用LQG／LTR方法设计航空发动机多变量控制器

研究航空发动机多变量鲁棒控制器的设计方法。以某型涡轮喷气发动机为对象, 利用差分法得到发动机的小偏离状态空间模型, 计算了多种工况下的模型参数。利用LQG/LTR方法设计了发动机双变量鲁棒控制器, 研究了该控制系统的指令跟踪、解耦、干扰抑制等性能。      

航空发动机零点配置/回路传函恢复方法的改进

为了对零点配置／回路传函恢复（ZP／LTR）方法无法保证闭环系统稳定性的缺陷进行改进，在设计过程中引入了Kalman滤波器，通过选取特殊的参数，使Kalman滤波器回路逼近并取代原目标回路，从而在保留ZP／LTR方法性能的同时，通过保证Kalman滤波器回路的稳定性保证了最后闭环系统的稳定性。研究还证明了如果按文中方法选取参数，则所得的Kalman滤波器回路是稳定的，从而最终保证了闭环系统的稳定性。最后的实例验证了所得的结论。     

航空发动机ZP/LTR方法稳定性分析及改进

分析了零点配置/回路传函恢复(ZP/LTR)方法稳定性, 给出并证明了其稳定性条件.但该条件较为苛刻, 限制了ZP/LTR方法的应用.为了对ZP/LTR方法改进, 在设计过程中引入了Kal man滤波器, 通过选取特殊的参数, 使Kal man滤波器回路逼近并取代原目标回路, 从而在保留ZP/LTR方法性能的同时, 通过保证Kal man滤波器回路的稳定性保证了最后闭环系统的稳定性.给出并证明了改进后的ZP/LTR方法的稳定性条件, 指出改进后的ZP/LTR方法的稳定性条件较为宽松, 拓宽了原ZP/LTR方法的应用范围.      

飞行/推进系统分散控制优化设计及鲁棒性分析

以一种短距起降战斗机的飞行/推进综合控制系统设计为背景,对分散控制如何保持集中控制的性能和鲁棒性的问题提出利用优化的思想设计分散控制器.首先采用遗传算法设计集中控制器,作为分散控制的性能参考,然后给出具有接口变量的分散控制器设计方法,通过分析得出影响分散控制性能的关键因素,并通过数学推导得到以频率加权矩阵为设计参数的分散控制性能表达式,将分散控制器设计转化为优化问题,采用遗传算法求解得到分散控制器.分散控制器设计中同时用到了一种改进的平衡降阶方法.通过仿真和结构奇异值分析验证了这种优化设计方法可使分散控制达到集中式控制的性能和鲁棒性.      

带矢量喷管的一体化飞行/推进控制技术研究

本文对综合推力矢量飞行／推进控制系统的设计方法进行了研究,在充分考虑了推力矢量飞行、推进子系统之间的相互作用后,建立了带推力矢量综合飞行／推进控制系统的数学模型,结合推力矢量研究的特点,采用鲁棒伺服ＬＱＧ／ＬＴＲ设计法,进行控制系统的设计,通过仿真实验,证明设计达到了要求,方法可行     

民机四维航迹/姿态一体化自适应控制

出于运营效率和飞行安全的考虑，民用飞机在航路终端区需有效减少飞行总系统误差（TSE），提高空域资源利用率。在此航段中，飞行技术误差（FTE）是最主要的组成部分，需采用引导控制一体化的设计思想，实现民机起飞/着陆段四维航迹精确跟踪，有效减小飞行技术误差。基于回路传递函数恢复（LTR）技术协调设计随机线性系统状态观测器和最优控制器，解决大气紊流作用下的民机飞行控制系统设计问题。在此基础上，引入自适应投影算子估计大气扰动导致的气动参数不确定性，并对其作用效果进行补偿。仿真结果表明，基于LQG/LTR（Linear Quadratic Gaussian/Loop Transfer Recovery）控制技术的自适应飞行控制律可以有效抑制气动参数不确定性影响，能够实现民机四维航迹/姿态一体化高精度控制的目标。     

航空发动机H∞/LTR控制试验验证

 用半物理模拟试验验证了多变量鲁棒控制在航空发动机中的应用,给出了航空发动机中H_∞/LTR控制模块的设计过程及注意事项。从半物理模拟试验结果可见:与LQG/LTR控制器不同,H_∞/LTR控制器能在半物理模拟试验环境下稳定控制航空发动机;H_∞/LTR控制器具有优良的噪声抑制功能;基于包线内一点设计的H_∞/LTR控制器可适用于包线内其他区域的加力与非加力状态下的爬升、加速等仿真试验,验证了H_∞/LTR方法的鲁棒性。推进了多变量鲁棒控制设计方法在航空发动机中的实际应用。     

全飞行包线LQG／LTR多变量控制器设计

根据某型涡喷发动机不同飞行条件、不同工作状态设计了一组双变量LQ/LTR控制器,同时利用一个神经网络对这组控制器的控制参数进行拟合,以使发动机在全飞行包线内各工作状态都有良好的控制性能。仿真结果表明,在整个飞行包线内,控制系统不但有良好的鲁棒性,而且调节性能良好,能满足发动机控制的要求。     

航空发动机非完全恢复的LQG/LTR控制系统设计

为解决常规LQG/LTR控制器中存在的参数值过大问题, 提出了非完全恢复的LQG/LTR设计方法, 并从控制系统中零极点关系的角度, 阐述了该设计方法降低控制器参数数值的机理.将该方法应用于航空发动机控制系统设计中.仿真表明, 该方法不但有效地抑制了控制器的参数值过大, 且相对于常规LQG/LTR设计方法具有更理想的控制效果.      

阵风载荷减缓系统LQG/LTR多变量控制器设计

给出了阵风载荷减缓系统LQG/LTR多变量控制器设计方法,以某大型运输机为对象,设计了阵风载荷减缓系统控制器。根据系统回差矩阵的最小奇异值理论和通用相角、幅值裕度估算图,给出了系统两个通道的相角和幅值同时变化时系统的稳定裕度。仿真结果表明,该控制器能有效减缓阵风引起的飞机法向过载,其鲁棒性满足通用规范GJB185-86的要求。     

无轴承永磁同步电机悬浮子系统的LQG/LTR控制器设计

 为1台无轴承永磁同步电机设计了单输入单输出LQG/LTR控制器，并对有轻载和白噪声干扰时的悬浮性能进行了仿真研究。结果表明，空载时稳态悬浮精度在60 μm以内，且控制器具有较强的鲁棒性。为提高稳态悬浮精度，考虑到无轴承永磁同步电机X和Y2个自由度间的耦合，为同一台电机设计了双输入双输出的集中控制器。结果表明，控制精度提高到30 μm以内，悬浮性能优良。     

基于优化拟形的航空发动机控制器降阶方法

提出了一种基于优化输出拟形的航空发动机多变量控制器降阶方法,并以LQG/LTR控制器降阶为例,成功地将原控制器从8阶降为3阶.首先将控制器分为积分环节部分和稳定子系统部分,采用输出拟形的方法用低阶系统去逼近稳定子系统使二者具有相近的阶跃响应,利用遗传算法优化出低阶系统的参数,将低阶系统和分离出来的积分环节合并后即得到降阶后的控制器.与采用平衡截取Schur降阶方法比较,本方法可将系统阶次降得更低并取得更好的动态响应效果.     

Multi Objective Robust Active Vibration Control for Flexure Jointed Struts of Stewart Platforms via H∞ and μ Synthesis

Active vibration control is needed for future space telescopes, space laser communication and other precision sensitive payloads which require ultra-quiet environments. A Stewart platform based hybrid isolator with 6 hybrid struts is the effective system for active/passive vibration isolation over 5-250 Hz band. Using an identification transfer matrix of the Stewart platform, the coupling analysis of six channels is provided. A dynamics model is derived, and the rigid mode is removed to keep the signal of pointing control. Multi objective robust H∞ and μ synthesis strategies, based on singular values and structured singular values respectively, are presented, which simultaneously satisfy the low frequency pointing and high frequency disturbance rejection requirements and take account of the model uncertainty, parametric uncertainty and sensor noise. Then, by performing robust stability test, it is shown that the two controllers are robust to the uncertainties, the robust stability margin of H, controller is less than that of μ controller, but the order of μ controller is higher than that of H, controller, so the balanced controller reduction is provided. Additionally, the μ controller is compared with a PI controller. The time domain simulation of the μ controller indicates that the two robust control strategies are effective for keeping the pointing command and isolating the harmonic and stochastic disturbances.     

铯原子频标伺服优化技术的研究

介绍了铯原子频标整机伺服优化的总体思路,详细分析了影响铯原子频标指标的各个参数,并提出了整机伺服优化的5个环路及其实现方案。通过试验验证所提出的伺服优化方案可行、有效。     

Robust dissipative compensators for flexible spacecraft control

The problem of controller design for flexible spacecraft is addressed. Model-based compensators, which rely on the knowledge of the system parameters to tune the state estimator, are first considered, and are shown to have high sensitivity to parameter uncertainties. Three types of dissipative controllers, which use collocated actuators and sensors, are next considered. These controllers guarantee stability in the presence of unmodeled elastic modes and parameter uncertainties. A procedure is given for designing an optimal dissipative dynamic compensator, which can provide better performance while still retaining robust stability     

基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器

系统参数发生跳变时,为了解决多变量系统暂态响应变差的问题,提出一种基于多模型切换的鲁棒自适应控制器。该控制器由多个鲁棒自适应控制器组成,鲁棒自适应控制器保证系统存在未建模动态时能够使自适应系统稳定运行,引入的多模型策略保证系统参数跳变时具有良好的暂态性能。仿真结果表明,所提出的多模型鲁棒自适应控制器能够加快系统的响应速度,提高系统的暂态性能。     

Design of dynamic dissipative compensators for flexible spacestructures

Control system design is considered for attitude control and vibration suppression of flexible space structures. The problem addressed is that of controlling both the zero-frequency rigid-body modes and the elastic modes. Model-based compensators, which employ observers tuned to the plant parameters, are first investigated. Such compensators are shown to generally exhibit high sensitivity to the knowledge of the parameters, especially the elastic mode frequencies. To overcome this problem, a class of dynamic dissipative compensators is next proposed which robustly stabilize the plant in the presence of unmodeled dynamics and parametric uncertainties. An analytical proof of robust stability is given, and a method of implementing the controller as a strictly proper compensator is described. Methods of designing such controllers to obtain optimal performance and robust stability are presented. Numerical and experimental results of application of the methods are presented, which indicate that dynamic dissipative controllers can simultaneously provide excellent performance and robustness     

Compound Control for Hydraulic Flight Motion Simulator

The design of a compound control is presented for the servo system of hydraulic flight motion simulator, which suffers from highly nonlinear dynamics, large parameter time-variation and severe load coupling among channels. The compound control is composed of a robust feedback controller and a feedforward compensator. The design aim is to achieve high tracking performance even in the presence of considerable uncertainty, external disturbance and load coupling among channels. Toward this aim the feedback controller for rejecting perturbation and disturbance is designed by using μ synthesis optimization technique and the feedforward compensator for compensating time lag of dynamic system is established based on the basic idea of zero phase error tracking. To validate the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are implemented, and show that the resulting system is highly robust against model perturbation and possesses excellent capability of suppressing the load coupling and improving the tracking performance.     

Damage-mitigating control of aircraft for enhanced structuraldurability

The concept and a design methodology for robust damage-mitigating control (DMC) of aircraft is presented. The goal of DMC is to simultaneously achieve high performance and structural durability and the design procedure is based on damage mitigation at critical structures and retention of the flight performance. An aeroelastic model of the wings has been formulated and is incorporated into a nonlinear rigid-body model of aircraft flight-dynamics. Robust damage-mitigating controllers are then designed using the H_∞-based structured singular value (μ) synthesis method based on a linearized model of the aircraft. In addition to penalizing the error between the ideal performance and the actual performance of the aircraft, frequency-dependent weights are placed on the strain amplitude at the root of each wing, Using each controller in turn, the control system is put through an identical sequence of maneuvers, and the resulting (varying amplitude cyclic) stress profiles are analyzed using a fatigue crack growth model that incorporates the effects of varying-amplitude cyclic loading. Comparisons are made to determine the impact of different strain-amplitude weights on the resulting flight performance and fatigue crack damage in the wings. The results of simulation experiments show significant savings in fatigue life of the wings while retaining the dynamic performance of the aircraft     

地空导弹LQG/LTR增益调度自动驾驶仪设计(英文)

采用线性二次高斯/回路传递复现(LQG/LTR)增益调度技术设计地空导弹增益调度自动驾驶仪。为消除传统"试错"设计过程在系统中所引起的人为不确定性,提出一种基于极点配置的目标回路设计方法。此方法提供了由体现性能指标要求的期望极点构造矩阵微分Riccati方程(MDRE)的具体算法。同时,还证明了引入积分环节扩展被控对象动力学,能够有效抑制LQG/LTR增益调度控制器的快模态,从而为LQG/LTR增益调度技术的工程应用扫清了一个障碍。采用所提出的方法设计了地空导弹LQG/LTR增益调度自动驾驶仪。设计及仿真结果表明,控制器的快模态得到了明显抑制,同时,在飞行马赫数和高度变化的情况下,自动驾驶仪具有稳定的动力学特性。