用双时间法数据模拟悬停旋翼流场

酿和改进的双时间法和重叠网格通过求解可压缩的欧拉和Ｎ－Ｓ方程计算了悬停旋翼流场。     

基于重叠网格技术和多重网格算法的悬停旋翼粘性绕流数值模拟

发展了一种基于重叠网格的多重网格算法,并应用于悬停旋翼粘性绕流的Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟.多重网格算法在重叠网格上实施主要面临如下两个问题:粗网格间几何关系的建立,即洞单元、边界单元的确定;洞边界存在的情况下如何进行粗细网格间流场信息的传递.本文针对以上问题给出了相应的解决方案.采用两层网格的V循环,应用有限体积法对一跨声速悬停旋翼粘性流场进行了数值计算.计算结果表明该多重网格方法可以显著加快悬停旋翼粘性流场数值解收敛速度,加速比约为3.     

用多重网格方法计算旋翼跨声速无粘流场

发展了一种加快悬停旋翼无粘流场计算收敛速度的多重网格方法。由于悬停旋翼流场中存在不可压区域，同时旋翼尾涡系统的发展需要较长的时间，使得旋翼流场的收敛速度远低于固定翼流场，因此研究旋翼流场的多重网格算法具有重要意义。空间离散格式采用了中心有限体积方法，时间推进应用了五步龙格-库塔法。采用3层网格的V循环，对一跨声速悬停旋翼无粘流场进行了数值计算。计算结果表明：尽管多重网格方法对旋翼流场的加速收敛作用不如对固定翼流场的加速收敛效果，但是多重网格方法仍然可以显著地加快旋翼流场收敛。     

基于运动嵌套网格的前飞旋翼绕流N-S方程数值计算

 通过求解 Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟了直升机旋翼前飞非定常流场。为了模拟包括旋转、周期性变距和周期性挥舞的非定常运动,采用了一种能够快速完成重叠网格间流场信息交换的运动嵌套网格方法。空间上采用中心平均的有限体积法进行离散,时间方向应用含隐式子迭代的双时间法推进求解。为了验证程序的正确性,数值计算了一有升力悬停流场,旋翼桨叶表面压力分布的计算值与实验值吻合很好。     

悬停旋翼无粘流场数值模拟中的多重网格方法

发展了一种基于不同空间离散格式的多重网格算法,并应用于悬停旋翼无粘绕流的Euler方程数值模拟。由于悬停旋翼流场中存在不可压区域,同时旋翼尾涡系统的发展需要较长的时间,使得旋翼流场的收敛速度远低于固定翼流场,因此研究旋翼流场的多重网格算法具有重要意义。空间离散采用了Roe s FDS格式和Jameson中心有限体积格式,时间推进应用了五步Runge-Kutta方法。采用多重网格V循环方式,对一跨声速悬停旋翼无粘流场进行了数值计算。计算结果表明:多重网格算法可以显著加速悬停旋翼无粘流场的数值计算收敛速度;无论在激波分辨率还是在计算精度上,Roe s FDS格式都优于JST格式。     

基于动态非结构重叠网格法的直升机前飞非定常流场数值模拟研究

 发展了非结构重叠网格技术，提出适合于直升机旋翼运动的动态非结构重叠网格算法，该算法使得在采用非结构重叠网格模拟直升机流场时实现程序自动处理网格，不需任何人工干预。流动控制方程采用非定常可压缩Euler方程，空间离散采用Jameson有限体积法，时间推进采用双时间步长法，为加速收敛，在双时间步长内循环迭代中采用预处理技术。为验证本发展的预处理解算器以及动态非结构重叠网格的算法的可信性和有效性，开展一系列的数值实验，模拟了不同速度范围的NACA0012翼型绕流,Caradonna旋翼悬停和前飞流场以及Robin直升机机身-旋翼组合的前飞非定常流场，结果表明采用本文算法得到的结果是可信的，网格处理是自动高效的，可以应用于直升机全机流场模拟，为直升机设计提供可信指导数据。     

用运动嵌套网格方法数值模拟旋翼前飞非定常流场

通过求解Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程数值模拟了直升机旋翼前飞非定常流场。为了模拟包括旋转、周期性变距和周期性挥舞的非定常运动,本文采用了一种能够快速完成重叠网格间流场信息交换的运动嵌套网格方法。空间采用中心平均的有限体积法进行离散,时间方向采用双时间法隐式推进求解。为了验证方法的正确性,数值模拟了悬停流场,数值结果和实验值吻合很好。尽管前飞状态的计算没有实验验证,但计算结果与其它文献计算结果吻合很好。     

用强耦合RANS方法模拟旋翼悬停流场

在旋转坐标系下,将Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)一方程湍流模型和Reynolds-averaged NavierStokes(RANS)方程耦合成一个新的RANS方程,并发展了基于多块重叠网格的强耦合RANS求解方法,用于直升机旋翼悬停流场的数值模拟.为了提高计算效率,针对多重网格方法在多块重叠网格上实施的困难,提出了一种基于重叠网格的多重网格实施方法.通过对Caradonna-Tung(C-T)和ONERA 7A旋翼悬停算例验证了发展的强耦合RANS方法和基于重叠网格的多重网格实施方法的有效性.研究结果表明:发展的基于重叠网格的多重网格方法有较高的计算效率,3层网格的加速比约为7.7;强耦合RANS法的计算精度明显高于传统的松耦合RANS方法,特别是在与阻力相关性能参数的预测中,强耦合RANS方法的预测结果更加精确.     

用隐式WENO格式计算悬停旋翼跨声速流场

发展了一种基于高阶迎风格式的计算悬停旋翼跨声速流场的隐式有限体积法。对流项采用Roe通量差分分裂格式,使用五阶WENO格式进行左右状态重构,并与MUSCL插值进行比较;粘性项采用中心有限体积法。为提高收敛到定常解的效率,时间推进采用LU-SGS隐式方法。数值模拟采用了一种能够有效传递网格间流场信息的重叠网格,其中使用了三层内边界和贡献边界的方法以便插值的直接进行。用该方法对一跨声速悬停旋翼粘性流场进行了数值计算,数值结果表明:与MUSCL格式相比,WENO格式对激波位置捕捉得更准确,具有更强的涡捕捉能力,同时还表明了WENO格式在很大程度上能够克服涡耗散问题。     

纵列式直升机双旋翼流场特性的自由尾迹分析

将旋翼尾迹模型与旋翼配平模型进行耦合求解,建立了一个分析纵列式双旋翼流场的迭代计算方法.为充分模拟双旋翼的干扰影响及桨尖三维效应,使用了畸变的自由尾迹模型,桨叶模型则采用升力面/涡格方法.应用该耦合方法,计算分析了纵列式直升机双旋翼在干扰状态下的尾迹结构及旋翼重叠区域的流场特性,并与单旋翼做了比较.计算表明,悬停时,纵列式双旋翼重叠区下方的下洗速度大于单副旋翼的诱导速度,但小于两副旋翼诱导速度的简单迭加;前飞时,随飞行速度的增大,尾迹重叠区域减小,两副旋翼相互间的干扰也逐渐减弱.     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Flow about a jet source with a deflector

We suggest a method to solve one of the model problems of aerohydrodynamics, namely, a problem of a flow about a point source, from which a fluid with density and total pressure, different from the corresponding values in the incoming flow enters. The calculations are carried out for various values of the determining parameter; and the data are compared with the known results. We revealed the advantages of the suggested method in comparison with the known ones.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.     

Solving a radiation problem with forward speed using a lifting surface method with a Green''s function

The progress of seakeeping computations requires development of computating codes for unsteady flows around a ship or its elements. In this paper, we present a method of calculation concerning waves radiated by an oscillating surface-piercing flat plate with forward speed, with a yaw angle. By use of Green's third identity, the problem is transformed into the resolution of a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind by a panel method using Green's function. The Green's diffraction-radiation function with forward speed is used. Its numerical values are calculated by an adaptative integration procedure to reduce the computation time. The present method permits determination of the pressure jump distribution across the plate, the total forces and moments. The results obtained are compared with other numerical methods in hydrodynamics and in aerodynamics, and with experimental data obtained in a water tank.     

The intersection of a Loxodrome with a great circle

The intersections of a loxodrome (rhumb line) and a great circle are of interest for some navigational problems, but a closed-form solution cannot be formulated. An algorithm is given for computing approximations to any desired degree of accuracy using Newton's method. By using the equatorial angle φ as an independent variable all solutions can be found rapidly using the modest computational capabilities of a personal computer