致伸缩微位移器直接驱动的柔性铰链机构，使其既可以在小范围内实现高精度的微动，又可以实现大范围的宏动。同时还对工作台的特性进行了测试实验和分析。     

超磁致伸缩电静液作动器的试验研究与特性分析

超磁致伸缩材料驱动的电静液作动器具有结构高度集成、性能影响因素多以及理论分析复杂等特点,为寻求超磁致伸缩电静液作动器可靠的理论分析方法以提高其输出性能,首先搭建了超磁致伸缩执行器与作动器试验测试平台,完成了执行器与作动器动态特性对比试验,在准确测试与观察试验现象的基础上,对超磁致伸缩电静液作动器进行结构分解,以各环节固有频率为理论分析切入点,采用试验、理论与有限元分析相结合的方法,分析了悬臂梁阀片、管路、液压缸以及蓄能器等动态特性对作动器输出性能的影响规律,总结出符合试验结果的理论分析方法并确定了影响与制约作动器输出性能的关键环节,最后提出了超磁致伸缩电静液作动器优化改进方案,优化后作动器试验结果显示：在200 Hz左右、0.6 MPa 的偏压作用下,选取 0.15 mm 厚度的阀片,作动器的输出性能达到最佳,其输出流量最大可达1.2 L/min。     

超磁致伸缩电静液作动器磁场分析与优化

提出一种超磁致伸缩电静液作动器（GMEHA）结构,采用永磁体与控制线圈组合提供驱动磁场.首先建立了该组合磁路数学模型,并给出了超磁致伸缩棒内磁感应强度计算解析式;其次,对以上结构进行了有限元分析（FEA）,得出了磁路主要结构参数与磁场分布均匀性之间映射规律;最后进行了作动器磁场试验研究并与有限元分析结果进行了对比,验证了理论与有限元模型的可预测性,给出了该电静液作动器结构设计方法.结果表明:该电静液作动器的最佳驱动频率为250Hz,最大无负载体积流量为0.85L/min,最大阻断力达到了120N.      

一种用于主动流动控制的气泡型微致动器

 面向先进主动流动控制，在国内率先研发了一种基于微机电系统(MEMS)的气泡型微致动器阵列技术。分析了气泡型微致动器用于主动流动控制的原理，阐述了致动器结构及其加工工艺。通过对气泡样件的压力载荷 变形行为的测试，表明其具有较好的线性和较大承载能力。结合不同翼型的风洞试验表明，微致动器作动可以影响翼型表面的压强分布，从而可用于增升等控制目的。     

超小型纳米级驱动装置控制系统的研究

本文介绍了根据压电元件快速变形所引起的惯性力和摩擦力实现纳米级驱动装置的原理。针对微位移器的静、动态特性，研制了新型微位移器驱动源。试验结果证明，该驱动源大大改善了微位移器的过渡过程和动态特性，满足微步距驱动装置控制和驱动的需要。     

空间谐振式MOEMS陀螺致动器研究

研究并设计了一种新型的可应用于微光机电(MOEMS)陀螺的微位移及角度控制致动器。它包括高灵敏度压电陶瓷组件和控制电路,具有对微镜进行微米级位移和角秒级角度精确定位的功能。建立并完成了该致动器的结构模型和有限元仿真,提出了基于MOEMS技术的加工方法。     

压电陶瓷微位移器的实验研究

 介绍了压电陶瓷微位移器的动、静态特性及其测量方法和实际测量系统。实验研究了逆压电效应型和电致伸缩型两种压电材料所构成的微位移器的性能。逆压电效应型微位移器位移线性度为０. １１％，重复精度±０. ０１μｍ，电压－位移灵敏度约为１μｍ／１００Ｖ。在２００Ｈｚ频段内，幅频特性平直，相频曲线呈线性，相位滞后量小于２５°；电致伸缩型微位移器的电压－位移呈非线性，所以位移量较大，对应电压５００Ｖ时，位移约为１２μｍ。微位移功能逆压电效应型适用于线性度要求较高的精密控制场合；而电致伸缩型则更适用于行程较大的控制情况。     

美空军多电飞机计划中的电源技术

为使飞机性能和寿命期费用最优,多电飞机十分重视对电能的应用,以部分或全部替代液压能、气压能和机械能。例如,液压驱动的作动器将被电动机驱动的作动器所代替,齿轮箱驱动的燃油泵和滑油泵将被电动机驱动的燃油泵和滑油泵所代替,以及用于环境控制系统的气压驱动的压缩机将被由电动机驱动的压缩机所代替。子系统是否采用电能驱动取决于在总费用和性能方面所获得的好处。 多电飞机对电源提出了更高的要求。首先,多电飞机增加了电动机在伺服和调速中的应用。这样将需要从几千瓦到几百千瓦的高功率密度的电动机和电动驱动装置。其次,多电飞机上发电和配电的容量、可靠性及容错能力必     

MEMS微致动器对碟翼飞行器流动控制研究

介绍了微电磁致动器的工作原理和结构工艺,研究微型碟形飞行器周围特殊的空气流场,在碟翼的翼缘安装MEMS微致动器阵列,扰动边界层分离,从而打破飞行器的空中姿态平衡性,达到控制其进行翻转和俯仰等空中动作的目的。     

Dynamic Modeling of Brushless dc Motors for Aerospace Actuation

A discrete time model for simulation of the dynamics of samarium cobalt-type permanent magnet brushless dc machines is presented. The similation model includes modeling of the interaction between these machines and their attached power conditioners. These are transistorized conditioner units. This model is part of an overall discrete-time analysis of the dynamic performance of electromechanical actuators, which was conducted as part of prototype development of such actuators studied and built for NASA-Johnson Space Center as a prospective alternative to hydraulic actuators presently used in shuttle orbiter applications. The resulting numerical simulations of the various machine and power conditioner current and voltage waveforms gave excellent correlation to the actual waveforms collected from actual hardware experimental testing. These results, numerical and experimental, are presented here for machine motoring, regeneration and dynamic braking modes. Application of the resulting model to the determination of machine current and torque profiles during closed-loop actuator operation were also analyzed and the results are given here. These results are given in light of an overall view of the actuator system components. The applicability of this method of analysis to design optimization and trouble-shooting in such prototype development is also discussed in light of the results at hand.     

Experimental characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial

Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) actuators have shown wide and promising application prospects in high-speed flow control, due to their advantages including high exhaust speed, wide frequency band, rapid response, and non-moving components. Although previous studies on PSJ actuators are abundant, most of them have focused on the performance of a single actuator. However, in practice, an actuator array is very necessary for large-scale aerodynamic actuation on account of the small affected area of a single PSJ. In this paper, the characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial are investigated experimentally. Compared to a parallel actuator array, the serial actuator array requires simpler power supply design and is much easier to realize. High-speed photography of the discharge evolution, voltage-current measurement, and shadowgraphy visualization are used in the investigation. Experimental results show that, for the serial actuator array, weak discharges happen firstly between energized and suspending electrodes, and then a strong pulse arc discharge is triggered. The breakdown voltage in serial is irrelevant to such factors as the number of actuators, the maximum or minimum gap in serial, the connection sequence, etc. It is mainly determined by the sum of gaps. For serial actuators with the same anode-to-cathode spacing, the energy deposition is the same, and the jet is synchronous and similar. Because of the entrainment and merging of adjacent jet vortices, the jet front speed of an aligned synchronous jet array increases as the orifice distance decreases. To achieve the highest jet front velocity, the orifice of the actuator has an optimal diameter.     

一种微气泡型MEMS作动器研究

设计了一种基于MEMS技术的微气泡型作动器,将微作动器布置在NACA0012翼型和三角翼机的前缘上,利用Fluent进行数值模拟,结果表明微作动器可以改变机翼前缘附体流的流动状态,提高翼型升力系数,改变三角翼机前缘流动状态,利用微作动器可以成功进行流动控制。     

SDBD plasma enhanced aerodynamics: concepts,optimization and applications

This paper provides an overview of the physics and design of single dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma actuators for enhanced aerodynamics in a variety of applications. The actuators consist of two electrodes, one exposed to the air and the other covered by a dielectric material. The electrodes are supplied with an ac voltage that at high enough levels, causes the air over the covered electrode to ionize. The ionization of the air is a dynamic process within the ac cycle. The ionized air, in the presence of the electric field produced by the electrode geometry, results in a body force vector that acts on the ambient air. The body force is the mechanism for active aerodynamic control. The body force per unit volume of plasma has been derived from first principles and implemented in numerical flow simulations. This utilizes models for the time and space dependence of the air ionization on the input voltage amplitude, frequency, electrode geometry and dielectric properties that have been developed and bench-marked with experiments. The experiments and model suggest approaches that can maximize the performance of the plasma actuators. A sample implementation of an actuator model in a numerical flow simulation consisting of leading-edge separation control on an airfoil along with an experimental benchmark is then presented.     

高动态电动伺服机构1553B总线通信的设计与实现

目前1553B总线通信在航空航天领域应用广泛,电动伺服机构作为导弹控制系统的重要组成部分,大量采用1553B进行总线通信.高动态要求下电动伺服机构控制优先级一般高于1553B通信处理的优先级,主要介绍基于BU-61581S6总线接口协议芯片RT端软件接收数据的时序处理方法,保证高动态条件下提高1553B的通信速率和可靠性以及电动伺服机构的高动态响应.     

介质阻挡放电等离子体对翼型流动分离控制的实验研究

在低速开口风洞中进行了等离子体激励器对NACA0015翼型流动分离控制的实验研究。采用PIV技术,对翼型绕流流场进行了测量,显示了施加等离子体激励后流场的变化。通过五分量天平对升力和阻力的测量,研究了激励电压和激励频率对翼型流动分离控制的规律。研究表明,低风速下在翼型前缘施加等离子体激励,能够有效地控制翼型流动分离,在来流为20m／s时,最大升力系数增加11％,失速迎角增加6°;在给定的流动状态下,激励电压和激励频率存在一个阈值,不同迎角下该阈值不同,迎角越大,分离越严重,对激励强度的要求也越高。     

基于SPI接口隔离的分组A/D转换设计与实现

系统需要控制多个执行器或多个设备,每个执行器或设备又要求控制相对独立,避免单个执行器或设备失效导致整个系统瘫痪。基于此需求,很多系统要求各个执行器或设备的控制信号和反馈信号与控制器相互隔离。从应用需求出发分析了各种隔离方式的特性、隔离点和隔离接口选择的优缺点,阐述了基于SPI接口隔离实现不同单元模拟量采集的设计原因,以某发射控制系统的电源电压采集单元作为示例,验证设计方案及实现方法。     

气隙构型对高频交流SDBD防除冰激励器的温升影响

等离子体激励具有电离效应、气动效应和热效应,可被用于飞行器防除冰。背面电极的气隙构型对于交流供电的沿面介质阻挡放电（SDBD）防除冰激励器的单周期放电次数和放电电荷分布均有影响,电源频率也为影响激励器温升的重要因素。目前对于交流SDBD温升效果的研究均是基于背面电极无气隙的构型,且缺乏激励频率大于15 kHz的高频条件。为此制作了背面电极有气隙和无气隙的对照构型,在35~55 kHz的高频范围内,采用电学特性、红外测温、放电形态相结合的方式研究了交流SDBD防除冰激励器温升特性。结果表明：施加相同的电压或频率时,背面电极有气隙构型的SDBD激励器的裸露正面最高温度相比无气隙构型激励器可提高至151.51%;背面电极气隙的存在也可以使激励器正面尤其是正面等离子放电反方向的温升区域扩大;增加频率使交流SDBD激励器的温度非线性提高,有助于降低高压击穿风险。